International journal of engineering science and technology 

About: International journal of engineering science and technology is an academic journal. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Electric power system & Taguchi methods. It has an ISSN identifier of 2141-2820. Over the lifetime, 805 publications have been published receiving 8841 citations.

Synthesis and applications of nano-structured iron oxides/hydroxides - a review

Abstract: The nano iron oxides have been synthesized by almost all the known wet chemical methods which include precipitation at ambient/elevated temperatures, surfactant mediation, emulsion/micro-emulsion, electro-deposition etc. Iron oxides in nano-scale have exhibited great potential for their applications as catalytic materials, wastewater treatment adsorbents, pigments, flocculants, coatings, gas sensors, ion exchangers, magnetic recording devices, magnetic data storage devices, toners and inks for xerography, magnetic resonance imaging, bioseparation and medicine. Nano sized magnetite Fe3O4, and maghemite γ-Fe2O3 exhibiting excellent magnetic properties find applications for biomedical purposes and as soft ferrites. Iron hydroxides and oxyhydroxides such as ferrihydrite, goethite, akaganeite, lepidocrocite are being evaluated for their applications in water purification for the removal of toxic ions. Hematite, α-Fe2O3 in the nano range has been used to obtain transparent paints. In catalysis both iron oxides and hydroxides find application in numerous synthesis processes. This review outlines the work being carried out on synthesis of iron oxides in nano form and their various applications.

Review on cadmium removal from aqueous solutions

Abstract: Cadmium is known to be toxic for living organism even if it is present in low levels. Generally it is associated with zinc and copper minerals and is produced as a byproduct of these industries. It enters the environment from electroplating, smelting, alloy manufacturing, pigments, plastic, cadmium-nickel batteries, fertilizers, pesticides, mining, pigments and dyes, textile operations and refining industries. Various ways of cadmium removal are: precipitation, ion exchange, solvent extraction and adsorption. The present review specifically describes various types of adsorbents which have been used for removing cadmium from aqueous solutions. General emphasis has been on the utilization of agricultural, industrial wastes and low cost synthetic oxides as adsorbents. In most of the studies batch mode data has been evaluated by determining the kinetic, isothermic and thermodynamic parameters. A number of studies have also addressed the mechanism of adsorption process employing instrumental techniques such as XRD, FTIR, SEM etc. Modeling of column data has also been reported by some researchers. More attention needs to be given for regeneration/reuse/ safe disposal of the loaded adsorbents wherein the data are insufficient. The engineering aspects also need attention for commercial application of various adsorbents. International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology, Vol. 2, No. 7, 2010, pp. 81-103

Use of zinc oxide nano particles for production of antimicrobial textiles

Abstract: The application of nanoscale materials and structures, usually ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers (nm), is an emerging area of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles for applications such as catalysis, electronics, textiles, environmental protection, and biotechnology is an area of constant interest. Recently, an awareness of general sanitation, contact disease transmission, and personal protection has led to the development of antimicrobial textiles. The development of antimicrobial cotton fabrics using Zinc oxide nanoparticles has been investigated in this present work. The ZnO nanoparticles were prepared by wet chemical method and were directly applied on to the 100% cotton woven fabric using pad-dry-cure method. The antibacterial activity of the finished fabrics was assessed qualitatively by agar diffusion and parallel streak method, quantitatively by percentage reduction test. The topographical analysis of the treated fabric and untreated fabric were studied and compared. The results show that the finished fabric demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against S. aureus in both qualitative and quantitative tests. The SEM analysis revealed the embedding of ZnO nanoparticles in treated fabrics. The wash durability study of the treated fabric was also carried out and found to withstand up to 25 wash cycles.

Applications of phasor measurement units (PMUs) in electric power system networks incorporated with FACTS controllers

Abstract: This paper presents a critical review on different application of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) in electric power system networks incorporated with FACTS controllers for advanced power system monitoring, protection, and control. Also this paper presents the current status of the research and developments in the field of the applications of PMUs in electric power system networks incorporated with FACTS controllers. Authors strongly believe that this survey article will be very much useful to the researchers for finding out the relevant references in the field of the applications of PMUs in electric power system networks incorporated with FACTS controllers.

Modeling, simulation and parametric optimization of wire EDM process using response surface methodology coupled with grey-Taguchi technique

Abstract: In the present work, quadratic mathematical models have been derived to represent the process behavior of wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) operation. Experiments have been conducted with six process parameters: discharge current, pulse duration, pulse frequency, wire speed, wire tension and dielectric flow rate; to be varied in three different levels. Data related to the process responses viz. material removal rate (MRR), roughness value of the worked surface (a measure of surface finish, SF) and kerf have been measured for each of the experimental runs; which correspond to randomly chosen different combinations of factor setting. These data have been utilized to fit a quadratic mathematical model (Response Surface Model) for each of the responses, which can be represented as a function of the aforesaid six process parameters. Predicted data have been utilized for identification of the parametric influence in the form of graphical representation for showing influence of the parameters on selected responses. Predicted data given by the models (as per Taguchi’s L27 (3*6) Orthogonal Array (OA) design) have been used in search of an optimal parametric combination to achieve desired yield of the process: maximum MRR, good surface finish (minimum roughness value) and dimensional accuracy of the product. Grey relational analysis has been adopted to convert this multi-objective criterion into an equivalent single objective function; overall grey relational grade, which has been optimized (maximized) by using Taguchi technique. Optimal setting has been verified through confirmatory test; showed good agreement to the predicted value. This indicates utility of the grey-Taguchi technique as multi-objective optimizer in the field of wire EDM. Keywords: Wire EDM; MRR; response surface methodology; Orthogonal Array (OA)