Showing papers in "Journal of Integrated Pest Management in 2023"
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors sought to understand the drivers and barriers of IPM adoption from the perspective of state IPM coordinators via an online Qualtrics survey and found that the participants ranked high cost of practice as the most critical barrier to IPM adoption.
Abstract: Abstract Increased Integrated Pest Management (IPM) adoption hinges not only on the future of innovative research, but also on the willingness of growers to adopt new IPM technologies. Adoption and diffusion of innovations can encounter many different challenges. By better understanding the drivers of and barriers to IPM adoption, future research, extension, and education can better target behavior change. This study sought to better understand the IPM adoption drivers and barriers, along with the impacts of IPM, from the perspective of state IPM coordinators via an online Qualtrics survey. These professionals have a statewide perspective on IPM adoption. There were 37 completed surveys out of 56 email survey invitations, a 66% response rate. Overall, the participants ranked ‘high cost of practice’ as the most critical barrier to IPM adoption. ‘Difficulty of implementation’ and ‘lack of awareness’ were also highly ranked as critical barriers to adoption. When asked about ways to increase IPM adoption, participants ranked ‘improved cost-benefit analysis’ as the most critically important. Overall, these findings demonstrate the importance of providing improved IPM economic cost-benefit analyses to accompany the promotion of new and existing IPM innovations. Furthermore, even though the results of this study suggest that the impact of the Regional IPM Centers has been increasing regional IPM coordination, communication, collaboration, and cooperation. These findings also suggest a need for more comprehensive extension and education programs to specifically address the perceived ‘high cost of practice,’ ‘difficulty of implementation’, and ‘lack of awareness’ by communicating improved IPM cost-benefit analyses.
2 citations
TL;DR: The Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead) was first found infesting citrus in one county in 2019 and has rapidly spread across counties and onto additional hosts in only a few years as mentioned in this paper .
Abstract:
Hibiscus mealybug, Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead), is an invasive, highly polyphagous pest that has recently established in Florida. This pest is historically known to heavily effect citrus production in other citrus-producing regions and has similarly negatively impacted citrus groves in several counties. Hibiscus mealybug was first found infesting citrus in one county in 2019 and has rapidly spread across counties and onto additional hosts in only a few years. Here we review the known distribution and biology of hibiscus mealybug, including a description of life stages, known host plants in Florida, and management options. Additionally, a field diagnostics guide is presented to assist in early detection and prevent the spread of N. viridis in other regions. We anticipate that information shared here will help in slowing its spread in the United States.
1 citations
TL;DR: A. diaperinus, the lesser mealworm, is a ubiquitous generalist pest of poultry broiler and layer facilities, originating in southern Africa and now found worldwide, causing structural damage to poultry houses, injuring birds, and acting as a reservoir for several avian pathogens, notably Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli as discussed by the authors .
Abstract:
Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), the lesser mealworm, is a ubiquitous generalist pest of poultry broiler and layer facilities, originating in southern Africa and now found worldwide. They spend their full life cycle within the litter and manure of poultry, causing structural damage to poultry houses, injuring birds, and acting as a reservoir for several avian pathogens, notably Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli. Management commonly consists of spraying walls and floors of poultry houses with organophosphates, pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, or spinosyns between flocks, and periodic removal and replacement of litter. Populations have been observed to become resistant to specific insecticides after ca. 10 yr of consistent use and exhibit cross resistance to insecticides of the same mode of action. Alternative cultural and biological control methods have been identified but are not currently implemented. More research is needed regarding the economic impact of A. diaperinus, the mechanisms of its insecticide resistance, and patterns and mechanisms of colonization for effective integrated pest management programs to be devised and implemented.
1 citations
TL;DR: A. karli Hendel (Diptera: Agromyzidae) was reported in quinoa grown in Colorado's San Luis Valley and abruptly halted expansion of this climate-resilient crop as mentioned in this paper .
Abstract:
Climate change and its impact on agricultural crops is driving the expansion of cropping systems to plants better adapted to rising temperatures, prolonged periods of drought, poor soils, and high salinity. One such crop is quinoa, Chenopodium quinoa Willd (Caryophyllales: Amaranthaceae), a traditionally Andean grain that has been recently adopted in dry, high-elevation regions of Colorado, Idaho, and Washington. However, in 2021, a stem-boring fly, Amauromyza karli Hendel (Diptera: Agromyzidae), was reported in quinoa grown in Colorado’s San Luis Valley and abruptly halted expansion of this climate-resilient crop. This new agromyzid pest has caused complete yield loss in some instances and contributed to substantial declines in quinoa acreage from 3,000 acres in 2021 to 900 acres in 2022. Distinguishing morphological features of A. karli adults include a yellow head, light yellow halteres, a dark brown body, and a dark brown femur and tibia that are yellow near the tips. Larvae feed within quinoa stems and destroy the pith, which disrupts nutrient transport and causes death or significant declines in yield and quality. Here, we summarize the impact of A. karli on quinoa, and discuss life history and management for other agromyzid species that can inform management of A. karli. Research focused on effective integrated management tactics including use of biological control, host plant resistance, and systemic insecticides is urgently needed to suppress this pest.
TL;DR: The first record of T. japonicus was discovered emerging from wild H. halys egg masses in Star, Idaho (43.69788, −116.49427), and was detected on yellow sticky cards from July to September as mentioned in this paper .
Abstract:
Adventive populations of Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead) have been detected in the eastern and western United States including the western states of Washington, Oregon, California, and Utah. These populations may provide classical biological control for the invasive brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), which can cause economic loss to many specialty crops in western North America. Idaho has not previously been surveyed for the exotic T. japonicus or native parasitoids of H. halys. In July 2021, T. japonicus was discovered emerging from wild H. halys egg masses in Star, Idaho (43.69788, −116.49427), and was detected on yellow sticky cards from July to September. This is the first record of T. japonicus in the state of Idaho. T. japonicus constituted only a small portion of Trissolcus species detected; other species included T. euschisti (Ashmead), T. hullensis (Harrington), and T. utahensis (Ashmead). Genetic population level analysis of T. japonicus specimens from Idaho supports the likelihood of its expansion inland from the west coast, inhabiting ecozones previously considered unsuitable due to high temperatures and low humidity. This report opens the prospect of an effective biological control agent for H. halys in Idaho and potentially other hot and dry geographic regions and expands documentation of the presence of adventive T. japonicus populations in North America.
TL;DR: A new non-native species belonging to the genus Anoplophora (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) was discovered on Jeju Island, South Korea as mentioned in this paper .
Abstract:
The genus Anoplophora (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is among the most well-known insect genera in invasive entomology and is represented by 2 noted invasive alien species: the Asian longhorned beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky, 1854)) and the Citrus longhorned beetle (Anoplophora chinensis (Forster, 1771)). In this study, a new non-native species belonging to the genus Anoplophora, Anoplophora horsfieldii (Hope, 1843), has been discovered on Jeju Island, South Korea (33°30′N, 126°30′E). Our field survey of the established area and potential habitats nearby identified numerous adult beetles and exit holes in its host, Celtis sinensis Persoon, 1805. This finding emphasizes the importance of continued monitoring and management of this new non-native species, which has the potential to cause significant ecological and economic damage.
TL;DR: The integrated pest management (IPM) strategy of both thrips as case studies was reviewed in this paper , along with multiple complementary tactics, including agronomic measures, physical-chemical lure control, biological control and chemical control, and insecticide resistance.
Abstract:
Currently, there are a total of 15 thrips species in the genus Megalurothrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom and Megalurothrips usitatus (Bagnall) are the most economically important pest species because of the serious damage they can do to leguminous crops, especially cowpea, which is an important grain crop for Africa and a vegetable crop for the rest of the world. Megalurothrips sjostedti is only distributed in Africa, while M. usitatus is widely spread in subtropical and tropical regions of the world and is more invasive. Nigeria is the only area where both thrips species are shared. Inexplicably, M. usitatus does not seriously damage cowpea in Africa. Bioecological characteristics indicated that M. usitatus adapts to a wider temperature and humidity range, which may result in its current geographic distribution. Since the 2010s, M. usitatus has received more attention and research. The integrated pest management (IPM) strategy of both thrips as case studies was reviewed in this paper, along with multiple complementary tactics, including agronomic measures, physical-chemical lure control, biological control, and chemical control, and insecticide resistance. Lessons have been learned from both M. sjostedti and M. usitatus, as well as from another widespread invasive thrips species, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), thus enhancing our overall understanding of the biology, ecology, and IPM practices of M. sjostedti and M. usitatus.
TL;DR: In this paper , the distribution, biology, damage, and management of several native late-season hardwood defoliators in the southeastern United States, including oakworms, mapleworms, yellownecked caterpillars, and variable oakleaf caterpillar, are reviewed.
Abstract:
Late-season lepidopteran defoliators in the genera Anisota, Dryocampa, Datana, and Lochmaeus are usually considered minor pests which primarily cause aesthetic damage on hardwood trees in managed and natural areas. While foliage loss late in the season does not typically impact tree health, severe defoliation can occur on individual branches or entire trees, causing great concern to homeowners and land managers. We review the distribution, biology, damage, and management of several native late-season hardwood defoliators in the southeastern United States, including oakworms, mapleworms, yellownecked caterpillars, and variable oakleaf caterpillars. Affected hardwood trees typically leaf out the following spring even after severe defoliation. While management is seldom recommended due to timing or amount of damage, it may be warranted in certain situations. We provide management recommendations for these late-season defoliators, including chemical and nonchemical options for homeowners and land managers.
TL;DR: The elm zigzag sawfly (EZS), Aproceros leucopoda Takeuchi, was detected in the United States for the first time in Virginia in 2021 as discussed by the authors .
Abstract:
The elm zigzag sawfly (EZS), Aproceros leucopoda Takeuchi, was detected in the United States for the first time in Virginia in 2021. In 2022, it was confirmed in 4 additional states: Pennsylvania, North Carolina, Maryland, and New York. These are the first records of this species in the United States and demonstrate a rapid range expansion of an invasive defoliating pest. Native to Asia, EZS feeds exclusively on Ulmus spp. (elms; Ulmaceae). In the United States, feeding damage ranges in severity from minor to severe. Young instars create a zigzag-shaped pattern in leaves as they feed, while older larvae feed more completely on foliage, leaving only the midvein and sometimes thick lateral veins. This more complete feeding often obscures the signature zigzag defoliation of younger instars. Long-term health impacts to host trees are unknown, though aesthetic damage, growth loss, and branch dieback occur in Europe where it is also invasive. Little is known about management options for this pest, and continued expansion of this species’ range in the United States is expected.
TL;DR: A review of the biology and current management approaches used against Systena frontalis in container ornamental plant nurseries in the United States can be found in this paper, where the cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait) production system is included where they are appropriate and supplementary to the discussion.
Abstract:
Systena frontalis (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is a serious insect pest species of container ornamental plant nurseries, widespread in the central and eastern United States. Adults feeding causes shotholes and skeletonization to the foliage of affected plants, which can reduce aesthetic value, and marketability of the ornamental plants. This paper reviews the biology and current management approaches used against S. frontalis in ornamental plant nurseries in the United States. Information gathered from the cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) production system is included where they are appropriate and supplementary to the discussion. The paper also discusses the research, extension, and economic questions prioritized by the stakeholders dealing with S. frontalis problems in the container nurseries.