Showing papers in "Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering in 2022"

TL;DR: In this article , the importance of the fabrication of nano-enabled protective gear, masks, gloves, sheets, filtration units, nano-emulsified disinfectants, antiviral/bacterial paints, and therangostics to facilitate quarantine strategies via protection, detection, and treatment needed to manage COVID-19 pandemic in personalized manners.

TL;DR: In this article , a review identifies some of the latest antimicrobial strategies while paying particular attention to emerging antimicrobial biomaterials and nature-inspired antimicrobial surface topographies, which are rapidly finding application in the fabrication of biomedical engineering constructs.

TL;DR: In this paper , a comprehensive and in-depth view of the effect of fiber alignment on enhanced wound healing is provided, and applicable points in material selection for wound dressings are pinpointed.

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors discuss implantable cardiovascular devices (ICVDs)-associated biofilm infections that have caused huge healthcare challenges, and their treatment not only has caused serious threats to human health, but also imposed an exorbitant cost on communities worldwide.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors present novel strategies to prevent bacterial infections by means of Electrophoretic deposition focusing on relevant published studies in the last two years and provide a critical reflection on future prospects of EPD-based biomedical coatings.

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors present a review of emerging antimicrobial areas: nanostructured surfaces/nanoparticles, polymer conformations, and two-dimensional antibacterial nanomaterials.

TL;DR: Antimicrobial polymer composites have long been utilized in the healthcare field as part of the first line of defense as mentioned in this paper and are desirable in that they pose a minimal risk of developing contagions with antibiotic resistance.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors highlight recent advances in combining hydrogels as a matrix and plasmonic nanoparticles as sensing elements, and highlight the end capability and diversity of these novel biosensors in different applications in the near future.

TL;DR: The authors found that repeated moderate blasts induce similar neurological changes as a single moderate blast, whereas repeated low-level blasts show a trend of neuropathological changes similar to single moderate blasts.

TL;DR: In this paper , the influence of such coatings on the biological characteristics of the NiTi is illustrated, and much work needs to be done before clinical use of coated-NiTi.

TL;DR: In this article , a review of computational and mathematical biomechanical models of fibrin network deformation and contraction at different spatio-temporal scales as well as challenges in developing and calibrating multiscale models are discussed.

TL;DR: In this paper , a short review of the challenges for design and evaluation of antimicrobial surfaces is presented, where the authors consider the problem of microbial interspecies interactions and suggest a path forward for in vitro testing taking these complexities into account during research and development.

TL;DR: A review of the current issues of haptic feedback through peripheral nerve stimulation for upper extremity prostheses can be found in this article , where the authors introduce state-of-the-art feedback approaches that can evoke comprehensive sensory feedback, such as stick-slip, slippage, texture, proprioception, enhanced embodiment, and high-resolution submodalities, primarily through invasive peripheral nerve interfaces.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors present the recent developments and the state-of-the-art in developing surface functionalized Titanium (Ti) through different processing routes with a brief discussion on the limitations and the potential of these techniques.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors provide a summarized insight into the recent past and predict the future of electrospun nanofibers as intelligent systems for biomedical applications, including tissue engineering, localized therapy, wound dressing, and drug delivery.

TL;DR: In this article , a review mainly focuses on recent developments in the design of biocompatible and self-antibacterial titanium surfaces through surface modifications, and their implications on the in-vitro and invivo biological responses have been highlighted.

TL;DR: The potential of copper and copper-derived materials in combating antimicrobial resistance and efficiently reducing infections in clinical settings was highlighted in this article , highlighting the potential uses of metallic and ionic copper, copper alloys, copper nanostructures, and copper composites as antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral agents, including those against the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

TL;DR: Recently, there has been a major uptick in the research and clinical development of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) due to human PSC's unique properties of unlimited self-renewal and their potential to differentiate into cell types representative of all three germ layers as discussed by the authors .

TL;DR: In this paper , a review delineates some of the major immunosuppressive barriers within the tumor microenvironment (TME) that ultimately neutralize the antitumor function of adoptively transferred T cells.

TL;DR: In this article , the use of the finite element (FE) method to simulate traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been an area under development and research for many years, where the aim is to accurately reproduce and evaluate the resulting brain damage that would otherwise be inaccessible.

TL;DR: The kidney is one of the most important organs for maintaining body fluid homeostasis and excretion of metabolic wastes, and 3D biofabrication of kidney tissue is an extremely challenging task as mentioned in this paper .

TL;DR: Primary tumor cultures are proposed to efficiently screen multiple treatment options in a patient-specific strategy to maximize therapeutic benefit, minimize toxicity, and enable mechanistic insights that inspire future biomarkers for patient selection.

TL;DR: Magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) are extremely versatile tools in bioengineering and medicine with diverse uses ranging from magnetic resonance contrast agents to drug delivery vehicles as mentioned in this paper , and have been adapted to target and regulate cell signalling pathways for control of cell behaviour.

TL;DR: In this article , the effects of curvature and orientation on bactericidal performance on 3D nanostructured surfaces were investigated using hydrothermal synthesis, and the results showed that 3D surfaces were 91% more efficient at resisting Staphylococcus aureus adhesion compared to 2D surfaces, and cells that did attach were killed with the same or higher efficiency after 1 and 3 h exposure to 3D surface.

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors used UV light emitting diodes (LED) to treat root canal walls, in small crevices deep in the apical third of the tooth and in dentine tubules to preserve health and healing of periapical tissues.

TL;DR: A review on the current trends in the antimicrobial strategies to tackle antimicrobial resistance (AMR), the definitions of the terminologies used in the current disease treatment strategies, and the testing standards used in antimicrobial activity, which serve as a useful tool to understand the interplay between the diseases and the emerging terms used by the researchers as discussed by the authors .

TL;DR: In this article , the authors summarize the use of smart biomaterials and the methodologies to apply either internal or external stimuli to control the tissue healing microenvironment to influence the local environment towards osteogenesis and de novo tissue formation.

TL;DR: In this paper , primary tumor cultures are proposed to efficiently screen multiple treatment options in a patient-specific strategy to maximize therapeutic benefit, minimize toxicity, and enable mechanistic insights that inspire future biomarkers for patient selection.

TL;DR: Label-free optical imaging and sensing, including multiphoton microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and low-cost methods such as phase and transmitted light microscopy can provide rapid, repeatable, and non-invasive monitoring of stem cells throughout cell differentiation and maturation as discussed by the authors .