Showing papers in "Guizhou Agricultural Sciences in 2010"

Study on Fecundity of Frankliniella occidentalis under Different Reproductive Patterns

Abstract: The fecundity and filial sex ratio of Frankliniella occidentalis were studied under the treatment conditions of bisexual reproduction with different female/male ratio,parthenogenesis and different mating time to further know the effect of different female/male ratio and mating time on its population.The results showed that Frankliniella occidentalis can reproduce its filial generation by using bisexual reproduction and parthenogenesis patterns,there was very significant difference in longevity,laying eggs and sex ratio of female adults between different treatments,the longevity and laying eggs of female adults with 1∶1 female/male ratio in bisexual reproduction pattern was the highest,and the longevity and laying eggs of female adults with 4∶1 female/male ratio under bisexual reproduction pattern and parthenogenesis pattern were lower in all treatments.The results from different mating time of Frankliniella occidentalis showed that the female adults after parthenogenesis still could mate with male adults for bisexual reproduction and male adults could mate with female adults for multiple mating.

Innovation of Rural Financial Service System in New Countryside Construction

Abstract: The paper analyzes the causes of existing problems in rural financial service system,proposes the countermeasures to speed up relative laws formulation,culture good policy environment,enhance the basic function of rural financial service,culture the competition mechanism by building rural financial system with a multi-levels,establish and perfect the diversifying risks and compensation mechanism for innovation of rural financial service system,and puts forward that the multi-rural financial service system based on cooperative finance is the effective measure to solve the supply insufficient problem in rural finance.

Effect of pH and Nutrition Elements on Growth of Sphagnum Plants

Abstract: The optimum pH and nutrition elements for growth of Sphagnum plants were studied under the artificial cultivation condition to provide theoretical basis for artificial recovery and rebuilding of damaged Sphagnum wetlands,and Sphagnum cultivation under the artificial condition.The results showed that growth of S.palustre was the best when pH of wetlands was 6.0,and the chemical agents had the inhibition and toxic effect on growth of S.palustre in artificial cultivation of S.palustre.The chemical agent containing P element promotes fast growth of Cyanobacteria wich attaches to the surface of Sphagnum plants,which results in death of Sphagnum plants.Therefore,the growth of Sphagnum plants needs the strict oligotrophic water quality.

Demonstration of standardized cultivation technology of pinellia ternate.

Abstract: Hezhang pinellia ternate variety derived from wild pinellia ternate variety was cultivated under the standardized cultivation technology in 1400.9hm2 demonstration area during 2008-2009 to popularize the standardized cultivation technology for increasing its unit area yield and total yield.The results showed that the average dry yield,accumulative increased total yield,increased total output value,increased net income and increased input/output ratio of pinellia ternate were 3093.43kg/hm2,1.0284 million kg,44.6539 million Yuan,30.0915 million Yuan and 1∶3.066,respectively and the significant economic,social and ecological benefits were obtained from popularization of the standardized cultivation technology.The standardized cultivation technology of pinellia ternate can be popularized in Hezhang county and other similar ecological areas in Guizhou.

Cause of outbreak of southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus disease at Matian township of Luxi county, Jiangxi province.

Abstract: Field survey of the outbreak of southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus disease in Matian township of Luxi county,Jiangxi province was carried out for 2 months to explore its influencing factors.Results showed that main factors influencing the outbreak of SRBSDVD are region characteristic,climatic factor,planting time of late rice,cultivation mode,variety resistance,basic agriculture technician's misconception of SRBSDVD,not taking effective measures in time and so on.

Classification of Special Rice Varieties and Its Leaf-age Cultivation Model in Southeast Guizhou

Abstract: The results from analyzing characteristics of 95 special rice varieties planted in Liping and Kaili counties showed that there are different kinds of indica,japonica,nonglutinous,glutinous,paddy rice,dry rice,early maturity,middle maturity and late maturity and are local special cultivation japonica and glutinous rice varieties with middle or late maturity mainly.The leaf-age cultivation models of these special rice varieties with early maturity,middle maturity and late maturity are established by analyzing the growth trend and leaf-age process of 14 representative special rice varieties.

Application of Two Photosynthetic Light Response and CO_2 Response Curve-fitting Models on Karst Species

Abstract: The light response and CO2 response datum of four karst species were fitted by non-rectangular hyperbola model and YE Zi-piao new model to study the optimum fitting models of light response and CO2 response.The results showed that light response and CO2 response curves fitted by YE Zi-piao new model was better than those fitted by non-rectangular hyperbola model in four species,and main photosynthetic parameters of four species could be calculated directly.The photosynthetic intensity of four Karst species was Cladrastis platycarpa Cornus wisoniana≈Pistacia chinensis Photinia daviosoniae.

Effect of GA_3 on Seed Germination Characteristic of V.davidii and V.adenoclada

Abstract: Seeds of V.davidii,V.adenoclada and cultivation rape variety were treated by GA3 with different concentration to study the effect of GA3 on their germination characteristic.The results sowed that GA3 could raise their germination rate,germination vigor and germination index and shorten average germination days significantly,and the optimum GA3 concentration for V.davidii and V.adenoclada were 200～250 mg/L and the optimum GA3 concentration for the cultivation rape variety was 150～200 mg/L.

Biological Enrichment Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Lotus Root in Polluted Lotus Ponds

Abstract: Concentration of heavy metals in water,sediment and lotus root tissues were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) in lotus ponds in Fengyu lake and Xiaojiaping lake to study the biological enrichment characteristics of heavy metals in lotus root Results showed that the concentration of Pb,Cr and Cd in sediments of both lotus ponds were obviously higher than the first-level soil criterion of environmental qualities The heavy metals content of lotus rhizome were exceed the food standard except Zn in Fengyu lake Enrichment coefficient of Pb,Cd and Cu in lotus pond in Fengyu lake were higher than Xiaojiaping since its heavy organic contamination Heavy metals content in ambient soil and sediment of lotus pond in Xiaojiaping was significantly correlated compared with Fengyu lake,and Pb,Cr,Cu in sediment and rhizome of lotus in both ponds showed significant positive relation,but Cd and Zn had no positive correlation according to Pearson correlation analysis

Effect of different vegetation community on soil nutrients of microhabitat in southern karst areas of Guizhou Province.

Abstract: The soil samples collected from microhabitats of different vegetation community ecological systems in southern karst areas of Guizhou province were analyzed to study the effect of different vegetation communities on soil nutrients of microhabitats.The results showed that the organic matter content in soils of rock tunnels and pits was significantly higher than that in stone drains and surface soil,the contents of total N,total P,available N,available P and available K in soil of rock tunnels were significantly higher than those in rock pits,stone drains and surface soil,the contents of available N and available K in soil of stone drains were significantly higher than those in surface soil in karst forest ecological system.The contents of available N,P and K in surface soil obviously declined,followed by stone drains during its community succession from broad-leaf forest to shrubbery to shrub-grass and the N,P and K contents in soils of rock tunnels and pits did not decline significantly.In short,the soil nutrient content of different vegetation communities is affected by retrogressive succession of forest community and diversity of microhabitats.

Effects of salt stress on CAT, POD and the cell membrane permeability of Viola tricolor stems.

Abstract: In order to investigate salt tolerance of Viola tricolor,stems of Viola tricolor seedling were used as material to study the effect of various concentrations of NaCl on activity of CAT and POD,and membrane permeability of the stem.The results showed that the membrane permeability increased,CAT activity decreased first and then increased,and POD activity appeared decrease-increase-decrease with the rise of NaCl concentration.The plant was wilted completely when the NaCl concentration was 250mmol/L,which was the lethal concentration of Viola tricolor.

Study on enzymatic technology of earthworm peptides produced by Alcalase.

Abstract: Enzymatic hydrolysis effect of earthworm proteinase was determined using Alcalase as the tool based on different single factor tests,which included temperature,hydrolysis time,pH,enzyme dosage and substrate concentration,and the enzymatic parameters were optimized by the orthogonal test to provide theoretical basis for solving breeding pollution and developing protein feed resource.The results showed that the hydrolysis degree of earthworm protein raised with prolong of hydrolysis time and the ascend trend was slow 5h later,the hydrolysis degree of earthworm protein first increased and then decreased with the increase of temperature and pH and the maximum value appeared at 60℃ and pH 8.0,the hydrolysis degree of earthworm protein first increased and then decreased with the increase of enzyme dosage and substrate concentration and the hydrolysis degree of earthworm protein began to decline when enzyme dosage and substrate concentration was more than 4% and 6% respectively,the enzymatic temperature,hydrolysis time,pH and enzyme dosage all had very significant or significant effect on enzymatic degree of earthworm protein and the effect was enzyme dosage temperaturepHhydrolysis time.The optimum combination for hydrolysis of earthworm included 65℃,4h,pH 8.0 and 5% enzyme dosage and the optimum technological parameters for production of earthworm peptides are 6% substrate concentration,65℃,4h,pH 8.0 and 5% enzyme dosage.

Effect of low temperature pre-treatment on embryoid induction rate of tobacco anther culture.

Abstract: The anthers of F2,F3 and F4 plants of K326×GDH(the mutant with yellow leaf) pretreated at 4℃ for 24h,48h and 72h were cultured at(26±1)℃ to study the effect of different low temperature time on embryoid induction rate of tobacco anthers.The results showed that culture of tobacco anthers pretreated at 4℃ for 48h could significantly increase the embryoid induction rate and the optimum culture generation was F2.

Study on LHβ gene polymorphism and relationship between LHβ gene polymorphism and litter size in Guizhou block goat.

Abstract: The LHβ gene sequence of Guizhou black goat was analyzed to study LHβ gene polymorphism and the relationship between LHβ gene polymorphism and litter size.The results showed that there were two variation loci at 138bp and 240bp in 832bp of LHβ gene of 30 female Guizhou black goats and both of the variation were synonymous mutation.The C at 240bp was replaced by T and there was no difference in average litter size before and after variation.The G at 138bp was replaced by C and two genotypes of AA and AB were formed.The average litter size of Guizhou black goats with AB genotype was 1.02 goats higher than that with AA genotype and there was significant difference in average litter size between two genotypes,which may indicate that there is correlation between 138bp polymorphism of LHβ gene and reproduction performance in Guizhou black goat.

Allelopathic Effect of Eupatorium adenophorum on Seed Germination of Six Local Plants in Guizhou

Abstract: The seeds of six plant species from Guizhou were treated by the extraneous solution of Eupatorium adenophorum leaves with different concentrations to study the allelopathic effect of Eupatorium adenophorum extraneous solution on seed germination of these plant species. The results showed that the extraneous solution with lower concentration could promote seed germination of Pinus massoniana and Sonchus arvensis and radicle growth of Cunninghamia lanceolata and the extraneous solution with high concentration could inhibite seed germination of Pinus massoniana and Sonchus arvensis and radicle growth of Cunninghamia lanceolata,the extraneous solution inhibited seed germination of Castanea mollissima,Camellia oleifera and Pyracantha fortuneana and the inhibition effect rose with increment of the extraneous solution concentration significantly. There is difference in sensibility of allelopathic effect to seed germination among six plant species. Pinus massoniana,Sonchus arvensis and Camellia oleifera are less sensitive to allelopathic chemicals of Eupatorium adenophorum and Cunninghamia lanceolata,Castanea mollissima and Pyracantha fortuneana are more sensitive to allelopathic chemicals of Eupatorium adenophorum.

Epidemiological investigation of Haemophilus parasuis in part area of Fujian province.

Abstract: Indirect hemagglutination assay(IHA) was applied to undertaken the epidemiological investigation of Haemophilus parasuis in part area of Fujian province to study the epidemiological situation.Results showed that total positives rate of H.parasuis in part area of Hujian was 6.5%,among them,the positives rate of sow was 8.75%,and higher than other swine.

Identification of fungal populations during the storage period of Tibetan tea.

Abstract: The fungal populations in the storage period of Tibetan tea were identified to study the relationship between tea quality and microbe species populations.The results showed that there were 5 main species populations of Aspergillus(Aspergillus niger),Penicillium(Penicillium glabrum,Penicillium roqueforti,Baen penicillium),and Rhizopus(Rhizopus) in the storage period of Tibetan tea.These microbes could affect quality formation of Tibetan tea during the storage period directly or indirectly.

Research progress on phylogeny of Torrenticolidae (Acari, Lebertioidea).

Abstract: Torrenticolidae is recognized as one of the most difficult taxa in water mite group at home and abroad and there is a great argument in its genus-level classification.The paper briefly reviews and comparatively analyzes the research history of the representative high-ranking category phylogeny of Torrenticolidae,summarizes the common consensus and controversy,and respects further research direction of Torrenticolidae phylogeny in China.

Effect of fermented bio-organic fertilizer on growth and fruit quality of organic tomato.

Abstract: The bio-organic fertilizer made from lees and chicken dung was used in soilless cultivation of tomato.The results showed that the bio-organic fertilizer made from 85% lees,10% dry chicken dung 3% slag,1% soybean meal,1% urea and 1% complex microbes with 60% moisture for 20d fermentation could obviously improve tomato growth,increase VC content and sugar/acid ratio,reduce nitrate content in tomato fruits,effectively decrease occurrence of bacterial wilt and go on the market early,and the tomato yield was up to 5018.3kg/667m2,18.6% higher than CK.

Determination of butralin residue in soil and tobacco leaves by gas chromatography.

Abstract: The butralin in the soil and tobacco leaves were extracted by acetone for a night,then purified by cleanert florisil cylinder and finally the purified butralin samples were determined by using gas chromatography and ESTD method.The results showed that the linear regression equation between peak area and butralin concentration was y=307.76x-55.877 and its correlation coefficient was 0.9987 when butralin content was 0.1～10.00mg/L,the butralin mean recovery rate,variation coefficients and minimum detected mass fraction in soil and tobacco leaves were 83.64%～88.25%,1.45%～3.56%,0.003mg/kg and 88.65%～100.64%,4.17%～5.13%,0.008mg/kg respectively,and the minimum detected content of butralin was 1.4×10-12 g.The gas chromatography of determining butralin residue in soil and tobacco leaves has the advantages of rapidity,accuracy,high sensitivity and good linear relationship,etc.

Damage and life history of Araecerus fasciculatus in Guizhou.

Abstract: The second generation of Araecerus fasciculatus was fed by red jujubes under the condition of 75% relative humidity,L∶D=14∶10,3500lx and room temperature to know its occurrence,damage and life history in Guiyang. The results showed that there were normally 3～4 generations in a year and 5 generations in a special year,the overwintering of Araecerus fasciculatus depended on its larvae,the adults were not found in warehouses in winter,and its life cycle needed about 42.3 d. The paper introduced morphological structural characteristics and life habits of its different pest development periods.

Research progress on Taifanglania.

Abstract: Some monophialidic Paecilomyces species were transferred to Taifanglania,a new genus,based on its morphological characters and molecular systematics. Because most Taifanglania species are tolerant to high temperature and can degrade the lignocellulose,its application prospects in agriculture,environmental protection and biotechnology and so on has been paid attention to. The paper reviews the latest research progress on new Taifanglania genus to provide a reference for further research.

Analysis and evaluation on nutrition components of Leucaena leucephala leaves.

Abstract: The results from analyzing the crude protein,crude fat,crude fiber and crude ash content in leaves of 12 Leucaena leucephala varieties for the purpose of measuring the feed value comprehensively showed that the crude protein content in leaves of Leucaena leucephala was above 25%,which indicates that the leaves of 12 tested Leucaena leucephala varieties all can be used as animal feed.The crude protein content in leaves of new hybrid Leucaena leucephala varieties is higher than common Leucaena leucephala varieties,except K376.Therefore,the crude protein content in leaves of Leucaena leucephala varieties can be greatly improved by cross breeding.The crude fat content of most hybrid Leucaena leucephala varieties is higher than common Leucaena leucephala varieties and there was no obvious difference in crude fiber and ash content between hybrid Leucaena leucephala varieties and common Leucaena leucephala varieties.

Study on extraction process of flavonoids from bamboo leaves by enzymatic hydrolysis.

Abstract: Extraction process of flavonoids from bamboo leaves was studied to explore the optimum extraction process by means of enzyme hydrolysis and water extraction.Results showed that factors affecting extraction rate is temperaturepHenzyme dosagehydrolysis time.The optimum extraction condition contains 45℃,pH 4.5,1% dosage and 150 min.The yield of total flavonoids by enzyme hydrolysis is 2% higher than water extraction.

Correlation between Drought Resistance and Leaf Anatomical Structure of Wild Vitis quinquangularis Seedlings in Karst Mountainous Areas

Abstract: The seedlings of four lines from three wild Vitis quinquangularis varieties with two-year age were planted in pots under natural drought stress to study correlation between leaf anatomical structure and drought resistance.The results showed that the parameters of leaf thickness,palisade tissue thickness,spongy tissue thickness and CTR were closely correlated to drought resistance of wild Vitis quinquangularis germplasms under drought stress.The leaf thickness of wild Vitis quinquangularis seedlings with high drought resistance was becoming thinner because of water loss but change of the palisade tissue thickness was slight,CTR increased first and then decreased,and the decrease range of leaf thickness,palisade tissue,spongy tissue and leaf tissue CTR of wild Vitis quinquangularis seedlings with low drought resistance was great.There were significant and very significant correlations between different leaf anatomical indexes and drought index under drought stress.

Vegetational diversify and biomass in Juglans regia forest under conversion cultivated land into forests model.

Abstract: The vegetational diversity and biomass in Juglans regia forest under conversion cultivated land into forests were studied by using typical plot sample method in Fengshan and Leye Counties of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region to provide the scientific basis for comprehensive improvement of rocky desertification,revegetation and development of local economy.The results showed that the richness,Simpson and Shannon-Wiener indexes of the shrub layer were 0.2292 ～0.3883,0.6767 ～0.7799 and 1.2092 ～ 1.9279 respectively,the Simpson and Shannon-Wiener indexes of the herb layer were 0.5174～0.6815 and 1.261 68～1.568,there was no significant difference in diversity indexes of shrub and herb species among different times of conversion cultivated land into forests,total biomass of the shrub layer was lower than the herb layer in 1～5 standard plot samples,total biomass of the fifth standard plot sample with conversion cultivated land into forest in 2002 was the minimum,the aerial biomass/underground biomass ratios of the first,fourth and fifth standard plot samples were all below 1.The biomass of the shrub layer and herb layer in Juglans regia forest is correlated to management,artificial disturbance degree and soil environment condition.

Study on Rate of Roots Radial Oxygen Loss of Eight Wetland Plants

Abstract: The rate of root radial oxygen loss of eight wetland plants(Cindica,Zantedeschia aethiopica Spreng,Zizania Caduciflora,Acorus calamus,Typhaangustifolia,Phragmites sp,Sagittaria pygmaee Miq and Oenanthe stolonifera DC) cultivated in deoxygenated nutrient solution was determined to study sewage purification of artificial wetland by wetland plantsThe results showed that the rate of root radial oxygen loss of Acorus calamus,and Phragmites spwas 6736μmol/(h·g·root) and 1208μmol/(h·g·root)under the conditions of 30μmol/(m2·s) light intensity,25 ℃ and 50% humidity,and the rate of root radial oxygen loss was Acorus calamusSagittaria pygmaeeZantedeschia aethiopicaZizania CaducifloraCindicaTyphaangustifoliaOenanthe stoloniferaPhragmitesThe rate of root radial oxygen loss of 8 tested wetland plants in darkness decreased to varying degrees under the same light intensity,and the decreased range of Sagittaria pygmaee,Acorus calamus,Zantedeschia aethiopica and Typhaangustifolia,was 09～48μmol/(h·g·root) and the decreased range of other wetland plants was 001～026μmol/(h·g·root)

Effect of Alkaline Pectinase on Degumming Technology of Hemp

Abstract: The hemp fiber was degummed by using alkaline pectinase technology to study the optimum degumming technology by comparing residual gum rate.The results showed that the residual gum rate of hemp fiber could be reduce to 17.54% under the optimum degumming technological condition of pH 9.0,bath ratio 1:10,150U/mL pectinase,5 mM/L oxalic acid and 50℃ for 27h.The residual gum rate and fiber strength of hemp with good fiber dispersion were 2.58% and 4.52cN/dtex after the hemp treated by alkaline pectinase was re-treated with 1.2% NaOH for 2 h.