Showing papers in "Geografisk Tidsskrift-danish Journal of Geography in 1996"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an updating of the Danish part of the EU soil map according to the FAO 1990 legend, which is based on a slightly revised FAO 1974 legend.
Abstract: Danish Journal of Geography 96: 51–59, 1996. In the first half of the 1990's, a comprehensive EU soil database was established comprising the EU soil map from 1985 published at scale 1:1.000.000, soil attributes and a soil analytical database. The EU soil map was based on a slightly revised FAO 1974 legend. In 1990 FAO published a revised legend to Soil Map of the World, and based on this system Central and Eastern Europe are now constructing soil maps at scale 1:1.000.000. In order to harmonize these soil maps, an updating of the EU soil map is necessary according to the FAO 1990 legend. The present paper describes the updating of the Danish part of the EU soil map.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors have shown the existence of small, but distinct moraine systems, indicating the former occurrence of glaciers in the Faroe Islands. Andersen et al. found that the largest glaciers were located in cirques facing NE, while the smallest were located on the opposite side of the island facing SW, and the equilibrium line altitude was at 200-350 m a.s.
Abstract: Danish Journal of Geography 96: 21–31, 1996. Geomorphological investigations on the Faroe Islands have shown the existence of small, but distinct moraine systems, indicating the former occurrence of glaciers. At least two glacial events may be distinguished: an older characterised by valley glaciers 2–4 km long, and a younger characterised by small cirque glaciers. Dating (14C) indicates that the youngest moraines are older than 5,200 yr. BP. During the two glacial events the largest glaciers were located in cirques facing NE, while the smallest were located in cirques facing SW. During the two glacial events equilibrium line altitude was at 200–350 m a.s.l. and 300–450 m a.s.l., respectively. Glaciers of intermediate size were found in cirques facing NW and SE. This pattern is interpreted as being caused by strong snow drift from SW and W. The temperature and precipitation values during the glacial events are discussed with reference to measured meteorological conditions at modern glaciers.
19 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focused on the types of enterprises found in five low-income neighbourhoods in the intermediate sized city of Pereira, Colombia, and argued that it is necessary not only to recognise the importance of home-based enterprises for the economies of low income households, but also to consider how these enterprises vary between households and over time.
Abstract: Danish Journal of Geography 96: 95–102, 1996. It is now widely recognised that low-income households in Third World cities often use their homes not only as a means of shelter, but also as a source of income. This paper focuses on the types of enterprises found in five low-income neighbourhoods in the intermediate sized city of Pereira, Colombia. It is argued that it is necessary not only to recognise the importance of home-based enterprises for the economies of low-income households, but also to consider how these enterprises vary between households and over time. As the nature of both individual household circumstances and of neighbourhoods alter over time, so do the types and number of home-based enterprises operating.
10 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a net budget for fine-grained sediment (<63 μm) has been computed for the Konigshafen tidal area; a small tidal bay covering an area of some 4 km2, located in the Wadden Sea at the north-eastern end of Sylt.
Abstract: Danish Journal of Geography 96: 1–10, 1996. A net budget for fine-grained sediment (<63 μm) has been computed for the Konigshafen tidal area; a small tidal bay covering an area of some 4 km2, located in the Wadden Sea at the north-eastern end of Sylt. The net budget for fine-grained sediment has been separated into the following sediment sources: (1) Supply from the North Sea, (2) Salt marsh erosion, (3) biological primary production and (4) atmospheric deposition. The total net accumulation within the area has been calculated by geomorphological mapping combined with estimates of fine-grained accumulation rates determined from 210Pb core dating. The net accumulation was calculated to 1400 t/y based on 210Pb dating. The salt marsh erosion is measured to supply 16% of this sediment, and from literature studies primary production and atmospheric deposition are estimated to supply 7% and 1%, respectively. The remaining 76% between the three above mentioned sediment sources and the total net accumula...
6 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the main points of the climate during 1995 were summarized and the use of the general term "concentrational agriculture" for the two forms is advocated by demonstrating that functional substitution of one by the other is possible, and by showing that the one type theoretically can be derived from the other.
Abstract: In October 1990 an automatic meteorological station was established at the Arctic Station (69°15'N, 53°31'W), Qeqertarsuaq (Godhavn), Central West Greenland, The station register parameters each 20 min, and the parameters have been described in an earlier paper in this journal by Nielsen et al. (1995). The present paper summarises main points of the climate during 1995. Concentrational agriculture, defined as types of agriculture based on local concentration of plant nutrients, encompasses two main types: shifting cultivation and infield-outfield systems. They may ecologically be characterised by their mode of concentration: either by a vertical or a horisontal transfer (‘pumping’) of nutrients, respectively. The use of the general term ‘concentrational agriculture’ for the two forms is advocated by demonstrating that functional substitution of one by the other is possible, and by showing that the one type theoretically can be derived from the other. Historically, infield-outfield systems are supposed to ...
5 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the geology of soils has been studied in the tundra of the sandy Kolyma Lowland between latitudes 69 ° and 70 ° N. The chemical composition reflects a general sequence of pedogenetic translocation processes.
Abstract: Danish Journal of Geography 96: 40–50, 1996. The Geography of soils has been studied in the tundra of the sandy Kolyma Lowland between latitudes 69 ° and 70 ° N. Generally, soils show characteristics indicative of variable intensity of previous fossil Podzol formation in the present day cryoturbated active layer. Hence, the transformation, transfer and segregation of chemical substances in the soil profile can be interpreted as evidence of palaeo-climate changes. Fossil soil features indicate horizon differentiating processes active in a former warmer and wetter climate. The chemical composition reflects a general sequence of pedogenetic translocation processes. Early stages of soil formation primarily involved translocation of weathering products from a carbonic acid weathering system. Inorganic Al-Fe silicate and phosphate materials were translocated into B horizons as the A horizon became more acid. At a later stage the increasing activity of simple organic acids in the A horizons caused a mig...
5 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the anatomy of spatial industrial development in Denmark by examining the movements in labour, gross domestic product at factor cost, capital stock, labour and capital productivity and the capital-labour ratio is used as an indicator of technological change.
Abstract: Danish Journal of Geography 96: 70–80, 1996. This paper deals with regional productivity and strategies of technological change in the manufacturing sector, especially concerning the Copenhagen Metropolitan Area. The development is explained within the framework of the French Regulationist School using the metal product industry as a case. The anatomy of spatial industrial development in Denmark is examined by examining the movements in labour, gross domestic product at factor cost, capital stock, labour and capital productivity and the capital-labour ratio is used as an indicator of technological change. The major argument is that technological change does not advance to productivity gains because of difficulties in adopting and implementing technological change into firms and society.
4 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a case study from the southern highlands of Tanzania is presented to illustrate how the agricultural system has changed within a period from the mid-1950s to the early 1990s in response to both endogenous and exogenous forces.
Abstract: Danish Journal of Geography 96: 60–69, 1996. The objective of this paper is through a case study from the southern highlands of Tanzania, to illustrate how the agricultural system has changed within a period from the mid-1950s to the early 1990s in response to both endogenous and exogenous forces. The focus is primarily on the latest response at village level to the liberalization process within the agricultural sector in the early 1990s. New methods, by which remote sensing data from high resolution sensors are used as primary input, are analysed in relation to monitoring and to evaluate rapid land use changes.
4 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an energy balance model is established in the frame of a raster-based GIS for demonstrating the significance of surrounding topography, on components in the energy balance, and the volumes found shows good correspondance with volumes calculated from empiric formulas.
Abstract: Danish Journal of Geography 96: 11–20, 1996. This paper demonstrates some of the possibilities offered by GIS in arctic geomorphology. GIS is used for simulating the topography and volume of Pjetursson Glacier, Disko, Central West Greenland at different times in history. The volumes found shows good correspondance with volumes calculated from empiric formulas. An energy balance model is established in the frame of a rasterbased GIS. The model is used for demonstrating the significance of surrounding topography, on components in the energy balance.
3 citations
Journal Article•
3 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, the significance of the various soil types with respect to erosion, being one of the major problems in the region, was discussed and various types of soil surface roughness were described using two different indices and the maximum depression storage was calculated.
Abstract: Danish Journal of Geography 96: 32–39, 1996. This study conducted during the 1994 rainy season describes soil surface roughness and infiltration characteristics of four different soils (Leptosol, Plinthosol, Vertisol and Luvisol/Lixisol) within the savanna ecosystem in the Upper East Region, Ghana. The paper discusses the significance of the various soil types with respect to erosion, being one of the major problems in the region. Infiltration was measured using a Hang double ring infiltrometer and a simple reliefmeter was used for the microtopographical measurements. Various types of soil surface roughness were described using two different indices and the maximum depression storage was calculated. It was shown that the soil type influences infiltration whereas roughness and depression storage are related to soil management/crops. Management using a hoe as opposed to bullock ploughing seemed most effective regarding increasing roughness/depression storage. In general roughness has little impact ...
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The authors compare the experiences of two regions undergoing restructuring as part of this global shift, Denmark and the state of Indiana in the American Midwest, and underline the economic, social, and political characteristics of each approach.
Abstract: Danish Journal of Geography 96: 81–94, 1996. Since the beginning of the 1980s, the global economy has undergone a number of sweeping changes. This paper compares the experiences of two regions undergoing restructuring as part of this global shift, Denmark and the state of Indiana in the American Midwest. The distinct cultural histories of Denmark and Indiana have resulted in dramatically different forms of restructuring in the two regions: high wage, lower employment negotiated restructuring in Denmark and low wage, higher employment neo-liberal restructuring in Indiana. The comparison serves to underline the economic, social, and political characteristics of each approach.
TL;DR: In this paper, it is suggested that different types of welfare states produce different occupational structures and to varying degrees, and for various reasons, do they lead to social polarisation, and that differences within welfare state regimes can explain why we are experiencing divergent trajectories in social change.
Abstract: Danish Journal of Geography 96: 103–109, 1996. Much of the current interest in processes of restructuring evolves around issues of changing occupational and social structures. While there is broad agreement that economic restructuring has produced a new occupational structure in the Western World, there is a great deal of controversy characterizing the changing structure. This is to be expected since we leave behind us a well-known social structure and are entering another which is still in the process of being shaped. It is suggested in this article that if one is to comprehend the complexity involved when discussing these issues a fruitful starting point would be different welfare state regimes. Furthermore, it is suggested that different types of welfare states produce different occupational structures and to varying degrees, and for various reasons, do they lead to social polarisation. Thus, differences within welfare slate regimes can explain why we are experiencing divergent trajectories in...
TL;DR: In this paper, the development of the subject is seen primarily as a result of the division of labour among sciences, and the subject can not be defined in the proper sense of the word, but its object can: the ecumene or the human habitat.
Abstract: Danish Journal of Geography 96: 110–117, 1996. Basic theoretical problems in geography are discussed. The development of the subject is seen primarily as a result of the division of labour among sciences. The subject's contextual dimension is made up of the different forces that influence the discipline, and the theoretical dimension comprises the method of presentation, the object and the metatheory. The subject can not be defined in the proper sense of the word, but its object can: the ecumene or the human habitat. An approach is discussed for the presentation (theoretical development) of geography by the means of dialectical method, using the labour as the basic category.