Showing papers in "Angewandte Parasitologie in 1984"

[Control of Monomorium pharaonis using a methoprene bait in the Berlin Zoo and its combined application with a residue insecticide in the Olomouc Children's Clinic].

Abstract: The control of Monomorium pharaonis by a methoprene bait in the Tierpark Berlin and its combined application with a residue insecticide in the children's hospital in Olomouc. In two different institutions heavy infestations with the Pharaoh's ant (Monomorium pharaonis L.) could be eradicated with a methoprene bait applied by different methods. In a zoological garden the bait was continuously exposed in boxes for many weeks. The dosage was about 2.5 g/10 m2, and 1.42 kg of DYBH-bait were used. On average 50% of this amount was taken off by the ants during the eradication period of 14...37 weeks. In a children's hospital after spraying permethrin 10 weeks before the bait was exposed uncovered with 0.5 g per bait station. Within 13 days an area of 9,000 m2 was treated with about 1.8 kg of DYBH-bait. 131/2 weeks after the beginning of the application no more ants could be detected by visual checking. Further checking with baited traps after 128 days confirmed eradication. The bait was very persistent being still attractive and effective after an exposition of about 8 months.

Endoparasite infestation of the stomach and intestinal tract of feral rabbits from the Leipzig region

Abstract: Investigations on the infestation with endoparasites in stomach and gut of feral rabbits from the region of Leipzig. During the hunting periods in the years 1976 till 1979 the viscera of 122 wild rabbits shot in two different biotopes in the area of Leipzig were examined for endoparasites. 63.11% harboured Ctenotaenia ctenoides and Cittotaenia denticulata and 8.19% Cysticercus pisiformis. Graphidium strigosum was demonstrated in 36.88%, Trichostrongylus retortaeformis in 82.78%, Passalurus ambiguus in 13.11% and Trichuris leporis in 7.13% of the rabbits. 71.13% of the rabbits shed oocysts of six different species of intestinal coccidia in their faeces and Eimeria stiedai--infections were diagnosed in the livers of 1.63% of the rabbits. Regional differences were demonstrated in the frequency of Graphidium strigosum-, Passalurus ambiguus- and tapeworm infestations of the wild rabbits examined.

Connections between poultry biting lice and microflora.

Abstract: Microorganisms were found in about 300 Mallophaga ( Menopon gallinae, Eomenacanthus stramineus , Goniocotes gallinae) and 11 host hens. The majority of isolated bacteria was determined as grampositive cocci. The microflora found on the surface of and inside the Mallophaga as well as in the samples of hen's skin did not exhibit significant qualitative differences. The internal microflora in Mallophaga appeared qualitatively a little poorer than the external. Breeding of bacteria from interior tissues of nymphs of G. gallinae seldom succeeded, although bacteria were found in all microscopical preparations. The results indicate the bacteriostatical effect of an unknown agent in the digestive system of Mallophaga, as well as the presence of microorganisms (probably specific to the insects investigated) which, however, cannot be distinguished by the usual methods.

[Urban alternate host cycle of Taenia saginata in Wittstock County, district of Potsdam (East Germany)].

Abstract: The urban alternate host cycle of Taenia saginata in the county of Wittstock, district of Potsdam (GDR). Investigations of the epidemiology of bovine cysticercosis and human taeniasis were carried out in the county of Wittstock from 1979 till 1980. The analysis was based on the examination of human faeces, sewage and sewage sludge, the registration of infested humans, anticestodica consumption, number of infested cattle, areas for squirting out sewage, fodder supply areas and location of cattle. These data were mapped. There is a direct connection between the prevalence of Cysticercus bovis in more than 50 per cent of the infested cattle of the county of Wittstock and the squirting out of the sewage of the county town. 21 to 27 million Taenia eggs per day get into the waste-water purification plant. The proportion of infested humans and infested cattle is 1: 250 or 1: 290, respectively. The prevalence of adult tapeworms is 0.008-0.18%, and that of cysticerci is 20%.

Osmoregulation in a parasitic nematode, Setaria cervi.

Abstract: Studies on osmotic and ionic regulation in Setaria cervi indicate that it can osmoregulate in hypertonic solutions but not in hypotonic solutions. The depression of the freezing point (delta degrees C) of host's peritoneal fluid was -0.71 degrees C.

Embryos and embryonic envelopes in eggs of two cyclophyllidean cestodes.

Abstract: Membranes and envelopes around the embryos in eggs of Cotugnia digonopora and Raillietina (R.) echinobothrida have been studied in detail. This is the first study giving details of the egg-shell of a Cotugnia species. There are 3 membranes and an equal number of envelopes around the embryos in eggs of C. digonopora , while there are 2 membranes and only one envelope in case of eggs of R. echinobothrida . Noteworthy is the presence of a membrane in eggs of C. digonopora , termed "middle capsule", between and separating the 2 envelopes viz. the outer and inner. The membranes and envelope around the embryos in eggs of R. echinobothrida have been found to be identical with those of R. galeritae .--The 3 pairs of embryonic hooks of the 2 cyclophyllideans studied are collared --a feature of specific importance.

Immunodiagnosis of gasterophilosis

Abstract: Research into the immunological diagnosis of gasterophilosis. So far there have been no reliable methods of diagnosing equine gasterophilosis intra vitam. Horses from the G.D.R. and the M.P.R. spontaneously infected with Gasterophilus spp. were tested for antibodies by the immunotechniques of counterimmunoelectrophoresis after Pesendorfer, passive haemagglutination and the intradermal test using antigen made from larvae of all 6 Gasterophilus spp. present in the palaearctis. All 3 techniques produced positive results. The intradermal injection produced an immediate reaction. A correlation between the infestation degree of Gasterophilus larvae and the intensity of the immunoreaction tested has not been found so far.