Showing papers in "Blumea in 2001"

An annotated key to the genera of Lauraceae in the Flora Malesiana region

Abstract: Lauraceae are an important component of wet tropical forests and are well represented in the Flora Malesiana region. Their identification has been hampered by two factors: several of the genera are poorly defined and existing keys require both flowers and fruits, which are, however, rarely present together on a specimen. Here a key based almost entirely on flowering specimens is presented, problems in generic delimitation are discussed and vegetative characters helpful in generic identification are listed.

Notes on the taxonomy and ecology of the genus Hoya (Asclepiadaceae) in Central Sulawesi

Abstract: The taxonomy and ecology of the genus Hoya R.Br, are unclear, especially in the core area of its distribution: Sumatra, Borneo, Sulawesi and Irian Jaya. This paper summarises the available information on the ecology of Hoya species, and describes eight species from central Sulawesi. An important ecological trait of many Hoya species is their association with ants. Four types of mutualistic relationships with ants occur in the genus: 1) species with specialised leaves to house ants; 2) a single species that provides housing for ants under imbricate leaves; 3) species growing on the carton of ant nests; and 4) species that root in ant inhabited cavities in tree trunks and branches. Four of the eight described species grew in association with ants (types 2-4). Taxonomically, Hoya sussuela (Roxb.) Merr. is placed in synonymy with H. coronaria Blume, and H. maxima (H. Karst.) Warb. and H. pseudomaxima Koord. are reduced to H. imbricata Decne. Three new species are described.

Revision of the Southeast Asian genus Melastoma (Melastomataceae)

Abstract: The monophyletic genus Melastoma (Melastomataceae) is centred in Southeast Asia, but extends to India, South China, Japan, northern Australia, and Oceania. It comprises 22 species, two subspecies, and three varieties. Two new species, Melastoma sabahense and M. minahassae, and a new variety, M. sanguineum var. ranauensis, are described; two species are reduced to subspecies and variety, respectively, and the genus Otanthera is transferred to Melastoma. In many species, especially M. malabathricum, morphological characters vary locally, which resulted in the taxonomic recognition of numerous geographically restricted entities here considered synonyms. Most species of Melastoma are pioneers with a high dispersal capacity. This may have resulted in small, relatively isolated populations in which unique character combinations were stabilised locally.

Taxonomic studies of Cheiropleuria (Dipteridaceae)

Abstract: Morphological and molecular studies are made on the fern genus Cheiropleuria, which was treated in the past as monotypic. We describe C. parva, a new species from Borneo, and separate C. integrifolia, distributed in Japan and Taiwan and probably in China too, from Southeast Asian C. bicuspis. The three species differ from each other in the size, shape and texture of lamina, divergence angles between lobes, frequency of bilobed leaves, and spore size and morphology. Cheiropleuria parva is distinct from C. bicuspis populations sympatric on Mt Kinabalu in the leaves of juvenile and adult plants, suggesting reproductive isolation. Nucleotide differences in the rbcL gene support separation of the three species.

A taxonomic revision of Mallotus sections Hancea and Stylanthus (Euphorbiaceae)

Abstract: Mallotus sections Hancea and Stylanthus from Malesia are revised. Descriptions, distribution ranges, habit drawings and keys to all the species in these two sections are provided. The diagnostic characters for the sections are discussed briefly in the section headings. Mallotus section Hancea is defined more precisely than before, resulting in the exclusion of 4 species from this section (M. brachythyrsus, M. havilandii, M. insularum (new rank) and M. miquelianus). Mallotus beccarii is synonymised with M. brachythyrsus, and M. tenuipes with M. penangensis. This section contains 12 species. In Mallotus section Stylanthus, M. oblongifolius is synonymised with M. peltatus. This section contains 6 species.

Revision of Blechnum (Blechnaceae) in Malesia

Abstract: In a taxonomic revision of the genus Blechnum of the Malesian region 20 taxa (17 species and 3 subspecies) are recognised. Much of the past confusion over names, especially of the Papua New Guinea taxa, has been the result of some species being based on inadequate, often single, collections. One new species and one new subspecies are described and two new combinations are made. Fortythree species and seven varieties are put into synonymy. A key, full descriptions, distribution maps and illustrations of the less well understood taxa, as well as scanning electron microscope images of the spores, are presented. Where a taxon also occurs outside the Malesian region, full distributional details are provided, so far as can at present be verified by field observations and herbarium collections. The distribution patterns of a number of the taxa appear to be closely related to their limited ecological tolerances. The biogeography of the genus in the Malesian region is discussed.

A taxonomic revision of the genus Dolianthus (Rubiaceae)

Abstract: A taxonomic revision of Dolianthus C.H. Wright (Rubiaceae-Psychotrieae) is presented, including a key to species, full descriptions, distribution maps, and a list of specimens examined. Eleven species are transferred from Amaracarpus to Dolianthus, resulting in ten new combinations. Two species are described as new to science: D. kairoi and D. ovatifolius. In total, thirteen species are included in Dolianthus. Dolianthus is endemic to the highlands (montane to subalpine and alpine zones) of Papua New Guinea.

Taxonomy of Hodgsonia (Cucurbitaceae), with a note on the ovules and seeds

Abstract: Hodgsonia, ranging from NE India through S China to Java and Borneo, was for a long time considered as monotypic, but there are two (and possibly three) species, demarcated at the Isthmus of Kra in S Thailand. The few, woody ‘seeds’ should be regarded as pyrenes, a condition not known elsewhere in the family Cucurbitaceae.

Additions to Orophea subgenus Sphaerocarpon (Annonaceae): revision and transfer of Mezzettiopsis

Abstract: The genus Mezzettiopsis Ridl. (Annonaceae) is revised and transferred to Orophea Blume subgenus Sphaerocarpon Kesler. Phylogenetic analysis of subgenus Sphaerocarpon and Mezzettiopsis places Mezzettiopsis within the subgenus. Furthermore, the prevalence of common or overlapping character states and the paucity of unique character states necessitate the transfer. Two species were transferred from Mezzettiopsis. Of these, one species of Orophea is reinstated and one new combination is made. Three species are described as new. In total, nine species are fully described. Sphaerocarpon is a subgenus of small, tropical, lowland trees distributed from Sulawesi westwards to South India. It is characterised by having sepals and outer petals that are sessile or nearly sessile and more or less ovate, with outer petals that are twice the size of the sepals, inner petals that are clawed, roughly diamond-shaped and connivent during development at the edges of the lamina, by miliusoid stamens, by stipitate, globose to oblongate carpidia, and by glabrous to pubescent leaves. A key to the flowering material is presented.

Revision of calyptrocalyx and the New Guinea species of linospadix (Linospadicinae: Arecoideae: Arecaceae)

Abstract: A revision of Calyptrocalyx and the New Guinea species of Linospadix (Linospadicinae: Arecoideae: Arecaceae) is provided. For Calyptrocalyx, twenty-six species are recognised, and two for Linospadix. Three species, Calyptrocalyx amoenus, C. awa, and C. yamutumene are described as new. The following new combinations are made: Calyptrocalyx arfakianus, C. caudiculatus, C. flabellatus, C. geonomiformis, C. hollrungii, C. julianettii, C. lepidotus, C. merrillianus, C. micholitzii, C. multifidus, and C. pusillus which were formerly species of Paralinospadix. Neotypes are proposed for C. laulerbachianus, C. laxiflorus, C. pachystachys, C. pauciflorus, and C. polyphyllus. Linospadix has two species in New Guinea, L. albertisiana and L. canina.

Revision of the pseudo-stipular species of Medinilla (Melastomataceae)

Abstract: A revision is presented here of a group of mainly Papua New Guinea species of Medinilla Gaudich. ex DC. (Melastomataceae) peculiar for possessing a feature nearly unique for the family: leaf blades with a pair of lateral lobes at the base (‘pseudo-stipules’). This character was previously recorded for Astronidium miraculum-dei J.F. Maxwell & Veldk. (Astronioideae) from the nearby Solomon Islands. Various explanations, none satisfactory, for this phenomenon are explored. The group consists of 15 taxa, 2 previously described, 13 proposed here. The correct authorship of Medinilla is ‘Gaudich. ex DC.’, the correct name for the type species is Medinilla medinilliana (Gaudich.) Fosberg & Sachet, and not M. rosea Gaudich. ex DC., nom. superfl. Medinilla rubicunda (Jack) Blume var. hasseltii (Blume) Bakh.f. is validated. The descriptions of M. arfakensis Baker f. and M. brassii Markgr. are emended. A study of the palynology confirmed the homogeneity within Medinilla and among related genera.

Notes on the genus Amorphophallus (Araceae) — 11 New and obsolete species from East Malaysia and continental Southeast Asia

Abstract: Sixteen new Amorphophallus (Araceae) species from East Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam are described and figured. Moreover, six species, four of which were originally published by the first author, are synonymized.

Revision of Eremochloa (Gramineae-Andropogoneae-Rottboelliinae)

Abstract: The genus Eremochloa Buse (Gramineae) is revised. Eleven species (2 new) and two varieties are recognized. For one species a new name was necessary. The genus appears to be most similar to Rhytachne Desv. of the Andropogoneae-Rottboelliinae.

Taxonimic revision of Endiandra (Lauraceae) in Borneo

Abstract: The genus Endiandra R.Br. (Lauraceae) has not been revised since Meissner (1864). Flora treatments and local revisions for this genus of about 100 species have been produced for Peninsular Malaysia (Kochummen, 1989) and Australia (Hyland, 1989) with ten and thirty-eight species, respectively. A revision of Endiandra in Borneo contributes to the taxonomic understanding of the genus. Eight species, with a possible ninth imperfectly known species, are recognized on the island. Three species, E. immersa, E. elongata, and E. rhizophoretum, are described as new; the five other species are E. clavigera Kosterm., E. ochracea Kosterm., E. kingiana Gamble, E. macrophylla (Blume) Boerl., and E. rubescens (Blume) Miq.; E. rigidior Kosterm. is an imperfectly known species. A key to the eight species, and descriptions, illustrations, discussions, and distribution maps of each species are provided.

A new species of the genus Campylandra (Convallariaceae-Convallarieae) from Thailand

Abstract: Based on the specimens collected from Thailand and preserved in AAU, BKF, C, and KYO, Campylandra siamensis (Convallariaceae, Liliaceae s.l.) is newly described in this paper. This species is similar to C. chinensis (Baker) M.N. Tamura, S. Yun Liang & Turland, but differs from it in having numerous sessile leaves, longer white bracts, longer perianth tube and larger pistil.

Revision and Phylogeny of Agrostistachys and Chondrostylis (Euphorbiaceae)

Abstract: The genera Agrostistachys and Chondrostylis, subtribe Agrostistachydeae, have been revised. Chondrostylis comprises two species, C. bankana appears to be much more widespread than was assumed. Agrostistachys comprises six species, one of which is new ( (A. staminodiatus), while several species (e.g. A. intramarginalis and A. meeboldii) have been reduced to the now quite variable A. borneensis, formerly mainly known as. A. longifolia. A phylogenetic analysis of the subtribe Agrostistachydeae shows that all four genera (also Cyttaranthus and I Pseudagrostistachys) are monophyletic; however, the position of Agrostistachys is very weak and the genus may easily change to a paraphyletic group with the other genera nested in it. Even in spite of the weak support for Agrostistachys all genera are maintained in their present circumscription.

A note on the status of the enigmatic monotypic genus Adelosa (Labiatae)

Abstract: The type specimen of Adelosa microphilla Blume has been examined and the results compared with the morphology of several other genera within the Labiatae. On the basis of this comparison it was concluded that Adelosa microphilla is most likely to be synonymous with a species of Clerodendrum L.

Two new species of Sauropus (Euphorbiaceae) from Thailand, and a new combination

Abstract: Two new species of Sauropus are described, both endemic to Thailand. The two species have long, cauliflorous inflorescences. Sauropus discocalyx has very broad staminate flowers and S. thyrsiflorus has thyrsoid inflorescences with per node a single pistillate flower and cymes with staminate flowers. A new combination for Glochidion subterblancum C.E.C. Fisch. ( Breynia subterblancum (C.E.C. Fisch.) C.E.C. Fisch.) is made in Sauropus.

Parnassia (Parnassiaceae) in North Sumatra

Abstract: The Parnassia (Parnassiaceae) from Mt Leuser in N Sumatra, provisionally known as Parnassia aff. wightiana, is described as Parnassia procul.

Two new subspecies of Lasianthus inodorus (Rubiaceae) from Kinabalu, Borneo, and their biogeographical implication

Abstract: Two populations from Mount Kinabalu, Borneo, are recognised as two new subspecies of Lasianthus inodorus Blume (Rubiaceae), which occurs in montane habitats in mainland Southeast Asia, Sumatra and Java. The species and its subspecies are considered to compose a particular taxonomic group in the genus. Ecology and biogeography of the species group are discussed with the historical explanation of the tectonic history of Cenozoic Southeast Asia. The example strongly supports the concept of floristic connections between Malesia and mainland Southeast Asia.

A new species of Schizomeria (Cunoniaceae) from New Guinea

Abstract: Schizomeria carrii H.C. Hopkins, a new species from the Owen Stanley Mountains of Papua New Guinea, is described and illustrated.

Mallotus kongkandae (Euphorbiaceae), a new species from Thailand

Abstract: Mallotus kongkandae is a new species in section Rottlera. Typical are the ovate leaves, greenish glandular scales when dry, thick-walled fruits, and the seemingly caducous columella. The plant is endemic to northern Thailand.

A new species of Fittingia (Myrsinaceae) from New Guinea

Abstract: Fittingia grandiflora (Myrsinaceae), a new species from New Guinea, is described and illustrated. It is easily distinguished from its congeners by its relatively large flower and the highly united corolla.

Mitrephora simeuluensis (Annonaceae): A new species from Simeuluë, Indonesia

Abstract: A new species of Mitrephora is described from the swamp forests of Simeulue Island, north-west of Sumatra. Mitrephora simeuluensis, spec. nov., is most closely related to M. korthalsiana Miq.

Coelostegia montana, a new species of Bombacaceae from Borneo

Abstract: Coelostegia is a small Bombacaceae genus from western Malesia (Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo). Soegeng Reksodihardjo (1960), in his revision of the genus recognizes five species. Since Soegeng's work no attempt at a revision has been made and no new species have been described. Coelostegia and Durio are very difficult to distinguish by vegetative characters only. Flower and fruit characters are very important for species recognition. During field work in the Kayan Mentarang National Park, East Kalimantan, Indonesia, the author collected specimens of a Coelostegia-like plant that proved to be a new species. This species is described below.

Three Bornean species of Madhuca (Sapotaceae)

Abstract: Madhuca eriobrachyon P. Royen is sunk into M. borneensis P. Royen and this species is redescribed. Two species, M. primoplagensis and M. vulpina, are described.

Systematic leaf anatomy of Baccaurea, Distichirhops, and Nothobaccaurea (Euphorbiaceae)

Abstract: The leaf anatomical diversity of the genera Baccaurea Lour. (43 species), Distichirhops Haegens (3 species) and Nothobaccaurea Haegens (2 species) (Euphorbiaceae) is described. Two species of Aporosa and three species of Maesobotrya were examined for comparison. The following characters are important for the delimitation of species: hair types, the position of the glandular areas on the leaf margin, the hairiness and size of the glandular areas, the number of epidermal layers, the presence of (mucilage) idioblasts in the epidermis, the presence of palisade parenchyma above the vascular bundles, and the birefringence of the spongy parenchyma cell walls. However, leaf anatomy did not yield characters for distinction between the five genera studied. Phenetic analysis resulted in a grouping based on leaf anatomical similarities that corresponds to a large extent with the phylogenetic position of species based on a cladistic analysis of largely macromorphological features (Haegens, 2000).

A distinctive new Rhysotoechia (Sapindaceae) from Papua New Guinea

Abstract: A new Rhysotoechia, R. etmanii, was recently discovered during botanical surveys of the Crater Mt. Wildlife Management Area in Papua New Guinea.

Barringtonia Maunwongyathiae (Lecythidaceae): a new species from Thailand

Abstract: A new species from the Krabi Province, Thailand, Barringtonia maunwongyathiae W. Chuakul, is described and illustrated.

Margaritaria (Euphorbiaceae) in Malesia

Abstract: The genus Margaritaria is revised for Malesia. Two species are recognised, one of these including two forms.