Showing papers in "Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data in 1975"

Density, thermal expansivity, and compressibility of liquid water from 0° to 150°C: correlations and tables for atmospheric pressure and saturation reviewed and expressed on 1968 temperature scale.

Abstract: A review is given of the temperature dependence of the density of liquid water from 40" to 150°C The inclusion of new literature data indicates that most previous correlations have been 10 ppm low at 70-80°C An expression is derived, Equation 16, expressed on the IPTS-68 and valid from 0" to 150"C, that is in improved agreement with most data sets Recent literature values of the velocity of sound permit the calculation of more reliable isothermal compressibilities The errors of these compressibilities;, from velocity of sound, density, thermal expansivity, and specific heat, are examined, and the error in the calculated compressibilities is estimated as 03 X lO-'bar-' at 4'C and as7 X 100°C This paper supersedes two papers previously given by the same author The revision of correlating and interpolating equations, and of estimated best values and their errors, must be repeated whenever standards are modified or a significant addition is made to the pool of experimental data At atmospheric pressure (=101325 bar), the volume or density, the thermal expansivity, and the compressibility are among the properties of liquid water that are known with sufficient precision for the introduction of the 1968 lnternational Practical Temperature Scale (72) to make it

Diffusion coefficients in dilute binary liquid mixtures

Abstract: A correlation for the estimation of diffusion coefficients at infinite dilution and self-diffusion coefficients is obtained by adapting the Stokes-Einstein equation lo binary mixtures in which the size of molecules of the solute and the solvent is of the same order of magnitude. The ratios of the molecular sizes and of the parachors of the pure components are used to account for the intermolecular forces. The correlation is successfully tested with a considerable amount of available experimental data. The limits of the applicability of the correlation are indicated.

Solubilities of oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide in aqueous alcohol solutions

Abstract: Gas solubilities over the complete range of composition for aqueous alcohol solutions at a partial pressure of 1 atm and at temperatures ranging from 0" to 40°C were measured. The systems studied were 0 2 in methanolwater, 0 2 in ethanol-water, 0 2 in 1-propanol-water, 0 2 in 2-propanol-water, all at 0", 20", and 40°C; N2 in methanol-water, N2 in ethanol-water, N2 in l-propanolwater, N2 in 2-propanol-water, all at 20" and 40°C; CO2 in 1-propanol-water, COP in 2-propanol-water, all at IO", 20", 30", and 40°C.

Solubility of alkylbenzenes in distilled water and sea water at 25.0.deg.

Abstract: The solubilities of a number of alkylbenzenes are measured in distilled water and seawater at 25.OoC. Saturation is achieved by equilibrating water with aromatic hydrocarbon vapor at the equilibrium vapor pressure of the alkylbenzene involved. Results indicate that for monosubstituted alkylbenzenes, the size of the alkyl substituent is important in determining the solubility, whereas for polysubstituted alkylbenzenes, the positions of the substituents on the benzene ring are also important.

Temperature and Concentration Dependence of Mutual Diffusion Coefficients of Some Binary Liquid Systems

Abstract: Mutual diffusion coefficients are measured for ethanol-water, acetone-water, and acetone-chloroform systems by means of a three-compartment cell. In each case, the results cover the complete concentration range and temperatures from 25°C to around the normal boiling point. The diffusion coefficients ai the terminal concentrations and those at the normal boiling point are obtained by extrapolation of the experimental values. The uncertainty of the experimental diffusion coefficients is estimated to be f2.6%. These results are compared with the results computed from various prediction correlations. Most mass transfer and heat transfer calculations in chemical engineering employ mutual diffusion coefficients at the ambient and at the higher temperatures. These data are scarce because of experimental difficulties of measurement, particularly at the higher temperatures.

Low-temperature K data for methane-n-pentane

Abstract: The current interest in the recovery of light hydrocarbons from natural gas necessitates the obtaining of fundamental vapor-liquid equilibrium data for at least the binary systems. Data for the methane-n-butane system were reported previously, and this study is merely an extension to another system where literature data are not available. Phase equilibrium data are presented for the methane-n-pentane system at low temperatures and high pressures. A total of 7 isotherms, from 50/sup 0/ to -140/sup 0/F and 50 to 2,300 psia, is obtained. The measured data are in good agreement with previously reported values.

Vapor pressures and thermodynamic properties of lanthanide triiodides

Abstract: The vapor pressures of the stable lanthanide triiodides from C e l ~ to Tml3 are measured in the Knudsen cell range. The vapor pressures of these compounds are all similar, with a variation of a factor of three between Cel3 and Tml3, the lowest and highest vapor pressures, respectively. The standard enthalpies of sublimation of these iodides do not decrease monotonically with the atomic number of the lanthanides. Thermodynamic properties of the lanthanide triiodides are derived from the vapor-pressure data.

Liquid-phase mass transfer in fixed and fluidized beds of large particles

Abstract: Mass transfer in fixed and fluidized beds of particles is encountered in many chemical engineering processes. Considerable experlmental information on this subject has been reported in the literature over the past 30 years. The volume of this information is very large, and a complete summary has been given elsewhere (27). For the most part, the measurements in this field are concerned with the estimation of mass-transfer rates in systems involving gases. The measurements with liquids are mainly concerned with fixed beds, and relatively few data are available for liquid fluidized beds, particularly of large particles. The results are normally correlated in terms of the Chilton-Colburn (2) J d factor and a particle Reynolds number. In some cases, the Sherwood number has also been used. The exponent on the Schmidt group in the Jd factor is usually 2/3; however, in certain cases 0.58 has also been used (3, 8, 23). The particle Reynolds numbers used are: NRe = DpG / p (1) N R ~ ’ = DpG/pt (2) NRe” = DpG/p( l t ) (3)

Heats of mixing of binary systems of isopentanol and 1-pentanol with hexane isomers at 25.deg.. Measurement and prediction by analytical group solution model

Abstract: Heats of mixing are measured at 25°C for binary systems of normal or isopentanol with hexane isomers (2,2-dimethylbutane, 2,3-dimethylbutane, 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, and n-hexane). Data are also presented for mixtures of isopentanol with n-heptane and n-octane. The analytical group solution model developed for n-alkane-n-alcohol systems gives satisfactory predictions of heats of mixing for the systems studied. Branching in these systems has only a second order effect on the heats of mixing, and no modification of the analytical group solution model is necessary.

Solubilities of explosives. Dimethylformamide as general solvent for explosives

Abstract: Solubilities of representative explosives (RDX, HMX, HNS, and DATB) in various solvents are determined in a search for a general solvent for explosives. Dimethylformamide, although it forms a solvate with HMX, appears to be the best choice. Dimethylsulfoxide, butyrolactone, or butyrolactone-dimethylsulfoxide mixtures can be used for HMX. Solubilities of both organic and inorganic explosives (inorganic components of explosives) in dimethylformamide are given.

Equilibrium-phase properties of nitrogen-hydrogen sulfide system

Abstract: after an average of 12 expansions is 0.0024%. The relative error in the compressibility factors at intermediate pressures is then approximately 0.0024 jt for the jth expansion, becauss this error in any individual Z value is caused only by the effect of the N O error on the subsequent expansions. Therefore, the error in compressibility factor from this source at initial pressure is 0.168%. The maximum uncertainty in the extrapolation in the curve P j n i = 1 ' N L vs. P j to get the cell constant is 0.02%. When all these possible errors are considered, the Z values determined are probably accurate to f0.19%.

Solubility of toluene in aqueous salt solutions

Abstract: Salt effects on the solubilities of nonelectrolytes in water have been investigated theoretically as well as experimentally by many workers, and a number of correlating or predicting methods have been described in the literature (6-70). A majority of these experiments was devoted to the solubilities of gases in liquids. Salt effects on the solubility of liquid nonelectrolytes in water are also of industrial importance in liquid-liquid contact operations such as in extraction processes. In the present work, an experimental investigation of the solubilities of toluene in 12 aqueous salt solutions was made at 25OC. The equilibrium data were obtained by employing a method similar to that described by Sobotka and Kahn ( 7 7).