Showing papers in "Current Opinion in Toxicology in 2023"

TL;DR: A human-based holistic approach to chemical safety assessment, based on an in-silico description of human biology, the derivation of the adverse outcome pathway network from that description, its translation into batteries of in vitro and in silico assays to monitor critical key events in the pathway network, and the integration of the results by modern computational tools to predict health effects as discussed by the authors .

TL;DR: The early life-stage zebrafish model is a valuable tool for high-throughput screening (HTS) for toxicity of complex chemical mixtures due to its rapid development, high fecundity, and superb sensitivity to chemical insult as mentioned in this paper .

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors address dose levels, administration route and species as an inadequate selection of these critical study parameters that reduces the usefulness of new studies and may hamper the identification of substances as developmental toxicants.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors proposed that early exposure to bad air quality can increase the susceptibility to non-communicable disease (NCD) across lifespan and that reducing air pollution should be considered a public health police to prevent and manage NCD.

TL;DR: A review of the state-of-the-art in the application of in vitro and in silico based new approach methodologies (NAMs) to study these microbiome-host interactions in a non-invasive way and without the need for the use of animal or human studies is provided in this paper .

TL;DR: In this article , the authors identify four requisite training areas including hands-on technical skills, scientific knowledge, management, and oral/written communications for preclinical developmental and reproductive toxicology testing (DART).

TL;DR: In this article , a review summarizes the current research on the effects of in utero arsenic exposure on T cell development, their functional competence and discusses their importance in understanding the mechanisms of immunotoxicity, the challenges and future directions.

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors provide a brief overview of three main approaches for assessing effects of chemical mixtures on human health, such as experimental or theoretical component-based or whole mixture studies.

TL;DR: In this article , a review summarizes the key characteristics of developmental toxicity referring the concept of "Signal toxicity", which is a type of toxicity where a chemical binds to a receptor and/or modulates the levels of its endogenous ligands.

TL;DR: A review of recent research in the application of PBPK modeling to chemical mixtures, focusing on the previous three years, can be found in this paper , where both isozyme-specific modeling of drug-drug interactions and modeling of complex environmental mixtures are discussed.

TL;DR: In this article , the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) network is used to evaluate EDC-induced reproductive toxicity in both humans and animals, and the principles for establishing an AOP network, present widely used software and toolboxes for constructing an OP network, and discuss a few successful cases of reproductive toxicity induced by EDCs.

TL;DR: In this paper , a review of recent advancements in toxicology and exposure science and their implications for the Hazard Index (HI) is presented. But, despite the popularity of the HI, it has limitations: the widespread lack of data required to use the tool; the inability to deal with synergy and potentiation; and inability to quantitatively predict the probability of specific adverse effects.

TL;DR: The highest mean total daily B exposure (DBE) levels in mining areas or processing plants of China and Türkiye were 41.2 and 47.17 mg/day respectively as mentioned in this paper .

TL;DR: For example, the teleost zebrafish and the amphibian Xenopus whole embryo developmental toxicological tests appear evolutionary closer to humans than invertebrates and produce more useful data for human health extrapolation as mentioned in this paper .

TL;DR: In this paper , a review describes recent advances in determining sufficient similarity of whole, complex mixtures spanning the comparison of chemical features, bioactivity profiles, and statistical evaluation to determine thresholds of similarity.

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors consider the problem of distinguishing between similar and dissimilar modes of action in mixtures of substances and show that it is difficult to decide whether substances in a mixture have similar or dissimilar mechanisms.