Showing papers in "Canadian Geotechnical Journal in 1990"
TL;DR: In this paper, a new system based on normalized CPT data is proposed for evaluating soil type from electric cone penetration test (CPT) data, which is based on extensive data avail...
Abstract: Several charts exist for evaluating soil type from electric cone penetration test (CPT) data. A new system is proposed based on normalized CPT data. The new charts are based on extensive data avail...
911 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the frozen earth fundamentals of geocryology to read are presented, and the authors offer a new book to read that is enPDFd for the first time.
Abstract: Let's read! We will often find out this sentence everywhere. When still being a kid, mom used to order us to always read, so did the teacher. Some books are fully read in a week and we need the obligation to support reading. What about now? Do you still love reading? Is reading only for you who have obligation? Absolutely not! We here offer you a new book enPDFd the frozen earth fundamentals of geocryology to read.
292 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a laboratory investigation on the quicklime stabilization of sensitive clays has shown that significant strength increase can be obtained if enough water content above the liquid limit is added to the clays.
Abstract: A laboratory investigation on the quicklime stabilization of sensitive clays has shown that, even at a water content above the liquid limit, significant strength increase can be obtained if enough ...
261 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluate and document the hydrologic mechanisms leading to debris flow initiation and propose a hydrological model to mitigate the hazards posed by debris flows. But the authors do not consider the effects of debris flows on the environment.
Abstract: Mitigation of the hazards posed by debris flows requires an understanding of the mechanisms leading to their initiation. The objectives of this study were to evaluate and document the hydrologic re...
259 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an empirical model for predicting deposition of coarse-textured debris flows in confined mountain channels is developed based on field measurements of 14 debris flows and six sediment flows in the Pacific Northwest, U.S.A.
Abstract: An empirical model for predicting deposition of coarse-textured debris flows in confined mountain channels is developed based on field measurements of 14 debris flows in the Pacific Northwest, U.S.A. The model uses two criteria for deposition: channel slope (less than 3.5°) and tributary junction angle (greater than 70°). The model is tested by predicting travel distances of 15 debris flows in the Oregon Coast Range and six debris flows in the Washington Cascades, U.S.A. The model is further tested on 44 debris flows in two lithological types in the Oregon Coast Range using aerial photos and topographic maps; on these flows only the approximate travel distance is known. The model can be used by resource professionals to identify the potential for impacts from debris flows. Key words: debris flow, deposition, travel, erosion.
241 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of stress path on the steady state line of a liquefiable sand is investigated, and results from undrained triaxial compression and extension tests on water-deposited sands show that the stea...
Abstract: The effect of stress path on the steady state line of a liquefiable sand is investigated. Results from undrained triaxial compression and extension tests on water-deposited sands show that the stea...
181 citations
TL;DR: Soil-bentonite mixes are frequently used as impervious blankets in waste disposal projects as discussed by the authors, and numerous results of laboratory permeability tests are presented for sands containing up to 33% bentonite.
Abstract: Soil–bentonite mixes are frequently used as impervious blankets in waste disposal projects. Numerous results of laboratory permeability tests are presented for sands containing up to 33% bentonite....
175 citations
TL;DR: Several theories have been proposed to correlate the permeability (hydraulic conductivity) with the pore-size distribution of soils, and it seemed interesting to determine if these theories could b... as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Several theories have been proposed to correlate the permeability (hydraulic conductivity) with the pore-size distribution of soils, and it seemed interesting to determine if these theories could b...
171 citations
TL;DR: The evaluation of groundwater quality has become increasingly important as more industrial waste and solid domestic refuse come into contact with groundwater as mentioned in this paper, and one method of detecting contaminated groundwater has been proposed.
Abstract: The evaluation of groundwater quality has become increasingly important as more industrial waste and solid domestic refuse come into contact with groundwater. One method of detecting contaminated g...
146 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an energy method for assessing the liquefaction potential of granular soils was developed based on laboratory tests and observational data obtained in past major earthquakes, using cyclic triaxial and cyclic cyclic...
Abstract: An energy method for assessing liquefaction potential of granular soils was developed based on laboratory tests and observational data obtained in past major earthquakes. Cyclic triaxial and cyclic...
138 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that geostatistics can help in finding the structure of the spatial variability of the undrained shear strength within a clay deposit, and they use this information to estimate the strength of the shear.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to show that geostatistics can help in finding the structure of the spatial variability of the undrained shear strength within a clay deposit. The site under study, B-6...
TL;DR: In this paper, the inner-soil cylinder develops sufficient resistance to prevent further soil intrusion and the pile becomes "plugged" during installation of open-pipe piles, where soil enters the pile until the innersoil cylinders develop sufficient resistance.
Abstract: During installation of open-pipe piles, soil enters the pile until the inner-soil cylinder develops sufficient resistance to prevent further soil intrusion and the pile becomes "plugged." In spite ...
TL;DR: In this article, a hollow cylinder torsional shear apparatus is described for investigating soil behavior under generalized stress paths, including principal stress rotations, and characalacians.
Abstract: A new hollow cylinder torsional shear apparatus is described. The apparatus is suitable for investigating soil behaviour under generalized stress paths, including principal stress rotations, charac...
TL;DR: In this paper, seven series of tests have been performed on specimens from five natural soft clay sites to determine the variation of the vertical and horizontal permeabilities when the soil is unidimensionally compressed.
Abstract: Seven series of tests have been performed on specimens from five natural soft clay sites to determine the variation of the vertical and horizontal permeabilities when the soil is unidimensionally compressed. The results show that the permeability anisotropy does not increase significantly with compression up to strains of 25% for marine clays. In varved clays, mostly because the clay laminae are more compressible than the silty laminae, the anisotropy increases with vertical compression. Key words: permeability, clay, anisotropy, laboratory, compression.
TL;DR: In this article, a systematic analysis of the undrained stress-strain behavior of clay under irregular cyclic simple shear loading is presented, and seven specimens of an offshore clay consolidated to overconsolidation are presented.
Abstract: A systematic analysis of the undrained stress–strain behavior of clay under irregular cyclic simple shear loading is presented. Seven specimens of an offshore clay consolidated to overconsolidation...
TL;DR: The Underground Research Laboratory access shaft was excavated from the surface to about the 185m depth in jointed pink granite as discussed by the authors, and the shaft was then excavated in mass to the 443m depth.
Abstract: The Underground Research Laboratory access shaft was excavated from the surface to about the 185 m depth in jointed pink granite. Below this depth to the 443 m depth the shaft was excavated in mass...
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of embedment, base diameter, and backfill density on the uplift behavior of piles with enlarged bases embedded in sand was investigated in a centrifuge.
Abstract: The influence of embedment, base diameter, and backfill density on the uplift behaviour of piles with enlarged bases embedded in sand was investigated in a centrifuge. Comparitive tests on straight...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the relationship between the toppling mass movement process and the deep-seated landslides; specifically, whether the landslides represent a limiting condition of the deformation process.
Abstract: Evidence of large-scale toppling deformation has been reported in association with deep-seated landslides affecting mountain slopes along the Beaver River valley, Glacier National Park, British Columbia, Canada. A study has been undertaken to quantitatively investigate the relationship between the toppling mass movement process and the deep-seated landslides; specifically, whether the landslides represent a limiting condition of the toppling process. This is the first of two papers that describe the study. Methods of toppling analysis, including limit-equilibrium, finite-element, and distinct-element methods, are critically reviewed. The distinct-element method emerges as the best technique for modelling both block and flexural modes of toppling. The method is verified by modelling three examples of toppling: a theoretical block topple, a physical model of flexural toppling, and an engineered slope from the Brenda mine near Peachland, British Columbia. The results demonstrate that the Universal Distinct E...
TL;DR: Yin and Graham as mentioned in this paper discussed a discussion of a paper by the same title which appeared in Vol. 26, No. 2, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, pp 199-209.
Abstract: This is a discussion of a paper by the same title which appeared in Vol. 26, No. 2, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, pp 199-209. The authors of the original paper are J.-H. Yin and J. Graham. For an abstract of the original paper see TRIS 485404.
TL;DR: Ongoing geological and geotechnical investigations are under way for two sites in Ferland, Quebec, where sand boil deposits, ground fissures, and liquefaction-related damage to homes were documente...
Abstract: Ongoing geological and geotechnical investigations are under way for two sites in Ferland, Quebec, where sand boil deposits, ground fissures, and liquefaction-related damage to homes were documente...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors attributed unsatisfactory performance of earth and rock-fill dams involving excessive seepage, piping or failure to hydrofracture of the core of the dams.
Abstract: Unsatisfactory performance of earth and rock-fill dams involving excessive seepage, piping or failure has been attributed to hydrofracture of the core. Although the phenomenon has been reported for...
TL;DR: An experimental investigation of diffusive transport of a nonreactive solute (chloride) in saturated, intact Queenston Shale is described in this article, where the authors used Fickian diffusion theory to deduce the diffusion coefficient.
Abstract: An experimental investigation of diffusive transport of a nonreactive solute (chloride) in saturated, intact Queenston Shale is described. Laboratory tests were performed by placing distilled water in contact with samples of shale having a high initial concentration of chloride in their pore water. Chloride was then permitted to diffuse out of the shale and into the distilled water reservoir for a period of up to 65 days. At the end of each test, the shale sample was sectioned to determine the variation in chloride pore-water concentration with depth through the sample. Fickian diffusion theory was then used to deduce the diffusion coefficient (D). The experimental diffusion coefficient for chloride at a temperature of 22 ± 1 °C ranged from 1.4 × 10−6 to 1.6 × 10−6 cm2/s, which corresponds to a tortuosity (τ) ranging from 0.095 to 0.108. Based on pore size measurements and consideration of the ionic diameter of hydrated chloride, the "effective porosity" available for chloride diffusion is estimated to be...
TL;DR: In this article, first-order trends between measured penetration pore-water stresses (ut and ubt) and corrected cone-tip resistance (qT) were investigated in 83 clay sites.
Abstract: Piezocone data from 83 clay sites are reviewed to investigate first-order trends between measured penetration pore-water stresses (ut and ubt) and corrected cone-tip resistance (qT). It is shown that the presence of fissures in clay deposits and of fissured crusts significantly affects the pore water stress response. Commercially available piezocones primarily favor the location of the porous element either (1) on the cone tip or face (ut) or (2) just behind the tip (ubt). The former (ut) provides optimal profiling while the latter (ubt) is required for correcting measured cone-tip resistances for pore-water stress effects acting on unequal areas of the cone. The available data indicate that qT predominantly reflects penetration pore-water stresses (ut) with measured ratios of ut/qT on the cone face averaging in the order of 0.73 for most intact clays, 0.64 specifically for Leda clays, and 0.46 for fissured clays. Behind the cone tip, the ratio of ubt/qT averages about 0.53 for intact clays, 0.58 specific...
TL;DR: In this paper, heavy rainfall during a January 1983 storm triggered numerous debris avalanches and associated debris torrents in the Smith Creek basin, western Whatcom County, Washington, United States.
Abstract: Heavy rainfall during a January 1983 storm triggered numerous debris avalanches and associated debris torrents in the Smith Creek basin, western Whatcom County, Washington, United States. Four clas...
TL;DR: One-dimensional constant end plate temperature (step freezing) tests were conducted on a saturated clayey silt at various pore-water salinities to establish the relationship between solute rejectio...
Abstract: One-dimensional constant end plate temperature (step freezing) tests were conducted on a saturated clayey silt at various pore-water salinities to establish the relationship between solute rejectio...
TL;DR: In this paper, the stiffness constants and flexibility coefficients of single piles and interaction factors are presented to facilitate the analysis of pile groups subjected to static vertical loads and a continuous tra...
Abstract: Stiffness constants and flexibility coefficients of single piles and interaction factors are presented to facilitate the analysis of pile groups subjected to static vertical loads. A continuous tra...
TL;DR: The lateral soil pressures, bending moments, pile displacements at ground surface, and bearing capacity of instrumented vertical single flexible model piles in homogeneous loose sand and soft clay are analyzed in this paper.
Abstract: The lateral soil pressures, bending moments, pile displacements at ground surface, and bearing capacity of instrumented vertical single flexible model piles in homogeneous loose sand and soft clay ...
TL;DR: Although the literature provides a reasonable range of information concerning the fracture toughness of relatively hard rocks, there is virtually no data for saturated soft rocks of uniaxial compre... as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Although the literature provides a reasonable range of information concerning the fracture toughness of relatively hard rocks, there is virtually no data for saturated soft rocks of uniaxial compre...