Showing papers in "Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology in 1972"
TL;DR: T. vivax occurs in areas where its normal insect vector, the tsetse fly Glossina, is absent, and apparently it has become adapted to a purely mechanical means of transmission by such insects as horse-flies and stableflies.
Abstract: T. vivax, have been described from cattle in the New World (Wenyon 1926; Laveran and Mesnil, 1912; Clark and Benavides, 1935). In general it seems to be agreed that the first three species cause few or no symptoms of disease in cattle and are often only demonstrable by culture (T. theilert) or the inoculation of susceptible small mammals (T. evansi and T. equinum). T. vivax, however, usually can be quickly detected in fresh blood films andits pathogenicity varies from the production of a so called symptornless infection to an acute disease. Clearly any information on the distribution of such a trypanosome in the cattlerearing areas of South America is of great economic importance. T. vivax occurs in areas where its normal insect vector, the tsetse fly Glossina, is absent. Apparently it has become adapted to a purely mechanical means of transmission by such insects as horse-flies and stableflies. We have no idea when this trypanosome was imported into the Americas from Mrica, but it was first reported from French Guiana by Leger and Vienne in 1919 under the name of T. guyanense. This name, however, was preoccupied and Lavier (1921) proposed the name T. viennei for this organismo Leger and Vienne (1919) concluded that the infection had been introduced with cattle from Venezuela. A year later Tejera (1920) reported a morphologically identical trypanosome in Venezuelan cattle, and because of its similarity to T. cazalboui (a synonym of T. vivax) suggested that it had been imported from Mrica. Later observations showed that the infection was widespread throughout Venezuela (Fernandez, 1931: Kubes, 1944), Dutch and French Guiana (Nieschulz and Frickers, 1938; Berny and Saint-Prix, 1935), Colombia (Plata 1931, 1931a, 1951; Rave, 1967; Uribe, 1931; Wells et ai., 1968), Panama (Johnson, 1941) and in the Carribean islands of Martinique (Carougeau, 1929) and Guadeloupe (Fabre and Bemard, 1926; Fabre 1929). Apart from a single reference to T. theileri in cattle from São Paulo (Carini, 1911) we have been unable to trace any references to bovine trypanosomiasis in Brazil, and this is strange when one remembers the wide distribution of T. vivax in neighbouring countries. In March 1967 the local agricultural research institute (Institute de Pesquisas Experimental Agropecuaria do Norte) asked the Institute Evandro Chagas to examine its water butfalo (Bubalus bubalus) herd as some of the animals, in spite of eating well, were not gaining weight. During the examination of blood films, trypanosomes were encountered in one animal. The parasite was identified as T. vivax and the strain was isolated in laboratorybred sheep. .
83 citations
TL;DR: The Simbu-group viruses were isolated in Ibadan, Nigeria 1964-69, including the new types Sango, Shamonda, Sabo and Shuni as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: (1972). Isolations of Simbu-group viruses in Ibadan, Nigeria 1964–69, including the new types Sango, Shamonda, Sabo and Shuni. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology: Vol. 66, No. 3, pp. 357-362.
70 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the Nematospiroides dubius in the mouse as a possible model of endemic human hookworm infection and showed that the mouse can be infected with the worm.
Abstract: (1972). Nematospiroides dubius in the mouse as a possible model of endemic human hookworm infection. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology: Vol. 66, No. 1, pp. 129-134.
42 citations
40 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an arbovirus epizootics involving man, mosquitoes and vertebrates at Lunyo, Uganda 1968, where the epizoelectric properties were investigated.
Abstract: (1972). Arbovirus epizootics involving man, mosquitoes and vertebrates at Lunyo, Uganda 1968. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology: Vol. 66, No. 3, pp. 343-355.
32 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a surface active lysosome was found in the trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica from the human colon, which is the only known instance of such a lysisome in the wild.
Abstract: (1972). The observation of a surface active lysosome in the trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica from the human colon. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology: Vol. 66, No. 3, pp. 339-342.
30 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, studies on factors influencing the transmission of onchocerciasis were conducted, and the authors proposed a method to identify the most important factors for transmission of the disease.
Abstract: (1972). Studies on factors influencing the transmission of onchocerciasis. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology: Vol. 66, No. 2, pp. 219-234.
TL;DR: The mouthpart sensilla of the tsetse fly and their function were discussed in this paper, with the focus on the mouth part sensilla and the mouthparts of the fly.
Abstract: (1972). Mouthpart sensilla of the tsetse fly and their function. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology: Vol. 66, No. 4, pp. 525-536.
TL;DR: The fine structure of different bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma cruzi was studied in this paper, where the fine structure was shown to be different in different stages of the life cycle.
Abstract: (1972). The fine structure of different bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma cruzi. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology: Vol. 66, No. 4, pp. 423-431.
TL;DR: In this article, a study on leishmaniasis in Ethiopia is presented, where the authors consider the following three types of leishmeniasis: leishmansia, leishmania, and leachmaniasis.
Abstract: (1972). Studies on leishmaniasis in Ethiopia. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology: Vol. 66, No. 4, pp. 457-466.