Showing papers in "Iranian Journal of Ageing in 2020"
TL;DR: This study highlights the need to understand more fully the role of social media in the development of older people's physical and mental age in the years leading up to and after retirement.
Abstract: 1. Hashem Shemshadi, Professor at The University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. Amir Shams, Assistant Professor, Sport Science Research Institute (SSRI). Tehran, Iran 3. Robab Sahaf, Iranian Research Center on Aging, Department of Aging, The University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran 4. Parvaneh Shamsipour Dehkordi, Assistant Professor, Alzahra University. Tehran, Iran 5. Hossain Zareian, Assistant Professor, Sport Science Research Institute (SSRI). Tehran, Iran 6. Alireza Moslem, Associate Professor, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran. (corresponding author: Email: alirezamoslem@gmail.com)
10 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a study was conducted to predict psychological well-being of the elderly based on the components of positive psychology such as spirituality, gratitude toward God, and perceived social support.
Abstract: Objectives: Nowadays, much attention is paid to psychological care of the elederly since they are exposed to potential threats related to increased age, loneliness, gradual decrease in physical activities, prevalence of chronic diseases, social isolation, and physical and mental disabilities. The positive psychology approach to mental well-being aims to enhance individuals’ mental health by identifying and developing psychological competences and abilities. Therefore, the present study was an attempt to predict psychological well-being of the elderly based on the components of positive psychology such as spirituality, gratitude toward God, and perceived social support. Materials and method: The present study was descriptive with a correlational design. Two hundred and eleven elderly people with the age range of 60-70 years old 109 males (6/51) 102 females (4/48) were selected via random sampling. The participants provided their demographic characteristics (age, gender, education, marital status, & socioeconomic status) and filled out Paloutzian and Ellisons’ Spirituality Wellbeing Questionnaire, Emmons’ Gratitude toward God, and Zimet’s Perceived Social Support Scale. SPSS (version 22) was used to analyze the obtained data descriptively (mean & standard deviation) and inferentially (Pearson Product Moment Correlation & Stepwise Regression Analysis). Results: Mean and standard deviation of different variables are as follows: psychological well-being: 7.1±10.68; spirituality: 90.22±15.36; gratitude toward God: 14.09±2.41; social support from family: 21.6±4.2; social support from friends: 16.5±5.8; and social support from important others: 20.23±5. The results of stepwise correlation indicated that spirituality (β=.47, ∆R2=.22, F(1,209)=62.02, P=.001) social support from family (β=.21, ∆R2=.039, F(1,208)=11.06, P=.001) and gratitude toward God (β=.16, ∆R2=.017, F(1,207)=4.80, P=.001) could significantly explain 27% of the variance of wellbeing among the elderly. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that increased spirituality, gratitude towards God, and perceived social support especially from family can enhance psychological well-being among the elderly. Hence, it would beneficial to pay special attention to the elderly’s spiritual needs and their perceived social support in policy making as well as planning for health care so as to enhance their well-being and positive view to life.
7 citations
7 citations
TL;DR: Investigation in older adults living in rural communities in Iran finds that social support can be used as a social investment to improve the quality of life of the elderly and the independence of older adults decreases with the increase of age.
Abstract: Objectives: The increasing trend in aging population raises the need to pay attention to the daily activities of the elderly and their social support as an effective factor in promoting their health. This study aims to investigate the correlation of perceived social support and demographic variables with the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) in older adults living in rural communities in Iran. Methods & Materials: This is a descriptive-analytical study with cross-sectional design conducted on 430 elderly people aged ≥60 years living in a rural community in Iran (Bayza county located 45 km away from Shiraz city) who were selected using a convenience sampling method. Procidano & Heller’s Perceived Social Support - Family Scale (PSS-Fa) and the ADL scale for the elderly were used for data collection. The ADL questionnaire’s internal consistency by calculating Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was obtained 0.96. The PSS-Fa with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient ranging from 0.88 to 0.91 has acceptable internal consistency. The reliability of its Persian version using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was obtained 87%. Data were analyzed in SPSS V. 25 software using multivariate ANOVA and regression analysis. Results: The mean±SD age of the participants was 69.67±7.067 years. The mean score of PSS-Fa and the ADL scale was reported 16.55± 5.16 and 55.10±3.07, respectively. Perceived social support, education and age had significant effect correlation with the ability to perform ADL in the elderly (P<0.001), while marital status and gender showed no significant correlation (P>0.05). The age factor was inversely correlated with the ability to perform ADL; hence, the independence of older adults decreases with the increase of age. Conclusion: Many demographic variables and social support affect the ability to perform ADL in the elderly. Social support can be used as a social investment to improve the quality of life of the elderly. Therefore, considering that one of the duties of health care providers is to improve the health status of the elderly, it is necessary for health care providers to increase social support and maintain and promote a healthy and active life for them through educational programs and periodic physical examinations.
7 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the role of self-compassion in predicting loneliness and self-efficacy in the elderly was examined, which showed that selfcompassion has an effective role in reducing loneliness and increasing selfefficacy.
Abstract: Objectives: Giving the growing population of the elderly, it is important to pay attention to their psychological health. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of self-compassion in predicting loneliness and self-efficacy in the elderly. Methods & Materials: This is a descriptive correlational study. Study population consisted of all elderly residents of Gonbad Kavous County in Iran. Of these, 120 (70 women and 50 men) were selected using a convenience sampling technique. Data collection instruments were University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale of Russell et al. (1966), General Self-efficacy Scale of Scherer et al. (1982) and Self-Compassion Scale of Neff (2003). Data analysis was performed by using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Results: Loneliness had a significant negative relationship with self-compassion dimensions of self-kindness, common humanity, mindfulness and its overall score, and a significant positive relationship with self-judgment, isolation and over-identification. Moreover, self-efficacy had a significant positive relationship with self-kindness, common humanity, mindfulness and overall self-compassion score, and a negative significant relationship with self-judgment, isolation and over-identification (P≤0.001). Self-kindness, self-judgment, common humanity, isolation, mindfulness and overall self-compassion score can predict 43% of loneliness variance and self-kindness, self-judgment, mindfulness, isolation and overall self-compassion score can predict 38% of self-efficacy variance. Conclusion: Self-compassion have an effective role in reducing loneliness and increasing self-efficacy in the elderly.
7 citations
TL;DR: A group of factors are associated with the outpatient health service use by the elderly, and should be taken into account by the policymakers to reduce the burden of health services caused by diseases.
Abstract: Objectives: Increasing care needs for the elderly are an important concern for different countries, especially those with an aging population. It is important for health policy making to have knowledge of the factors affecting the use of health services in the elderly to identify the potential problems and develop appropriate interventions for improving utilization and increasing access to health services. This study aims to investigate the barriers and facilitators of the outpatient health service use in the elderly Methods & Materials: In this systematic review, studies in English published from 1996 to 2019 were searched in Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus databases using PRISMA guidelines and related keywords. After eliminating duplicate and irrelevant articles, the quality of remaining articles was evaluated by two evaluators independently, based on STROBE checklist. Narrative synthesis method was used to combine the data Results: Forty-four eligible studies were included for the review. The determinants of the health service use were divided into three categories of predisposing factors (e.g. age, gender, marital status, ethnicity), enabling factors (e.g. income, insurance coverage, education level, employment status, social network, social support), and need factors (e.g. having chronic disease, self-assessed health status, severity of disease, number of diseases, comorbid diseases, physical disability, unhealthy lifestyle). Findings showed that age >80 years, ethnic minority, being unemployed and retired, low educational level, small and limited social network, and physical disability were the barriers to using outpatient health services, while being female, married, having insurance, social support, having a companion during a disease, having children, high income level, and shorter distance to the health care centers were the facilitators of using outpatient health services in the elderly Conclusion: A group of factors are associated with the outpatient health service use by the elderly. These factors include predisposing, enabling, and need-related factors according to Andersen’s behavioral model of health service use. Interventions to increase the use of health services by the elderly should be based on these factors, and should be taken into account by the policymakers to reduce the burden of health services caused by diseases.
7 citations
TL;DR: The ability of the elderly people to perform ADL and IADL can be a good predictor of depression in them and with early assessment of their health and ability by health teams and family members, it is possible to prevent the development of their disability and depression.
Abstract: Objectives: Physical disability to perform daily living activities is one of the major causes of depression in the elderly people. On the other hand, depression is associated with loss of interest in daily activities and lack of independence. The present study aimed to assess the relationship of depression with the ability to perform Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) in older adults in Iran. Methods & Materials: This cross-sectional study was performed on 148 elderly people aged ≥60 years who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. Data were collected by using ADL, IADL, and 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) questionnaires and were then presented by using descriptive statistics and analyzed by Chi-square test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and regression analysis. Results: Participants were 86 female (58.1%) and 62 male (41.9%); 109 (73.6%) aged 60-75 years, and the rest were older than 75 years; 71 (48%) had moderate or severe depression; 4(2.7%) and 61(41.2%) were dependent or in need of help performing ADL and IADL, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that depression has a significant negative correlation with ADL (r= -0.304, P<0.001) and IADL (r=-0.193, P>0.01); i.e. by increasing one of them, the depression decreases. Conclusion: The ability of the elderly people to perform ADL and IADL can be a good predictor of depression in them. With early assessment of their health and ability by health teams and family members, it is possible to prevent the development of their disability and depression.
5 citations
TL;DR: Stress, anxiety and depression in the elderly living in nursing homes are more than in those living at home, and family participation in providing welfare and mental health care, supporting with appropriate insurance coverage, establishing day care centers, and supporting family caregivers can be very helpful to enhance their mental health.
Abstract: Objectives: The increase in the aging population along with a variety of diseases and problems threatening their health and, on the other hand, socio-economic developments and changes in individual and family lifestyles, has increased the number of nursing homes. Considering the importance of the impact of living environment on various aspects of mental health, this study aimed to compare stress, anxiety and depression of the elderly living in nursing homes and those living at home. Methods & Materials: This is a descriptive comparative study with a cross-sectional design conducted in 2017. Using a convenience sampling method, 436 elderly people in Tehran including 218 home dwellers and 218 nursing-home residents were selected. Participants were evaluated through interview by the short-form version of Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). Comparisons between the two groups were made using independent t-test in SPSS v.20 software. Results: Mean and standard deviation of the DASS-21 score in elderly residents of nursing homes (37.75±11.34) was higher than in home dwellers (26.68±5.64). There were statistically significant differences in stress, anxiety and depression between the two groups (P≤0.05). Conclusion: Stress, anxiety and depression in the elderly living in nursing homes are more than in those living at home. Family participation in providing welfare and mental health care, supporting with appropriate insurance coverage, establishing day care centers, and supporting family caregivers can be very helpful to enhance their mental health.
4 citations
TL;DR: Compared to diclofenac gel, melilotus officinalis oil can reduce knee joint pain and stiffness in older people with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis and is suggested for treatment of people with knee osteaarthritis.
Abstract: Objectives: Osteoarthritis is one of the most common diseases among older people which is one the most important causes of disability and heavy socio-economic burden on the elderly and society. This study aimed to investigate the effect of melilotus officinalis oil on knee joint pain and stiffness among older adults with mild to moderate primary knee osteoarthritis. Methods & Materials: This is a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial (registration code: IRCT2016082129461N1). Participants were 61 eligible older adults (35 females and 26 males with a mean age of 78±7.79 years) residing in one of the nursing homes in Tehran, Iran who had mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis clinically diagnosed by an orthopedic physician. Then they were assigned randomly into two groups of intervention and control received melilotus officinalis oil and diclofenac gel, respectively, using a randomization table based on balance block randomization. The data were collected using a demographic form and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) for evaluating knee joint pain and stiffness at baseline, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after the intervention. Collected data were analyzed in SPSS V. 23 software. Results: There was no statistically significant different between the intervention and control groups in terms of sociodemographic variables (age, education, marital status, occupation, smoking, physical activity, chronic illness, and medication) at baseline. Knee pain (F1,58=119.07, P<0.001) and joint stiffness (F 1,58=19.9, P<0.001) reduced significantly in both groups, where the effect size was higher in the intervention group. No considerable side effect reported during the study. Conclusion: Compared to diclofenac gel, melilotus officinalis oil can reduce knee joint pain and stiffness in older people with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis. Therefore, it is suggested for treatment of people with knee osteoarthritis. Further studies are recommended to investigate the mechanism of melilotus oficinalis oil in reducing knee pain and stiffness and determine its effective dosage.
3 citations
TL;DR: Results indicate that the strength and cardiovascular endurance items in elderly sample are valid and reliable, and the Persian version of these items can be used to assess the functional fitness among Iranian elderly people.
Abstract: Objectives: The present research was conducted to evaluate the psychometric properties (validity and reliability) of Persian version of strength and cardiovascular endurance items of functional fitness assessment test in Iranian elderly. Methods & Materials: The statistical sample consisted of 200 elderly (100 males and 100 females) with mean aged 68.05±5.21 years old that were selected by random cluster sampling in Tehran city. The tools used included strength and cardiovascular endurance items of Functional Fitness Assessment test for adults over 60 years (FFAA). Content, structure and concurrent methods was used to evaluate validity. For evaluation of concurrent validity, the hand grip and treadmill tools were used. In order to assess the reliability, the temporal and internal consistency methods were used. Results: The results showed that the content validity of strength and cardiovascular endurance items were confirmed (90%-95%). Results of construct validity showed that the Pearson correlation coefficient between age with strength and cardiovascular endurance items is meaningful significant (0.71-0.75). Results of Pearson correlation coefficient test showed that the correlation between strength and cardiovascular endurance items and laboratory tests related to each of them were obtained for high levels (0.90-0.96). Therefore, the correlation obtained indicates the concurrent validity of this test items. Also, results showed that the test-retest interclass correlation test with a one-week interval, indicate that the temporal stability is acceptable (0.81-0.85). Furthermore, the results of Cronbach's alpha coefficient showed that the internal consistency of each item was acceptable (α>0.75). Conclusion: Results indicate that the strength and cardiovascular endurance items in elderly sample are valid and reliable, and the Persian version of these items can be used to assess the functional fitness among Iranian elderly people.
3 citations
TL;DR: Given the significant relationship of recreational and religious activities with the mental health of the elderly, planners should take the role of mosques, ḥosayniyas, and leisure facility providers such as municipalities, seriously.
Abstract: Objectives: Older adults need vitality to survive. Entertainment and activity for the elderly creates a lively life, boost their self-esteem, and saves them from being inactive and unproductive, which will ultimately improve their mental health. This study aims was to determine the relationship between leisure spending patterns and mental health in the elderly Methods & Materials: This descriptive-analytical study was carried out on 413 elderly people aged ≥60 years, who were selected using a cluster random sampling method from four districts of Tehran, Iran. Data were collected using the standard General Health Questionnaire, and a researcher-made Leisure Spending Scale. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS V. 21 software using descriptive statistics (frequency, standard deviation) and statistical tests including Spearman correlation test and regression analysis. Results: The most frequent leisure activity was TV watching. There was a significant relationship between recreational and religious activities of elderly and their mental health (P<0.0001). Among the confounding factors, physical health had the most impact. Conclusion: Given the significant relationship of recreational and religious activities with the mental health of the elderly, planners should take the role of mosques, ḥosayniyas, and leisure facility providers such as municipalities, seriously. On the other hand, considering the impact of physical health on the relationship of leisure spending with mental health, it is necessary to provide opportunities to the elderly to participate in sports and recreational activities.
TL;DR: The effectiveness of the educational intervention in relation to nutrition of the elderly is significantly influenced by the level of health literacy.
Abstract: Objectives: Health literacy is one of the most important social determinants of elderly health. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the educational intervention on knowledge, attitude, and nutritional behaviors of the elderly with adequate health literacy and inadequate health literacy. Methods & Materials: An experimental study was conducted with 192 people 60 years and older in Ilam Province, Iran, from May to September 2016. The elderly were assigned into four groups (48 subjects in each group), including two intervention groups with adequate and inadequate health literacy and two control groups with sufficient and insufficient health literacy. The elderly nutrition education program consisted of four lecture sessions with questions and answers, along with an elderly nutrition manual for the intervention group. The level of health literacy among the elderly was assessed using functional health literacy in adults. The level of knowledge, attitude, and nutritional behaviors was assessed using a researcher-made questionnaire in two stages before and two months after the educational intervention. The SPSS V. 21 was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics and the Chi-square, paired t test, and Fisher exact test were used for data analysis. Results: The Mean +/- SD age of the men was 61.24 +/- 2.38 years, and the mean +/- SD age of women was 61.35 +/- 2.45 years. The majority of men with adequate health literacy were men (84.37), while the proportion of men and women in those with inadequate health literacy was almost the same. All participants with adequate health literacy and 89.58 of those with inadequate health literacy were married. After the educational intervention, the mean scores of knowledge, attitude, and behavior in the intervention group with adequate health literacy increased significantly (P 0.05). Conclusion: According to the study Results, the effectiveness of the educational intervention in relation to nutrition of the elderly is significantly influenced by the level of health literacy.
TL;DR: Corrective exercise program improved GRF frequency during drop landing in older adults with genu valgum during double-leg drop-landing task.
TL;DR: The sleep patterns have a direct relationship with physical activity behavior; therefore, it is recommended to increase the duration of activity in order to improve the quality of sleep in the elderly.
Abstract: Objectives: Elderly lifestyle and factors such as physical activity, sleep quality, and nutritional patterns affect quality of life. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between sleep quality and elderly lifestyle with an emphasis on physical activity. Methods & Materials: A descriptive-analytic research method was used in which 130 elderly women aged 60-70 years old in Qazvin City in 1397 at the Sports and Health Consultation Center of Sports and Youth Department of Qazvin Province were selected by available sampling method. The nutritional analysis of the subjects was evaluated before the tests to control the effect of food intake on the results using N4 software. The sleep and physical activity recording device (Actiwatch-8) was used to collect data. Pearson correlation coefficient was used for data analysis. Results: The results of the study showed that there was a significant relationship between physical activity with sleep duration (P=0.04), awakening bouts (P=0.038), actual sleep (P=0.003) and time in bed (P=0.035). Conclusion: According to the results, the sleep patterns have a direct relationship with physical activity behavior; therefore, it is recommended to increase the duration of activity in order to improve the quality of sleep in the elderly.
TL;DR: An 8-week exercise program focused on Anticipatory Postural Adjustments (APAs) can be effective in improving postural control and motor function of the elderly.
Abstract: Objectives: Improving balance and motor function in the elderly for preventing falling and its irreparable consequences has attracted the attention of many researchers in the field of aging. The purpose of the present is to investigate the effect of an exercise program based on Anticipatory Postural Adjustments (APAs) on postural control and motor function of the elderly. Methods & Materials: In this experimental study conducted in 2017, the study population consists of 38 eligible male elderly people with a history of falls at least once in the last six months living in Isfahan, Iran in two groups: 18 in the test group (mean age =70.4±3.2, mean height=65.3±6.2 cm, mean weight= 65.3±4.2 kg) and 15 in the control group (mean age =69.6±3.1 years, mean height =167±5.5 cm, mean weight =67.3±6.8). A foot-scan device was used to measure their postural control, and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test was taken to measure their motor function. Data were analyzed in SPSS v. 20 software using repeated measures ANOVA at the significance level of P≤0.05. Results: The exercise program significantly improved the mean postural control scores in anterior/posterior direction from 28.1±6.2 to 20.5±2.4 (F=8.21, P≤0.05), in medial/lateral direction from 17.1±1.5 to 13.2±2.9 (F=13.4, P≤0.05), and in overall from 312.4±21.2 to 285.8±17.5 (F=10.02, P≤0.05); It also improved the mean TUG test score from 13.3±2.1 to 10.1±1.0 (F=16.02, P≤0.05). The experimental group showed a better performance than the control group after exercise in TUG test and postural control parameters (P≤0.05). Conclusion: An 8-week exercise program focused on APAs can be effective in improving postural control and motor function of the elderly.
TL;DR: The Elderly's Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire (EHLSQ) has appropriate reliability and validity for assessing lifestyle in the elderly and can be used to evaluate lifestyle among the elderly in various studies.
Abstract: Objectives: Investigating the elderly's lifestyle conditions is a challenging issue, due to various factors influencing lifestyle. The current study was developed to explore the construct and validity of the Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire (HLQ) among the Iranian elderly who receive home care services. Methods & Materials: This combinatory, sequential exploratory study was conducted for creating a lifestyle measuring tool among the elderly in Tehran City, Iran, in 2018. The research was performed in 4 steps including the following: studying semi-structured texts and interviews (the elderly & specialists); extracting fields and factors related to lifestyle; validity examination, and the final assessment on the target community (reliability). To check the validity, ratio tests were implemented by the expert's panel (n=20 in 8 different specialty fields related to the elderly's treatment). Besides, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was implemented to check the scale’s reliability (n=40). SPSS was also used for the statistical analysis of the collected data. Results: The agreed limit for the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) was selected as 42% according to the specialist's number. Accordingly, out of 130 extracted questions, only 69 questions, CVR point was more than the agreed limit (CVR≥0.42). Thus, the remained question's CVR point equaled 52.5, by dividing it by the number of remained questions. CVI was calculated to be 0.76 for the whole questionnaire. Moreover, CVI was more than the agreed limit for all the questions in 11 fields (CVI≥0.76). Lifestyle’s Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.979) was >0.7. Conclusion: The Elderly's Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire (EHLSQ) has appropriate reliability and validity for assessing lifestyle in the elderly. It can be used to evaluate lifestyle among the elderly in various studies.
TL;DR: This study aims to introduce a simple formula to obtain and interpret the Total Deviation Index (TDI) and encourage researchers to use it as a suitable tool to determine the reliability in psychometrics studies.
Abstract: Objectives: Since the study on the elderly people and recording related data requires more accuracy, the calculation of measurement error is very important. This study aims to introduce a simple formula to obtain and interpret the Total Deviation Index (TDI) and encourage researchers to use it as a suitable tool to determine the reliability in psychometrics studies. Methods & Materials: In this cross-sectional study conducted in 2019, participants were 105 older adults living in Tehran, Iran. The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire was completed by them within two weeks. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and TDI values were calculated and compared for each subscale of the SF-36. Results: The lowest TDI value belonged to the “physical functioning” subscale, while the “emotional problems” subscale had the highest TDI value. At a 95% confidence interval, the maximum measurement errors in physical functioning and emotional problems were reported 22 and 34 (out of 100), respectively. Conclusion: Since the ICC cannot determine how much of the difference in the subscale scores is related to the measurement error, and given the simple interpretation of the TDI, it is recommended that researchers use the proposed formula and obtain the TDI value for the reliability in psychometrics studies.
TL;DR: The requirements of a telehealth monitoring system for the elderly were determined, and a valid and reliable questionnaire was developed using these requirements.
Abstract: Objectives: Telehealth management systems for elderly people should have the features, capabilities, and infrastructure that meet home care managementchr('39')s diverse needs. Since there is no valid and reliable questionnaire to determine these requirements, this studychr('39')s primary purpose was to determine a telehealth monitoring systemchr('39')s requirements for the elderly and present it as a valid and reliable questionnaire. Methods & Materials: This study was descriptive-analytical and performed in 2019. The items for the Questionnaire were obtained from a systematic review study. To review, the selected keywords such as elderly, home care, telecare, telehealth, and information technology from 2013 to October 2019 were searched on selected databases. Results: Based on the studychr('39')s findings, the parameters, and requirements of a telehealth monitoring system for the elderly were identified in 97 items. Furthermore, the first 31 items of the questionnaire were removed due to low validity and reliability. In the next phase, the final questionnaire with 66 items, content validity ratio of 99%, Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient (0.9) and desirable correlation coefficient (r=0.85, p<0.05) were designed. Conclusion: In this study, the requirements of a telehealth monitoring system for the elderly were determined, and a valid and reliable questionnaire was developed using these requirements. The questionnaire was designed in five parts: applications, functional requirements, non-functional requirements, tools, and communication infrastructure. Health care system designers may use the study results to determine the applications and requirements of elderly health monitoring systems.