Showing papers in "International Journal of African Historical Studies in 1989"

Conservation in Africa : people, policies, and practice

Abstract: Preface List of contributors Introduction: the scramble for Eden: past, present and future in African conservation David Anderson and Richard Grove Part I. Conservation Ideologies in Africa: Introduction William Beinart 1. Early themes in African conservation: the Cape in the nineteenth century Richard Grove 2. Chivalry, social Darwinism and ritualised killing: the hunting ethos in Central Africa up to 1914 John M. MacKenzie 3. Colonialism, capitalism and ecological crisis in Malawi: a reassessment John McCracken 4. Conservation with a human face: conflict and reconciliation in African land use planning Richard Bell Part II. Wildlife, Parks and Pastoralists: Introduction Paul Howell 5. Pastoralism, conservation and the overgrazing controversy Katherine Homewood and W. A. Rodgers 6. Pastoralists and wildlife: image and reality in Kenya Maasailand David Collett 7. Integrating parks and pastoralists: some lessons from Amboseli W. K. Lindsay 8. The Mursi and National Park development in the Lower Omo Valley David Turton Part III. Conservation priorities and rural communities: Introduction John McCracken 9. Local institutions, tenure and resource management in East Africa Peter D. Little and David W. Brokensha 10. Conflicting uses for forest resources in the Lower Tana River basin of Kenya Francine Hughes 11. Environmental degradation, soil conservation and agricultural policies in Sierra Leone, 1895-1984 Andrew Millington 12. Managing the forest: the conservation history of Lembus, Kenya, 1904-63 David Anderson Part IV. Consequences for Conservation and Development: Introduction John Lonsdale 13. The political reality of conservation in Nigeria Olusegun Areola 14. Settlement, pastoralism and the commons: the ideology and practice of irrigation development in Northern Kenya Richard Hogg 15. Approaches to water resource development, Sokoto Valley, Nigeria: the problem of sustainability W. M. Adams 16. State policy and famine in the Awash Valley of Ethiopia: the lessons for conservation Maknun Gamaledinn Index.

Septimius Severus : the African emperor

Abstract: List of Illustrations, Preface, 1. The Emoria, 2. Lepcis Magna: From Free State to Colonia, 3. Life in Roman Tripolitania, 4. The Broad stripe, 5. Into the Emperor's Service, 6. A Caesar Born to the Purple, 7. The Great Marshall, 8. Julia Domna, 9. The Conspirators, 10. The Year 193, 11. The War Against Niger, 12. The War Against Albinus, 13. Parthia and Egypt, 14. Return to Africa, 15. The Years in Italy, 16. Expiditio Felicissima Brittanica, 17. Aftermath and Assessment.

Kenyan communities in the age of imperialism : the central region in the late nineteenth century

Abstract: Ambler concludes with the reflection that "For those convinced of the inherency and intractability of ethnic animosity, the peoples of nineteenth-century central Kenya have a story to tell." (p. 157). For most of his book, that story is exemplary: precolonial central Kenya knew nothing of "tribes" until the end of the era. Ambler has conceived his work as a people's history rather than a history of Peoples; a history of "small societies" rather than "ethnic groups,"of shallow lineages with wide networks of affiliation, trade, and labor. This last was mostly "free," at times dependent, and in the worst of times (especially for women), virtually slave; Ambler is excellent on the social differentiations of survival. And the story is convincing, even though it may not be the only one. The research base is impressive. Virtually all the early European eyewitnesses have been consulted, likewise 172 local informants, of whom no less than 36 were men old enough to have served in the First World War. The area of Ambler's researches is vast, effectively a quadrant of which the southeastern apex is Kamba country, somewhere near Kitui, and whose circumference arcs from southern Gikuyuland in the west to the Meru foothills of Mt. Kenya in the north. Nevertheless, the evidence which relates to the nodal points of economic and political activity which really mattered is sufficiently dense to evoke not only confidence, but at times admiration in the reader that so much can be said about people whom one had supposed were mere phantoms in the wings of history. Indeed, Ambler performs the historian's best (and in Africa often the rarest) service to the past, in that he really does bring the dead alive. He does so partly because of the imaginative ease of his writing, but that in itself has been made possible only through his hard-won, intimate, understanding of how people in small societies and harsh environments do actually arrange their relations of production, protection and exchange, not just to survive from day to day but also to control what past experience tells them is bound to be an uncertain future.

Three Swahili Women: Life Histories From Mombasa Kenya

Abstract: Preface Glossary Introduction I: Kaje wa Mwenye Matano Introduction Kinship Diagram My Family Slavery Childhood Husbands and Children Adult Life II. Mishi wa Abdala Introduction My Family Puberty Rites, Weddings, and Lelemama Figure 1 Figure 2 III: Shamsa Muhamad Muhashamy Introduction My Early Life and Family My Work in Women's Organizations Appendix: The Translation: Swahili Language and Kimvita Dialect Notes References Index

The Invention of Africa: Gnosis, Philosophy, and the Order of Knowledge

Abstract: The publication of these parts of a fundamental book on representations of Africa, drawing on the analyses of a set of knowledges and discourses from travel narratives or missionary works to anthropological studies and theories on ‘primitive' art -, was thought in articulation with the virtual exhibit \"African Art Photography: San Payo and Mário Novais\". The latter can be also understood as pointing to the ways in which a set of epistemologies made possible the discourses that would offer the conditions of possibility for the exhibition and classification practices that would come to play a decisive role in the invention of ‘African art'. It is this organization of knowledges that contemporary artistic and curatorial practices evoke, displace or contest, and that an analysis that associates historical depth with the questioning of epistemological presuppositions allows to critically recognize.

The Nation as Frontier : Ethnicity and Clientelism in Ivorian History

Abstract: Ethnogenese et emergence d'une entite politique regionale baule aux XVIIe-XVIIIe siecles, puis colonisation francaise et essor d'une economie de plantation, migrations de travail et opportunisme baule, enfin periode post-coloniale, constitution d'un Etat nation et d'un parti unique, d'une bourgeoisie nationale et pratiques clientelistes

Slavery and Emancipation in Senegal's Peanut Basin: The Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries

Abstract: In the second half of the nineteenth century, the Senegalese economy underwent a dramatic transformation. Peanuts replaced slaves and gum and became the single most important export crop. Peanuts remained an auxiliary crop which the household the basic unit of production cultivated to supplement its diet until well into the 1850s. From a paltry 1 metric ton in 1840, production rose to 5,000 metric tons in 1850.1

Slum and squatter settlements in Sub-Saharan Africa: toward a planning strategy

Abstract: Part One: Spatial Structure of Slum and Squatter Settlements in Sub-Saharan Africa Through Space and Time Part Two: Western Africa Part Three: Central and Eastern Africa Part Four: Southern Africa Part Five: Planning Strategies

The second world war revival of forced labor in the rhodesias

Abstract: "The history of compulsion in Africa," Frederick Cooper remarked a while back, "turns out to be a long one ... ."1 Indeed it does, even if one restricts attention to the colonial period, as I shall do here. Cooper's statement begs the question, however, of the definition of compulsion or, for our purposes, forced labor. We can establish a theoretical spectrum, along which actual cases might fall. At one end, we might observe (with some silliness perhaps) that all of us born without the proverbial silver spoon must work in some way to survive. At the other end lies what I would call "gun to the head" forced labor "work as I tell you or die" which all of us, I presume, would agree is forced labor par excellence. Between these two extremes lies a whole range of situations, described with various terms from conscription and coercion, on to recruitment, enticement, and control, through to influence, persuasion, and suggestion. Exactly what constitutes force is often more difficult to determine than might be assumed. For instance, it is widely recognized that taxation was imposed in colonial situations in order to "generate" or "turn out" wage labor for European employers or rulers, as well as to raise revenue. Critics of empire like J. A. Hobson could conclude at the turn of

The East African Slave Trade, 1861-1895 : The Southern Complex

Abstract: Le role joue par Madagascar, notamment l'empire merina, et les iles colonies agricoles de l'Ocean Indien dans le maintien voire l'accroissement du trafic esclavagiste au cours de la seconde moitie du XIXe sur les cotes de Tanzanie et du Mozambique alors que les autres marches d'exportation n'existaient plus| consequences sociales, demographiques pour les populations des regions du Zambeze et du Malawi