Showing papers in "Caries Research in 1978"
147 citations
TL;DR: Chemical analysis and the appearance of developing enamel from deciduous bovine incisors have distinguished four stages during the process of development: secretion of soft, translucent, partially transparent enamel.
Abstract: Chemical analysis and the appearance of developing enamel from deciduous bovine incisors have distinguished four stages during the process of development: (1) secretion of soft, translucent, partially
96 citations
TL;DR: After 2 years, the mean DMFS increments in the C, Pl, F and CXF groups were 6.3, 5.3 and 2.9, respectively, and the percentage of subjects with bleedingibular gingival units examined in different groups had changed from initial to final value.
Abstract: A total of 164 schoolchildren, aged 11–15 years with high DMF scores was divided into 4 groups. Subjects of the CXF group brushed their teeth after school lunch and rinsed their mouths with a solution containing 0.05% chlorhexidine gluconate + 0.044% NaF in succinic acid/NaOH buffer, pH 5.9. The F group had 0.044% NaF in the buffer. The PI group used a placebo solution and the C group served as the basic control. Respective nonabrasive toothpaste preparations were used in the evenings and twice a day during weekends and the holidays. After 2 years, the mean DMFS increments in the C, Pl, F and CXF groups were 6.3, 5.1, 4.3 and 2.9, respectively. The percentage of subjects with bleeding vestibular gingival units examined in different groups had changed from initial to final value as follows: C, 40–63; PI, 50–49; F, 71–47 and CXF, 63–14.
83 citations
76 citations
TL;DR: The similarity between A. viscosus serotype II and A. naeslundii has been noted by several workers and is likely to be related to many common physiological characteristics.
Abstract: The similarity between A. viscosus serotype II and A. naeslundii has been noted by several workers. Apart from many common physiological characteristics, antigeni
71 citations
TL;DR: Using specific antisera to the proline-rich proteins A and C, a quantitative assay has been developed for human acidic prolines by adding varying amounts of hydroxyapatite to a given vol.
Abstract: Using specific antisera to the proline-rich proteins A and C, a quantitative assay has been developed for human acidic proline-rich proteins. By adding varying amounts of hydroxyapatite to a given vol
60 citations
TL;DR: The plasma fluoride concentration in 15 subjects living in three different districts with 9.6, 1.2 and 0.25 ppm fluoride in the drinking water, was followed over 36 h to study the effects of fluoride in drinking water.
Abstract: The plasma fluoride concentration in 15 subjects living in three different districts with 9.6, 1.2 and 0.25 ppm fluoride in the drinking water, was followed over 36 h. In the 9.6-ppm-fluoride area the
59 citations
TL;DR: The symbiosis of two Streptococcus mutans strains differing in carbohydrate metabolism, and a strain of Veillonella alcalescens was studied in dental plaque in mice.
Abstract: The symbiosis of two Streptococcus mutans strains differing in carbohydrate metabolism, and a strain of Veillonella alcalescens was studied in dental plaque in gn
55 citations
TL;DR: The study covered 515 children, aged 4 years and 1 month at the time of examination, selected from a total sample of about 1,600 individuals from two limited areas in southern Sweden.
Abstract: The study covered 515 children, aged 4 years and 1 month at the time of examination, selected from a total sample of about 1,600 individuals from two limited areas in southern Sweden. The investigatio
51 citations
TL;DR: This study showed that infants being fed commercially prepared formulas may be receiving fluoride in excess of recommended optimal daily dosages, and although the infant appears to possess a tolerance to high levels of fluoride, no supplemental fluoride appears to be necessary.
Abstract: The fluoride content of human milk, cow’s milk products, and commercially available infant formulas was assessed using a fluoride-ion-specific electrode in conjunction with a reference electrode. Bound fluoride fractions were measured in the same manner following application of a microdiffusion technique. This study showed that infants being fed commercially prepared formulas may be receiving fluoride in excess of recommended optimal daily dosages. Although the infant appears to possess a tolerance to high levels of fluoride, no supplemental fluoride appears to be necessary for infants up to 6 months of age.
45 citations
TL;DR: Sorbitol, maltitol and Lycasin® were fermented at a significantly slower rate than glucose, sucrose and invert sugar, and no acid production was found from mannitol and xylitol.
Abstract: A method for the determination of acid production in suspensions of 5–10 mg (wet weight) of human dental plaque is described. With this method it was possible to investigate the fermentability of up to 10–15 substances with plaque material from one subject. The amount of alkali required per unit of time to keep pH constant was followed by an automatic recording titration system. Sorbitol, maltitol and Lycasin® were fermented at a significantly slower rate than glucose, sucrose and invert sugar. No acid production was found from mannitol and xylitol. The acid production activity with fructose was on average 21% lower than that from glucose. However, this difference was not statistically well established (p
TL;DR: This report describes a clinical study carried out to compare the cariesinhibiting effect of the unsupervised home use of a sodium-monofluorophosphate-calcium-carbonate-based toothpaste formulation.
Abstract: This report describes a clinical study carried out to compare the cariesinhibiting effect of the unsupervised home use of a sodium-monofluorophosphate-calcium-carbonate-based toothpaste formulation an
TL;DR: Saline, as well as detergent-soluble, phosphomonoesterase activity was quantitatively assayed from freeze-dried dentine in sound and carious human teeth.
Abstract: Saline, as well as detergent-soluble, phosphomonoesterase activity was quantitatively assayed from freeze-dried dentine in sound and carious human teeth. The activity was measured from 10-mg samples o
TL;DR: Only the more intimately associated FHA was found to affect the rate of acid dissolution of HA and its level of formation and the reduction in acid dissolution rate of HA were both found to be linearly related to the logarithm of the ionic fluoride level in the treatment solution following 1 min. pretreatment.
Abstract: Hydroxyapatite (HA) discs were treated for 1 min with fluoride solutions of varying concentrations and pH. The calcium fluoride and fluoridated hydroxyapatite (FHA) formed were analysed independently of each other following their separation in molar potassium hydroxide. Only the more intimately associated FHA was found to affect the rate of acid dissolution of HA and its level of formation and the reduction in acid dissolution rate of HA were both found to be linearly related to the logarithm of the ionic fluoride level in the treatment solution following 1 min. pretreatment. The benefit of using acidulated fluoride treatment of enamel is questioned as neutral fluoride treatments of enamel mineral resulted in equivalent protection.
TL;DR: Cellular fatty acids and extractable intact lipids of five strains of Streptococcus mutans grown on chemically defined medium were studied and consisted mainly of diglucosyldiglycerides accompanied in lesser amounts by the monoglucosyl analog.
Abstract: Cellular fatty acids and extractable intact lipids of five strains of Streptococcus mutans grown on chemically defined medium were studied. The fatty acids were characterized by the predominance of the C16:0 and C18:1 components as well as traces of cyclopropane acids. The neutral lipids showed the presence of glycerides and the isoprenoids squalene and ficaprenol. The glycolipids consisted mainly of diglucosyldiglycerides accompanied in lesser amounts by the monoglucosyl analog. The phospholipids included, in addition to cardiolipin and phosphatidylglycerol as the major constituents, phosphatidylcholine. This fraction was also found to contain the sugar and sugar phosphate derivatives of ficaprenol.
TL;DR: Gas-liquid chromatographic analyses were performed on acids in plaque from groups of monkeys fed a cariogenic diet in which sucrose was supplemented with pyridoxine, phytate or replaced by invert suga.
Abstract: Gas-liquid chromatographic analyses were performed on acids in plaque from groups of monkeys fed a cariogenic diet in which sucrose was supplemented with pyridoxine, phytate or replaced by invert suga
TL;DR: Data on the microflora of ten natural occlusal fissures implanted for 200–270 days in lower molars of dental students is presented.
Abstract: As a part of our investigations on fissure plaque, the present study presents data on the microflora of ten natural occlusal fissures implanted for 200–270 days in lower molars of dental students. No
TL;DR: The exterior surface and the outer part of broken or cut surfaces regularly showed evidence of in vivo decalcification and the inner parts of fluorosed enamel showed remarkably well shaped crystallites with a width about three times larger than sound enamel.
Abstract: This scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study summarizes observations made on 6 fluorosed, erupted human permanent teeth. As controls, normal permanent teeth were employed. The exterior surface of the fluorosed teeth as well as outer and inner parts of enamel surfaces obtained by breaking were studied without or following short treatment with citric acid. The exterior surface and the outer part of broken or cut surfaces regularly showed evidence of in vivo decalcification. Central defects in the c-axis direction of enamel crystallites were seen in non-acid-treated exterior surfaces. The outer part of broken, non-treated as well as polished surfaces displayed a highly variable pattern of dissolution, in which areas immediately surrounding prism sheath markings appeared particularly resistant. The basic texture in such areas was described as of a sintered nature, in which no structures akin to normal crystallites could be identified. The inner part of similarly prepared surfaces displayed a rather regular, but still more porous than normal, appearance. Central defects in the crystallites in the inner parts of fluorosed enamel were only seen after in vitro acid treatment. In broken, non-treated surfaces the inner parts showed remarkably well shaped crystallites with a width about three times larger than sound enamel.
TL;DR: Crystallographic changes of the surface layer of synthetic hydroxyapatite pellets dissolved in acetate buffer (pH 4.0) were investigated by X-ray diffraction in both agitated and nonagitated systems.
Abstract: Crystallographic changes of the surface layer of synthetic hydroxyapatite pellets dissolved in acetate buffer (pH 4.0) were investigated by X-ray diffraction. In both agitated and nonagitated systems,
TL;DR: The experimental licorice proved to be relatively well fermentable by both S. mutans and the plaque-saliva mixture, and of its ingredients the polysaccharides showed to be most acidogenic, gum arabic, xylitol and a protein derivative producing very little acid.
Abstract: Acid production from an experimental, nonsugar licorice, its separate constituents and some other foodstuffs was measured in bacterial suspensions. A strain of Streptococcus mutans and a fresh, pooled plaque-saliva mixture were used to test the fermentability of the substrates. The experimental licorice proved to be relatively well fermentable by both S. mutans and the plaque-saliva mixture. Of its ingredients the polysaccharides showed to be most acidogenic, gum arabic, xylitol and a protein derivative producing very little acid. Sorbitol showed a slight acid production in the plaque-saliva medium. In this medium, hydrogenated potato starch exhibited a relatively high degradability. S. mutans precultured on sorbitol and hydrogenated potato starch showed a considerably reduced capacity to ferment glucose. Telemetry of interdental plaque pH showed a critical drop after consumption of the experimental licorice, i. e. to pH 5.
TL;DR: A clinical trial has been carried out with 0.76% sodium monofluorophosphate in a calcium carbonate base dentifrice and the regular use of the MFP dentif rice resulted in significantly lower caries.
Abstract: A clinical trial has been carried out with 0.76% sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP) in a calcium carbonate base dentifrice. The regular use of the MFP dentifrice resulted in significantly lower caries i
TL;DR: Fermentation products produced from endogenous intracellular polysaccharide and from exogenous glucose were investigated in non-growing cell suspensions of Streptococcus mutans strain C180-2 and its mutant A14 and, in addition to lactic acid, ethanol and acetic acid were formed.
Abstract: Fermentation products produced from endogenous intracellular polysaccharide and from exogenous glucose were investigated in non-growing cell suspensions of Streptococcus mutans strain C180-2 and its mutant A14, which lacked the ability to produce intracellular iodophilic polysaccharide. In the presence of excess exogenous glucose, S. mutans produces almost exclusively lactic acid. However, when exogenous glucose was limiting, the iodophilic polysaccharide was degraded and, in addition to lactic acid, ethanol and acetic acid were formed.