Showing papers in "Angewandte Parasitologie in 1983"

What is Paramphistomum cervi

Abstract: It is proved histologically that lacking of tegumented papillae in Paramphistomum cervi is based on the alteration of the tegument furnished with papillae in the normal state. The differences in the dorsal extension of the vitellaria, in the histological structure of the genital opening complex and in other features, used by Eduardo (1982) for the division of P. cervi into 3 species, are refuted as not existing. Therefore the forms P. leydeni, P. scotiae and P. hiberniae remain well established synonyms of P. cervi.

Haematophagous behaviour of Menacanthus eurysternus (Mallophaga, Amblycera).

Abstract: Haematophagous nature of some mallophagan species is of great concern to the scientists working in the field. Such species cause harm to the host directly by reducing vitality and productivity and indirectly by acting as reservoir and transmitter of pathogenic strains of infectious diseases. Menacanthus eurysternus infesting common myna Acridotheres tristis feeds exclusively on host blood obtained by piercing the quill of pin feathers and by gnawing through the epidermis. As much as 88.56% adults, 73.91% third instar nymphs, 66.66% second instar nymphs and 83.21% first instar nymphs were found feeding on the host blood, when examined microscopically. This mallophagan species does not harbour any triturating agent and is not involved in cannibalism or predation.

Acanthocolpidae (Digenea) from fish from the coast of Mozambique

Abstract: From the southern region of the coast of the People's Republic of Mocambique 5 new species of the family Acanthocolpidae (Digenea) out of Teleostei have been described [Monostephanostomum krusei nov. spec., Stephanostomum jesseni nov. spec., Stephanostomum keilbachi nov. spec., Stephanostomum casum (Linton, 1910) McFarlane, 1934 and S. ditrematis (Yamaguti, 1939) Manter, 1947] have been stated. In the flesh of teleostei 4 different types of metacercariae of the genus Stephanostomum Looss, 1899 were discovered. The author has summarized the known species of the genus Stephanostomum from the Indian Ocean and the species of the genus Tormopsolus Poche, 1926.

Effect of anthelmintics on the enzyme activities of Setaria cervi (Nematoda: Filarioidea).

Abstract: The present study deals with the comparative efficacy of Hetrazan, levamisole and tetramisole on the enzyme activities of adult Setaria cervi worms. The drugs were administered orally to white rats, intraperitoneally infected with the bovine filariid, Setaria cervi. Biochemical assays revealed the decreased activities of glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-diphosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase and adenosine triphosphatase in the drug-treated worms. Hetrazan was relatively more effective than tetramisole and levamisole. A possible role of these enzymes in the energy supply and survival of the worm has been briefly discussed.

Celozoic myxosporidians (Myxidium spp. and Chloromyxum spp.) of cyprinids from the river Esla (León, NW Spain). I. Description of the species.

Abstract: In the examination of 417 Cyprinids, belonging to 7 species, caught in the Esla river from April 1977 to December 1979, the following celozoic myxosporidians were found: Myxidium macrocapsulare Auerbach, 1910 in Leuciscus cephalus cabeda and Chondrostoma polylepis polylepis; Myxidium carinae n. sp. in Barbus barbus bocagei; Chloromyxum complicatum n. sp. in B. barbus bocagei and L. cephalus cabeda; Chloromyxum chondrostomi n. sp. in Ch. polylepis polylepis; and Chloromyxum cyprini Fujita, 1927 in B. barbus bocagei. All of them were found in the gall bladder, except Chl. cyprini that also parasitizes the liver. The myxosporidians are described and drawings and photomicrographs are presented. Data on the prevalence and intensity of their infections are also given.

Review article: in vitro rearing of Mallophaga

Abstract: From time to time, a number of attempts have been made by various workers to rear the mallophagan species in vitro. Some of the species have been successfully reared while some of them could be reared for shorter periods but others could not be reared at all. This may be on account of diverse temperature, humidity and nutritional requirements of various species. In the present article an attempt has been made to review the work done for in vitro rearing of Mallophaga. The different aspects like the temperature, humidity, nutritional requirements of mallophagan species, the methodology used by different workers, the optimum conditions for better rearing of mallophagan species and also some of the practical difficulties involved for their rearing, survival, egg laying, morphogenesis and hatching have been discussed.

[Contribution to the parasitic fauna of the GDR (German Democratic Republic). 7. Occurrence of Gasterophilus larvae (Diptera: Gasterophilidae) in horses]

Abstract: Observations were carried out from May 1977 to May 1980 on occurrence, fauna, and seasonal dynamics of Gasterophilus spp. in 2,539 horses for butchering from all districts of the German Democratic Republic and also in 79 horses after control against gasterophilosis. 99.98% of the 13,742 second and third instar larvae of horses for butchering were Gasterophilus intestinalis, only 0.02% Gasterophilus nasalis. Out of 7,765 larvae passed after control measures Gasterophilus intestinalis dominated with more than 96%. Only in four districts of the German Democratic Republic Gasterophilus nasalis was found. The mean extensive invasion from 1977 to 1980 was 8.7%, the mean intensive invasion 33.4 +/- 3.16 larvae/infected horse, the number of larvae ranging between 2 and 576 per horse. From 1977/78 to 1979/80 the intensive invasion increased from 25.8 +/- 2.74 to 58.6 +/- 3.49 larvae/infected horse. Peaks of extensive invasion appeared in April, May and October. From October to February the horses harboured both second and third instar larvae of Gasterophilus spp. The occurrence of gasterophilosis is concentrated in the northern parts of the German Democratic Republic.

[Dose as the determining factor for the size of the parasite population in the Muellerius capillaris/Cernuella cespitum arigonis system (Nematoda, Protostrongylidae/Mollusca, Stylommatophora].

Abstract: Ten lots, each one made up of 40 specimens of the snail Cernuella (Xeromagna) cespitum arigonis, were infected with L1 of the nematode Muellerius capillaris, at dosages ranging from 50 up to 1,000 L1/mollusc, in order to determine the influence of the infecting dose on the invasion and further development of the parasite population. Mathematical calculations are based on a basic model of a growing population. During the invasion phase a densith dependence on the number of available larvae was demonstrated, the process being adjusted to a binomial distribution and, secondly, to a Poisson type. The step from L1 to L2 was also density-dependent, and also the development from L2 to L3.

Analysis of biometrical characters of two mallophagan species treated with a phosphoorganic insecticide.

Abstract: On the basis of biometrical analysis of various parts of the body in M. gallinae and E. stramineus treated with insecticide (Polwet 5) it was found that only the sizes of abdomen were differently changed in both species. The differentiation of these changes depends on the Polwet 5 concentration used and on the specific morphological features of both species.

[Strobila periodicity of Spirometra (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae)].

Abstract: The non-induced, endogeneous periodic destrobilation in Spirometra is conceived as an extreme of pseudapolysis. The patent time of S. erinaceieuropaei and S. sp. with single or with simultaneous infestations is arranged in separate patent periods marked off from each other by negative phases. This phenomenon is due to a periodicity of the strobila. In dissections during the negative phase only the scolex and neck alone or provided with a very short strobila could be found in the intestine. There were no striking differences between single and simultaneous infestations. The periodicity altogether, however, showed a great variability. A synchronization of the periodicity of egg shedding and destrobilation is concluded from one simultaneous infestation with demonstrably at least 2 tapeworms. After successive superinvasion, however, the periodicity evidently does not become synchronous, the periodicity of egg shedding is masked.