Showing papers in "Hesperia in 1994"

Excavations at Mochlos, 1990-1991

Abstract: THE joint Greek-American excavations at Mochlos, which were begun in 1989, continued during the summers of 1990 and 1991.1 Work again focused on the island of Mochlos, where the excavation has now uncovered stratified architectural evidence for seven different periods of occupation, ranging from the Early Minoan (EM) IB phase ofthe Prepalatial period to the Late Byzantine period of the 13th century after Christ. At the same time, the excavation also began work on three sites located across from the island on the adjacent coastal plain, all of which were identified in an earlier survey of the plain2 and thought to

Early Iron age potters' marks in the Aegean

Abstract: Le but de cet article est de reetudier 5 vases protogeometriques attiques portant chacun une petite croix peinte sur le col, sous une anse, ou sur le fond, etc., et de dresser une liste commentee des exemples de poteries protogeometriques ou geometriques portant le meme genre de croix, laquelle peut raisonnablement etre interpretee comme une marque de potier heritiere de la tradition de l'âge du Bronze consistant a apposer une marque precise sur un vase, par incision, peinture, ou estampage

Tetrarchic Recovery in Corinth: Pottery, Lamps, and Other Finds from the Peribolos of Apollo

Abstract: D URING THE SPRING OF 1966 a large pit was excavated east of the Lechaion Road at Corinth. The circumstances of its construction are not certain, but it was the first deposit of the late 3rd and early 4th centuries identified at the site.1 Deposits of the second half of the 3rd century both at Corinth and elsewhere in Greece have usually been connected with the Herulian invasion of A.D. 267, but the material in this deposit must be later. In particular, the pit contained a large number of Attic and Corinthian lamps, together with a quantity of fine pottery and coins which suggest a date close to A.D. 300. Sufficient coarse and cooking pottery and glass were recovered to provide a useful corpus for the period. Quantities of similar material have more recently been excavated east of the Theater at Corinth in the destruction debris of Buildings 5 and 7. Such deposits represent a period of destruction (perhaps another earthquake?) completely separate from the Herulian invasion, which seems not to be witnessed at Corinth. Although a few deposits of the late 3rd or early 4th century have been identified in the Athenian Agora, this is the first one of the Tetrarchic period published from the Roman East. It will provide a valuable benchmark throughout the Mediterranean. The pit (1966-1) was dug in Roman levels in the Peribolos of Apollo, beside the southeastern side of the foundation of the circular base in the court.2 It measured approximately 1.60 m. north-south by 2.10/2.65 m. east-west and was about 0.95 m. deep. The purpose of the hole may have been to repair a large stone drain, which joined the main Peirene channel at this point.3 The pit seems to have been refilled with garbage, because, in addition to the pottery and lamps, it contained seven fragments of Latin inscriptions (I-2669-1-2673,1-2677, and I-2678), including one of the second consulship of Septimius Severus (A.D. 194) and two with later letter forms, and a fragment of a marble foot and plinth, which Charles Williams

The Mycenaean Entrance System at the West End of the Akropolis of Athens

Abstract: L'acropole mycenienne d'Athenes n'est pas encore connue parfaitement, c'est pourquoi l'A. s'attache a montrer un nouveau systeme de porte a chicanes qui differe sensiblement de celui de ces predecesseurs. En outre il propose une plausible reconstitution de la citerne archaique

The Date and Historical Significance of IG XII v 714 of Andros

Abstract: /\\N INSCRIPTION FROM ANDROS, IG XII v 714 as emended, restored, and dated byTheophil Sauciuc (cf. IG XII, Suppl., p. 119), has provided an important piece of evidence for Athenian treatment of its allies under the Second Athenian Confederacy.' The inscription (see pp. 318-319 below) preserves a decree of the Andrians in honor of 'AvxL[oro, [---o]ug, who is praised and granted a crown \"on account of his excellence and benevolence toward the demos of the Andrians,\" &pirx gvevxezv xol Ov[otocg x] t 6ov 8n,uov rov 'Av8pLcv (lines 8-9). While much of the text describing the precise chairacter of his benefactions is lost, enough remains to support the inference that he arranged for the sale of grain, [r]oO a'xouou oOu ieVlOU (line 3), at a reduced price (cf. lines 1, 4), probably of five drachmai (dr) per medimnos (med; line 2).2 Along with Antidotos are praised \"the soldiers who proved useful to the demos and worked with him to make the grain cheaper in the city,\" rouC[4 a]pa-Lroc, 60oL xrc, XPeXc nocpeGXoVxo TO L 8 L [,u] xocl auv 'pynav TO aZtov e tc4pea-rpo[v tvml] iv -e T6 XeL (lines 13-16). The inscription was first published in 1876 in a very unreliable text, without remarks on the date or historical context.3 Pernice later suggested a date of the 4th century; of the content he wrote only that it was impossible to tell what events of war were being referred to.4 Friedrich Hiller von Gaertringen was the first to offer a specific date and historical context. He associated the events in the text with the expulsion from Andros in 308 B.C. of a garrison, presumably Antigonid, by Ptolemaios I during his operations in the Aegean and Greece (Diodorus Siculus 20.37. 1).5 In 1911, after a reexamination of the stone and supported by powerful arguments, Sauciuc proposed instead to associate the decree with the activities of an Athenian garrison imposed on the island perhaps in the 360's but certainly in place by the Social War and commanded by an Athenian strategos; the arrangement would have been similar to the garrison known from Arkesine on Amorgos, commanded in the 350's by Androtion (IG 112 123 = Tod 1948, no. 156; IG XII vii 5 = Tod 1948, no. 152). Antidotos

A Lex Sacra of the State and of the Deme of Kollytos

Abstract: T WO UNPUBLISHED FRAGMENTS of a fine-crystaled, Pentelic-type marble, found at different times in the excavations of the Athenian Agora (d and e), derive from the same stele as IG II2 1195 (designated fragment c), which includes the final clauses of a decree of the Athenian state, followed by the opening clauses of a decree of the deme Kollytos. A fourth fragment, IG 112 620 (designated fragment b), almost certainly derives from the same stele and, if so, contains parts of the state decree but does not join any of the other fragments; likewise, to judge by its letter forms and marble type, a fifth fragment, also found in the Agora and unpublished (fragment a). A sixth, very small, unpublished Agora fragment (f) might also belong but is too small for secure attribution. The two published fragments were found on the Akropolis in the last century, and the rest derive from excavations in the Agora between 1935 and 1953.' I number the fragments according to their thickness, where preserved.2 In a previous article I have listed and discussed briefly all the published documents that I attribute to the mason who inscribed this stele.3

Archaic Architectural Terracottas from Sector Byzfort at Sardis

Abstract: T O A TRAVELER approaching Sardis, whether eastward up the valley of the Hermus or westward to Ionia, a dominant natural feature of the lower part of the city is a pair of flat-topped hills that project from the north slope of the acropolis like promontories overlooking the Hermus river plain.' Between 1983 and 1991, the Harvard/Cornell Sardis Expedition carried out a series of excavations on the western hill of this pair, which was occupied from the 7th century B.C. to the 6th century after Christ (Fig. 1:23 [grid square E 600-700/S 300-400], P1. 81:a, arrow). A major result of these excavations was the recovery of a rich and closely datable assemblage of Archaic architectural terracottas.2 Since 1958, the year of the Sardis Expedition's first campaign, the archaeological nickname given to this hill or spur has been the \"Byzantine Fortress\", so called after the sizeable chunks of Late Antique masonry visible in several places on the slopes of the hill. It has always been clear, however, that the hill was first occupied long before the Byzantine era; the surrounding area is unusually rich in surface finds of Archaic date, and it was long suspected that the evident terracing of the north and east sides of the hill might also belong in its earliest phases to the Archaic period. George Hanfmann, in a speculative article published in 1975, even suggested that the so-called Byzantine Fortress was possibly the site of the palace of Croesus.3 On the basis of a surface survey conducted in 198 1,4 the northeast corner of the hill, retitled \"Sector ByzFort\", was chosen as the starting point of a program of excavation, begun in 1983 for the purpose of investigating the early history of this site. Over the course of the next eight years, an area of approximately 650 square meters was exposed across the north end of the hill, and several smaller trenches were dug in various locations to the south and east (Fig. 2). The principal result of these excavations was the discovery of a large terrace wall, built of limestone ashlar masonry, enclosing the hill on its north and east sides