Showing papers in "International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology in 2008"

Pattern of otological diseases in school going children of Kathmandu valley

Abstract: Introduction: Ear disease in children is a major public health concern in developing countries. In spite of availability of potent antibiotics, severe life threatening complications of ear diseases can occur. Objective: This study was done to find out the prevalence of different types of otological disease in school going children of Kathmandu valley. Method: This is prospective study among 1245 school children aged between 5-12 years in the time period of June 2007 May 2008. Students were randomly selected from 4 different schools of Kathmandu valley. All these children were interviewed, examined otoscopically and findings were noted in the performa. Informed consent was taken from guardians to participate in this study. Statistical analysis was done using frequency and percentage. Results: Out of 1245 children, 64.0% were male and 36.0% female children. The most common otological diseases were wax (60.6%), followed by chronic suppurative otitis media (5.7%) and otitis media with effusion (3.7%). In CSOM, there was 85.9% tubotympanic type. Overall otological diseases were present in 75.7% children. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of otological diseases in school going children of Kathmandu valley. Health education, improvement of socioeconomic status and health facilities will be helpful in reducing the prevalence of otological diseases. Keyword: otological diseases, school children, Kathmandu.

Clinical Features of Sturge-Weber Syndrome

Abstract: The Syndrome of Sturge-Weber is a rare condition of congenital development, and is characterized by a neurocutaneous disorder with angiomas wrapping the leptomeninges and the face skin, mainly in the course of ophthalmic (V1) and maxillary (V2) branches of the trigeminal nerve. Objective: To review the literature about the Sturge-Weber Syndrome with emphasis on the current aspects. Method: The following databases were searched: EMedicine, Encyclopedia of Medicine, FindArticles, LILACS, MEDLINE, Merck Manuals On-Line Medical Library and Scielo, and the searches applied the terms: Sturge-Weber Syndrome, neurocutaneous syndromes, encephalo-trigeminal angiomatosis, nevus flammeus, in articles published between 1991 and 2007. Literature’s Review: The most characteristic clinical statement is the presence, since the birth, of nevus flammeus, that generally reaches one half of the face and may stretch out up to the neck; in addition, other clinical manifestations may be present, like the corticocerebral angiomatosis, cerebral calcifications, epilepsy, ocular and buccal affections and mental retardation. The diagnosis is established by means of the inquiry of neurological and ophthalmic alterations in patients with a characteristic nevus flammeus, allied to the clinical data of complementary exams such as Computerized Tomography. The treatment consists basically of controlling the already confirmed clinical manifestations and preventing from the appearing of other alterations, mainly buccal and ocular. Conclusion: This syndrome is not much frequent, but it needs to be early diagnosed, since it brings a series of complications to its carriers when not treated, specially because of reaching the Nervous Central System. The health professionals have to be suitably able to recognize its characteristic signs and symptoms, and so improve the quality of life of these patients.

Closure of Oroantral Communication Using Buccal Fat Pad Graft - Case Report

Abstract: Introduction: There are many causes of fistulas that involve the nasal and antral cavities or both. They may result from pathological entities or secondary to removal of tumors or maxillary cysts. However, the extraction of a maxillary molar or premolar is the most common cause of oroantral fistula. This is explained by the close relationship between the apex of these teeth and the thinness of the antral floor. When the primary fistula repair fails to heal spontaneously during the first three weeks after surgery, a secondary repair may be indicated. During treatment process of the fistulas, there are procedures to make a direct close or the use of a sliding mucosal flap, all techniques own an equal and high degree of failure. Objective: To show a case report of oroantral fistula and its closure. Case Report: A 6-month-Surgical treatment of oroantral fistula, after a tooth removal, using the buccal fat pad method as a pedicled graft associated with a sliding mucosal flap. Conclusion: The mentioned treatment is simple, complete and allows an extensive applicability in most of cases.

Acoustic Analysis of Formants and Measures of the Sonorous Signal Disturbance in Non-smoker and Non-alcoholic Women Without Vocal Complaints

Abstract: This study aims at extracting and analyzing the measures of sonorous signal: Fundamental Frequency, Jitter, Shimmer, APQ (Amplitude Perturbation Quotient), PPQ (Period Perturbation Quotient), NHR (Noise Harmonic Ratio) and the values of the frequencies of the first three formants of the seven oral vowels of the Brazilian Portuguese spoken in Sao Paulo. We also carried out the voice perceptive-auditory assessment through GIRBAS scale. Method: 107 non-smoker, non-alcoholic women, without vocal complaints and laryngological alterations. The program used for the recording and analysis of voice was the CSL 4300B and Multi-Dimensional Voice Program (MDVP). These women were divided according to age into 3 groups: 1 (18-39), 2 (40-60) and 3 (60-86) Results: There was no statistically significant difference between groups in the measures evaluated. But the values of almost all measures for disturbance of the sonorous signal (Jitter, APQ, PPQ, and NHR) were higher in Group 3. The values of Fundamental Frequency were similar in the groups studied and Shimmer was higher in group 2. For F1 Group 3 showed their highest values, in F2 there was no prevalence among groups and for F3 the values were increased for Group 3 in vowels /a/, /e/, /o/. Conclusion: The creation of normative databanks could help the researches with dysphonic and normal voices.

Benign Osteoblastoma of the Temporal Bone: Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract: Institution: Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department of Radiology of the Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo Faculty of Medical Sciences. Sao Paulo / SP – Brazil. Address for correspondence: Lidio Granato – Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas da Santa Casa de Sao Paulo – Rua Dr. Cesario Motta Junior, 112 4o andar – Vila Buarque – Sao Paulo / SP – Brazil – Zip code: 01277-900 – Telephone/Fax: (+55 11) 222-8405 – E-mail: drlidio@terra.com.br Artigo recebido em 25 de setembro de 2007. Artigo aceito em 17 de maio de 2008.

Velopharyngeal sphincter pathophysiologic aspects in the in cleft palat

Abstract: * Otorhinolaryngologist medical doctor. In course for Master’s Degree in the Program for Post-Graduation in Medicine: Surgery of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. ** Phonoaudiologist. In Course for Doctor’s Degree of Post-Graduation in Medical Sciences: Paediatrics of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. ** Phonoaudiologist. In Course for Master’s Degree of Post-Graduation in Medical Sciences: Paediatrics of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. **** Otorhinolaryngologist Medical Doctor. Associate Professor of Otorhinolaryngology Discipline of the Medicine College of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. ***** Doctor, Plastic Surgeon. Assistant Professor of Plastic Surgery Discipline of the Medicine College of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Head of the Craniomaxillofacial Surgery Service of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre.