Showing papers in "Journal of building pathology and rehabilitation in 2023"
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TL;DR: In this paper , the authors carried out a study on the durability of concrete with the replacement of cement by glass waste, to verify its performance in relation to conventional concrete, identifying the advantages that attest to its use in civil construction as an alternative to concrete to be used in buildings.
Abstract: Concrete consists of cement, water, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and air. The cement manufacturing process is responsible for a large carbon dioxide emission. Therefore, several research have been conducted to find advantageous substitute materials, even if only partially. Waste glass emerges as an alternative because it is a non-biodegradable inert material, with a high recycling rate and low cost. Several studies on recycled glass as a partial substitute for cement in concrete have already been conducted in terms of workability, strength, and properties, but few have reviewed the durability properties of concrete incorporating glass waste. It is a fact that durability is of great importance for the performance of concrete, because compromising it can lead to the emergence of pathologies. This article aims to carry out a study on the durability of concrete with the replacement of cement by glass waste, to verify its performance in relation to conventional concrete, identifying the advantages that attest to its use in civil construction as an alternative to concrete to be used in buildings, whether in new constructions or in the process of rehabilitation or maintenance.
TL;DR: In this article , the use of silica fume and/or biopolymers (egg albumen and additive derived from the reuse of milk unfit for human consumption) in producing these mortars was investigated.
Abstract: Restoration of heritage buildings requires an appropriate choice of materials, as inappropriate materials can lead to degradation rather than preservation. Hydrated lime and sand mortars are the most suitable for masonry cladding. However, they have low durability regarding current requirements. This work investigates the use of silica fume and/or biopolymers (egg albumen and additive derived from the reuse of milk unfit for human consumption (complexes of whey protein with κ-casein) in producing these mortars. Some mortars were characterized by mechanical properties (compressive and diametric strength, absorption rate) and chemical properties (SEM, Infrared spectrum). The research revealed that silica fume addition allows an increase of more than 50% in the mechanical strength of the mortars when associated with animal protein. The value may be higher than 60%, especially for biopolymers (complexes of whey protein with κ-casein). Finally, the proteins in the mortar mixture provide intense air entry that results in the formation of more pores. This increase in voids allows more CO2 to enter, directly contributing to a faster carbonation process and performance mortar.
TL;DR: The Alcino Cardoso House (first phase: 1971-1973; second phase: 1988-1991), located in northern Portugal, was one of the first interventions in pre-existing buildings undertaken by the Pritzker Prize-winner architect Álvaro Siza (1933) to receive national and international acclaim as discussed by the authors .
Abstract: Abstract The Alcino Cardoso House (first phase: 1971–1973; second phase: 1988–1991), located in northern Portugal, was one of the first interventions in pre-existing buildings undertaken by the Pritzker Prize-winner architect Álvaro Siza (1933) to receive national and international acclaim. The design consisted of the conservation of vernacular farm buildings and their transformation into a holiday home and tourist accommodation. This intervention echoes the concerns of the critical revision of modern architecture in the Portuguese context (the so-called ‘third way’ as coined by Fernando Távora) marked by an innovative reinterpretation of tradition: modern principles such as spatial fluidity, curtain wall glass façade, architectural promenade are introduced while respecting the pre-existence landscape and character by integrating vernacular design principles and construction techniques. This early Álvaro Siza intervention in a rural context has become a reference case-study for the School of Porto architects and provides us with lessons on contemporary reuse of built heritage.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors focus on the experience of the Rehabilitation Nucleus of the Construction Institute (NR-IC), integrated in the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto (FEUP), in the analysis, inspection, and diagnosis of structures with ancient defensive walls existing in Portugal.
Abstract: Abstract This paper focuses on the experience of the Rehabilitation Nucleus of the Construction Institute (NR-IC), integrated in the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto (FEUP) in the analysis, inspection, and diagnosis of structures with ancient defensive walls existing in Portugal. Aiming at promoting careful and heritage-respecting rehabilitation interventions, in line with the recommendations of ICOMOS (International Council on Monuments and Sites), the NR-IC has participated in several conservation and requalification projects. The development and implementation of a consolidated and holistic methodology of inspection and diagnosis aims to intervene in these historic structures by respecting their authenticity and integrity. In this context, this paper addresses two cases studies in different contexts and state of conservation: the Penedono Castle, in the countryside, and the Peniche Fortress in the sea shore.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors proposed a low-cost optical interrogation system based on the use of tunable filters and edge filters in the monitoring of low and high frequencies, and consequent digital processing of the collected signals through the find_picks algorithm and the Fourier transform.
Abstract: Optical fiber sensors have great potential for application in civil construction, especially in the field of structural health monitoring. However, one of the barriers to the diffusion of these sensors is allied to the fact that their implementation is quite expensive, mainly due to the high price of commercial optical interrogators. Therefore, the present work seeks to develop a low-cost optical interrogation system. For this, the present study proposes the development of this system based on the use of tunable filters and edge filters in the monitoring of low and high frequencies, and consequent digital processing of the collected signals through the find_picks algorithm and the Fourier transform. As a result, it was possible to observe the adequate functioning of the tunable filters, with the validation of the system using a FBG, and a previous simulation for the edge filter system with frequencies superior to 100 kHz.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors proposed an Unmanned Aircraft System (drone) inspection framework for communities where guidelines for this emerging technology have yet to be provided, where pilot training in an area with similar features to the structure to be inspected, developing best inspection practices for future application, selecting a bridge for detailed inspection using non-destructive testing methods such as visual inspection, and inspecting the bridge using the UAS inspection framework developed for the area.
Abstract: Abstract The following paper proposes an Unmanned Aircraft System (drone) inspection framework for communities where guidelines for this emerging technology have yet to be provided. The framework involves pilot training in an area with similar features to the structure to be inspected, developing best inspection practices for future application, selecting a bridge for detailed inspection using non-destructive testing methods such as visual inspection, and inspecting the bridge using the UAS inspection framework developed for the area. The results of both reviews are compared, and the framework is validated. The final inspection framework is presented in the paper, along with relevant conclusions and future work. The proposed framework can be valuable for infrastructure owners and inspectors to conduct more efficient and cost-effective bridge inspections while ensuring safety in communities with limited UAS guidelines and research work. The structural analysis, qualitative assessment, and load rating of the case study are presented as proof of concept on the effectiveness of the UAS bridge inspection and its advantages.