Showing papers in "Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences in 2017"

Strategic Management – Formulation, Implementation and Control*

Abstract: This article reviews the book titled ‘Strategic Management – Formulation, Implementation and Control’ authored by John A. Pearce II, Richard B. Robinson Jr. and Amita Mital. As of 2017, John A. Pearce II is a Professor of Strategic Management and Entrepreneurship at the College of Commerce and Finance at Villanova University; Richard B. Robinson, Jr is a distinguished Professor Emeritus at the Moore School of Business at University of South Carolina and Amita Mital is Professor at Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow. Professor Pearce has co-authored more than 40 books and has authored several articles in referred journals. Professor Robinson also has authored several books on Strategic Management and has published his research work in the area of Strategic Management and Entrepreneurship in major journals. Professor Amita Mital is Professor in Strategic Management at Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow and his research areas include Strategic Management, Strategic Change, Strategies of Collaboration, etc.,

The Theoretical Framework of Teacher Collaboration

Abstract: Lortie (1975) drew attention to the problem of isolation and school improvement in his work.He defined a school as cellular structured classrooms, which means that classrooms are isolated from each other and do not allow teachers to interact with each other in the school.According to Lortie (1975) isolation prevents improving creativity and teaching instructions. When it comes to the possible solutions to teacher isolation, Saunders, Goldenberg, &Gallimore (2009) and Kelchtermans, 2006 suggested teacher collaboration as a way to stop teacher isolation. Saunders. Nevertheless, approaches to teacher collaboration are not generally agreed, but various: while some researchers such as Hargreaves (1994) state the positive effects of collaboration, others including Jonson (2003) focus on negative impact of collaboration on teachers, school culture and effectiveness. So, this study examine the broad literature on collaboration with a deep analyses of collaborative culture with special focus on forms and characteristics and the factors promoting and restricting collaboration. The study is a result of deep and comprehensive analyse of literature: 334 articles and 52 books.

Socio-cultural Constraints of Girls’ Access to Education in Mtwara District, Tanzania

Abstract: Education is a very crucial tool that gives an individual identity and prepares him/her with the related skills and knowledge which enables him/her to solve the different challenges that s/he may face everyday life in general. Education assists a person to be productive in various aspects of life (Zombwe 2010). Education helps to create awareness to girls about their rights and give them confidence and empower them to achieve human rights that denied to them. Girls’ education has also verified to be an amazingly effective promoter for social development and economic growth in developing countries. Thus it makes some sense that educating the girl is to empower the broader society (UNICEF 2007). Though its significant girls lag behind it, worldwide, while the numbers of children out of school have been lessening since 2005; girls comprise a small proportion compared to boys. In general, around 28 million boys and 30 million girls who are supposed to be at primary school by their age are out of school, worldwide. Conversely, there are differences according to regions. There is also a big difference in out of school rates if compare girls and boys of secondary education age across regions, only a few girls have the opportunity to continue with secondary education (Katie 2015).

Factors influencing the adoption of mobile financial services in the unbanked population

Abstract: Peer reviewed article published under Inkanyiso journal, Volume 9 Number 1, Jan 2017, p. 37 – 51

Writing Behaviors and Critical Thinking Styles: The Case of Blended Learning

Abstract: Writing is considered as one of the most important language skills by many scholars in the field. In fact, writing is believed to be a difficult language skill for learners of English as a second language as well as English as a foreign language and even for native speakers (Ting, 2003). According to Wigglesworth and Storch (2009), writing has been a major concern for both English language teachers and learners. To this end, different approaches have been taken to teaching writing (e.g. product approach, process approach, and genre approach). In fact teaching of writing has become an important research area among educational researchers, linguists, applied linguists, and teachers since the early 1970s. The ability to write effectively is becoming increasingly important in our global community, and instruction in writing is thus assuming an increasing role in both second and foreign language education (Weigle, 2002).

Applying the knowledge creation model to the management of indigenous knowledge research

Abstract: In present-day society, the need to manage indigenous knowledge is widely recognised. However, there is a debate in progress on whether or not indigenous knowledge can be easily managed. The purpose of this paper is to examine the possibility of using knowledge management models like knowledge creation theory in the management of indigenous knowledge. The paper defines knowledge creation as a process that stems from accumulating information, while knowledge transfer refers to “the transfer of knowledge to places and people, where it is needed to be used to fulfil some activity or task”. This paper presents the literature which was used to review and to explore previous studies in the IK and knowledge creation Model (KCM) particularly on the possibility of using knowledge creation theory to inform the management of indigenous knowledge. Despite criticism of KCM, the model/theory can potentially be applied to link tacit and explicit knowledge and by extension IK through four modes of the knowledge creation: socialisation, externalisation, combination and internalisation as revealed in the wide use of the model in knowledge management in society and organisations. Keywords: Knowledge creation theory, indigenous knowledge, ICTs, knowledge management

Strategies for managing deviant behaviour among in-school adolescents as expressed by secondary school counsellors in Kwara State, Nigeria

Abstract: This study investigated strategies for managing deviant behaviour among in-school adolescents as expressed by secondary school counsellors in Kwara State. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design method. The target population for this study consisted of secondary school counsellors in the state. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 70 respondents from each of the three senatorial districts in Kwara State. The questionnaire titled “Strategies for Managing Deviant Behaviour Questionnaire” was administered to the school counsellors. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for the data analysis. The findings revealed that deviant behaviour is caused by a lack of effective parental upbringing. Also, the major strategy employed by counsellors in handling behavioural problems is the reinforcement technique. The findings revealed that there were no significant differences in the counsellors’ perception on the strategies for managing deviant behaviour among in-school adolescents on the basis of years in service, religion and type of school. To this end, counsellors should continue to provide right information to in-school adolescents about the negative effects of deviant behaviours. The findings of this study will be of benefit to school administrators, teachers and counsellors as it will give them an insight into handling deviant behaviour exhibited among in-school adolescents. Keywords: deviant behaviour; in-school-adolescents; counsellors; secondary school

The policy drive of Thailand 4.0

Abstract: The global economy has transformed from agrarian based society or Economy 1.0 to society of innovation or Economy 1.0. The changes in the global economy is the driving force for developing country like Thailand to adapt changes consistently, specifically address the challenges such as middle income trap, inequality trap and imbalance trap to advance forward towards the stability, prosperous and sustainable country. In the context of the flux of change in the global economy, equitable development principle has taken the primal concern in policy making across countries.This policy is driven by 10 strategies according to the value chain concept and is based on the philosophy of sufficient economy. There is need to address the development issues and the concrete indicators of success, in order to achieve the final goal of participation from the Thai people in the Thai society for a sustainable development. However, the important factor to make Thailand Economy 4.0 achieve a success is to deliver the knowledge to the society, to enable the people to be aware, to realize the value and to participate in the developmentdrive and monitor the mechanisms. Educating the people in Thai society inevitably must come from joint participations and cooperation of the education institutions, together with the other concerned organizations. Keywords: Policy; Economy; Thailand 4.0.

Contextual background to the rapid increase in migration from Zimbabwe since 1990

Abstract: This paper provides a contextual background to and causes of recent emigration from Zimbabwe. With an estimated quarter of the population currently living outside Zimbabwe, migration from the country is unprecedented. The country is now ranked as one of the top ten migrant-sending countries in sub-Saharan Africa that include Mali, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Eritrea, Nigeria, Mozambique, South Africa, Sudan and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Periods of migration are divided into sections, beginning with the war of liberation (1960-1979) to 1990; 1991 to 1997 and 1998 and beyond. Migration was caused by inter-related factors ranging from political and economic instability, poverty, low returns to labour, unemployment, increased informalisation of the economy, fluctuation in prices of basic commodities and their erratic supply. Migrants from Zimbabwe are a diverse combination of people of all ages that include professionals, semi-skilled and unskilled workers, documented and undocumented migrants dispersed in countries in the region, predominantly South Africa and Botswana, and far-flung countries like the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Whereas in the past male migration was dominant, by 2000 women have migrated in almost equal numbers with men. Keywords: Zimbabwe, migration, causes, period, unemployment, political, economic and social instability

Improving Emotion Regulation skills through an Emotional Intelligence Training Course

Abstract: In recent years, there has been considerable scientific interest in the research of emotion regulation in general mental-health and psychotherapy research. Gross (1998) defined emotion regulation as“the process by which individuals influence which emotions they have, when they have them, and how they experience and express these emotions ( p. 275)”. Individuals regulate their emotions through these processes consciously and unconsciously (Bargh & Williams, 2007; Rottenberg & Gross, 2003) to respond environmental demands (Campbell-Sills & Barlow, 2007; Cole, Martin, & Dennis, 2004; Thompson, 1994). In another definition, emotion regulation is „„the extrinsic and intrinsic processes responsible for monitoring, evaluating, and modifying emotional reactions, intensive and temporal features, to accomplish one‟s goals‟‟ (Thompson, 1994, pp. 27-28).

Library and Information Science education in Anglophone Africa: Past, present and future

Abstract: The purpose of this article is to describe the historical development of Library and Information Science (LIS) schools on the African continent from the colonial period to the present. It highlights the factors that contributed to the growth of library schools and challenges experienced in their development. This study was based entirely on literature review and the author’s extensive knowledge, teaching experience and research in LIS education in Africa. Information was obtained from both published and non-published sources. Colleagues in LIS education also contributed immensely to the outcome of the work. It was found that the earliest schools were initially known as library schools. The term changed to LIS schools much later, after independence. Library schools started in the colonial era, initially in South Africa, moving all the way through West Africa to East Africa. The curricula used in the schools were based on programmes prevailing in the mother country. Unesco played an important role in the development of library schools on the continent. It came up with the concept of regional library schools. Public and academic libraries were instrumental in agitating for the establishment of library schools. With the onset of independence on the continent, the concept of regional schools died, giving rise to self-sufficiency. Currently, LIS schools are mushrooming all over the continent. It is concluded that if this trend is not checked, it could have a serious effect on the quality of the graduates. Although the future of LIS schools is bright, it will greatly depend on how the library profession is marketed. LIS schools will need to match the rapid changes taking place in the information industry. Keywords: Africa, East Africa School of Librarianship, Library and information science education, library schools, library education, schools of information sciences

Mapping the impact of economic crisis on Greek education

Abstract: The present study, which is part of the research project entitled “Teacher Support Confronting Social Inequalities” (TOCSIN), aims at investigating the consequences of the economic crisis on the vulnerable population at early childhood education schools (children aged from four to nine years old). In particular, the study explores the effects of economic crisis on children and school units in Greek public schools as well as the practices that educators may implement to cope with the problems arisen in the school environment because of the economic crisis. The data were collected through a researcher-designed questionnaire administered to the school principals. Three hundred sixteen (316) school principals of Greek kindergartens and primary schools participated in the research. The results of the study indicated that children have difficulties in feeding, clothing/footwear, in participating in school activities (e.g., excursions, museum visits) and extra-curricular activities (e.g., foreign language classes, dance lessons), and in buying the necessary school material. Regarding the effects of economic crisis on the function of schools, they mostly have to do with the renewal of technological equipment and building maintenance. Simultaneously, the results revealed that teachers' practices that seem to be more common among school units are the reduction in student stationery and materials, the implementations of education programs offering students emotional support the collaboration with other organizations, such as the Municipality, Church, social groceries, and the frequent contact with the Parents' Association of the school unit. The results of the study are further discussed, while future research is suggested.

กระบวนการจัดการความรู้ knowledge management process

Abstract: บทคดยอ กระบวนการจดการความรในแตละองคกรมความแตกตางกนทงองคกรภาครฐ องคกรภาคเอกชน และองคกรภาคชมชน ซงแตละแหงสามารถเลอกใชไดตามความเหมาะสมกบบรบทขององคกร จากประสบการณวจยและเปนทปรกษาดานการจดการความรใหกบหลายองคการ พบวากระบวนการจดการความรทเหมาะสมและเขาใจไดงายกบบคลากรขององคกรคอ กระบวนการจดการความร CRSM Model ทไดมการพฒนาใหสอดคลองกบเปาหมายของสวนราชการและองคกรทางการศกษา ประกอบดวย 4 ขนตอน ดงน 1. การถอดความร (Capture Knowledge) 2. การแลกเปลยนเรยนร (Knowledge Sharing) 3. การนำความรไปใช (Knowledge Reuse) และ 4. การบำรงรกษาความร (Knowledge Maintainace) คำสำคญ : กระบวนการ การจดการความร Abstract The procedure of knowledge management in each organization is different from both private and public sections as well as the community sectors, which have selectively chosen the proper contexts of those settings. By researching and consulting experience in knowledge management, it was found that the simple way to assign the organizational personnel in public or governmental sectors is “CRSM Model”, which is developed to serve the targets of bureaucratic and educational systems consisting of 4 steps by the followings: 1. Capture Knowledge 2. Knowledge Sharing 3. Knowledge Reuse and 4.Knowledge Maintenance Keywords: Process Knowledge Management

West Africa – the Region’s Pivotal Role in International Drug Trafficking

Abstract: The international community is now paying greater attention to the trafficking of drugs across the African continent. On 28 May 2009, the Woodrow Wilson International Centre held an international conference devoted to the implications of this phenomenon and a good number of conferences on this topic have followed since. Drug trafficking through African countries has been developing for nearly a quarter of a century, and many cross border linkages have emerged: Nigeria, for instance, is serving as an intermediary in this illicit trade. The first significant contacts between West African criminal organizations and Latin American countries apparently emerged between 2000 and 2003, in tandem with broader globalization processes. Since then, this field of organized crime has developed on many levels.

Sources of Sustainable competitive Advantage: A Study & Industry Outlook

Abstract: Today, the Business Environment is highly dynamic. Customers are demanding for competitive products/services. Firms are expected to be customer responsive and highly agile. To sustain their position in Industry, firms are performing external analysis to identify their opportunities/threats and are also performing Internal Analysis to identify their core competency. This is followed by developing and implementing strategies around their core competency which is considered as their source of Sustainable Competitive advantage. Some of the sources of Sustainable Competitive Advantage (SCA) include Low cost leadership, Quality, Speed, focusing on specific segment of the market, Innovation, developing human assets, Outsourcing, entering into Strategic Alliances, creating virtual organization, Knowledge Management, building a learning organization, etc. Today, the mantra to survive is ‘Bigger the Better’. Apart from exploiting the individual firm’s unique competency, firms are also entering into mergers and strategic alliances to improve their competitiveness in their industry. This study explores the various source of competitive advantage of selected companies that have employed them successfully. The strategies adopted by individual firms to sustain in market place will be explored and firms which are successful by merging or entering with strategic alliance with other companies will also be discussed. Keywords : Competitive Advantage; Strategy; Mergers; Strategic Alliances

Exploring the Value of Understanding Society for Neighbourhood Effects Analyses

Abstract: Related data set “Understanding Society: Waves 1-6, 2009-2015” with DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5255/UKDA-SN-6614-7 in repository “UK Data Service”.Understanding Society is a large representative household panel study for the UK. The study follows the same 40,000 households over time, beginning in 2009 and providing a detailed picture of how people’s lives are changing. One of the many innovative features of Understanding Society is that a great deal of information about neighbourhoods can be used alongside the individual and household-level information collected in the study, making it a useful study for neighbourhood effects analyses. In this paper we explore four Understanding Society data products, based on four different types of rural-urban neighbourhood classifications, to throw light on how much heterogeneity in neighbourhood contexts is captured in the first waves of Understanding Society, including change in neighbourhood contexts.

Feedback for Effective Learning: Stumbling Blocks/ Learning Barriers in Communication between Learning and Teaching

Abstract: Feedback is an integral part of communication. It renders an opportunity to evaluate the success of communication. In case of classroom learning, feedback plays an important role as it makes the learning process smooth. It is effective for students and teachers in analyzing the performance and designing the teaching methodology. The feedback given by teachers to the students about their work and performance is equally important to the feedback given by students about their understanding regarding the topic taught by the teachers. The importance of feedback is widely known and it covers students’ motivation, their willingness to prove themselves and their confidence in the learning process. It is also required to identify and evaluate the barriers in communication between the teachers and the students. To accomplish this purpose a well-structured survey was conducted covering approximately sixty five students. As per the result of the surveys students showed lack of interest in open interaction in the class. Non-native English speaking students felt language as a barrier. Students felt difficulties in understanding the content. Students faced problems to understand the instructions given by the teacher. The stumbling blocks that affect the feedback process should be effectively removed to provide solution to help both students and teachers to communicate well. Two way feedback is important in continuous improvement in teaching and learning. Teacher and students’ feedback to each other not only enhances the learning of students but it also improves the teaching methodology based on the feedback provided.

Corpus Stylistic Analysis of Thomas Harris' The Silence of the Lambs

Abstract: Then, he defines corpus stylistics as \"corpus stylistics is simply corpus linguistics with a different object of study (literature as opposed to non-literary language)\". Besides, he demonstrates that the difference between them is that corpus stylistics is not only borrowing tools from corpus linguistics but it makes itself unique by using qualitative tools and techniques of stylistics to analyze texts with the help of computational methods (McIntyre 60).

Dominance of US Officials in the Pakistani TV Channels: A Case Study of the Media Coverage of Osama Bin Laden's Death 1

Abstract: Faizullah Jan & Altaf Ullah Khan Department of Journalism & Mass Communication University of Peshawar Peshawar, Pakistan _____________________________________________________________ Abstract This research paper attempts to show the dominance of US officials in the Pakistani TV channels through the coverage of the death of Osama Bin Laden in Abbottabad, Pakistan. The three TV channels selected in this research study include the private broadcasters– Geo News and Dunya News; and public broadcaster, Pakistan Television Corporation (PTV). Starting from the killing of Bin Laden on 2 May 2011, we study the coverage of the three TV channels for ten consecutive days. The findings–based on the Quantitative Content Analysis–show that US officials dominated the coverage in the Geo News and Dunya News while the Pakistani officials dominated the coverage in Pakistan Television Corporation (PTV). The dominance of US officials in the coverage also shows their control over the content besides setting the agenda of the coverage.