Journal of microbiology & experimentation 

About: Journal of microbiology & experimentation is an academic journal published by MedCrave Group. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Biology & Medicine. It has an ISSN identifier of 2373-437X. It is also open access. Over the lifetime, 268 publications have been published receiving 1363 citations. The journal is also known as: Journal of microbiology and experimentation & JMEN.

Study of Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content, Antioxidant Activity and Antimicrobial Properties of Medicinal Plants

Abstract: The anti-oxidant activity and total phenolic content of alcoholic extracts from seven medicinal plants (Asparagus racemosus, Ocimum sanctum, Cassia fistula, Piper betel, Citrus aurantifolia, Catharanthus roseus, and Polyalthia longifolia) were evaluated by using a model system consisting of ?-carotene, DPPH free radical and Folin-Ciocalteu method. The total Phenolic content of the extracts was determined spectrophotometrically according to the Folin-Ciocalteu procedure and ranged from 366mg/100g to 212 mg/100g on fresh weight basis. The total flavanoid content of extracts determined by Aluminium chloride colorimetric assay and ranged from 39.84mg/100g to 15.94mg/100g of fresh weight. The highest antioxidant activity was demonstrated by Citrus auantifolia (87.05%) followed by Ocimum sanctum (81.80%) and Catharanthus roseus (71.4%). The highest tannin content was found to be in Catharanthus roseus (7.14%) while in case of anthocyanin content the highest value was found to be in Polyalthia longifolia (0.65mg/l). As far as antimicrobial activity is concerned, Ocimum sanctum and Citrus aurantifolia were found to be most potent against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus whereas Piper betel showed no effect. Except Piper betel all the extracts were able to inhibit the two bacterial strains and the zone of inhibitions ranged from 19.6 mm to 13.5 mm. The minimum inhibitory concentration against E. coli in case of Ocimum sanctum is 10% and against S. aureus it is 20% while in case of Citrus aurantifolia extracts were active even at 10% concentration for E. coli and 15% for S. aureus.

Urinary Tract Infection: An Overview of the Infection and the Associated Risk Factors

Abstract: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common bacterial infection known to affect the different parts of the urinary tract and the occurrence is found in both males and females. Despite the fact, that both the genders are susceptible to the infection, women are mostly vulnerable due to their anatomy and reproductive physiology. The infection is usually caused as a consequence of bacterial invasion of the urinary tract including the lower and the upper urinary tract. Among the bacterial species Escherichia coli account to 80% to 85% of the infection followed by Staphylococcus species that constitutes to 10% to 15%. In addition, bacterial species Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Proteus and Enterococcus species plays a minor role in conferring the infection. A variety of parameters are related to UTI which include age, parity, gravidity, pregnancy and association of diseases augment the condition of the infection. The current review attempts to highlight the various factors associated with UTI, prime perpetrators responsible for the infection, the emergence of growing resistance and possible remedy to overcome the infection. The review specially focuses on UTI among women during pregnancy.

Biofilms: Microbial Cities of Scientific Significance

Abstract: Biofilms are defined as the self produced extra polymeric matrices that comprises of sessile microbial community where the cells are characterized by their attachment to either biotic or abiotic surfaces These extra cellular slime natured cover encloses the microbial cells and protects from various external factors The components of biofilms are very vital as they contribute towards the structural and functional aspects of the biofilms Microbial biofilms comprises of major classes of macromolecules like nucleic acids polysaccharides proteins enzymes lipids humic substances as well as ions The presence of these components indeed makes them resilient and enables them to survive hostile conditions Different kinds of forces like the hydrogen bonds and electrostatic force of attraction are responsible for holding the microbial cells together in a biofilm and the interstitial voids and the water channels play a significant role in the circulation of nutrients to every cell in the biofilm The current review adds a note on bacterial biofilms and attempts to provide an insight on the aspects ranging from their harmful effects on the human community to their useful application The review also discusses the possible therapeutic strategies to overcome the detrimental effects of biofilms

Variation of Soil Microbial Population in Different Soil Horizons

Abstract: Large diversity of micro flora and fauna are found in soil horizons. Microbial population in soil are determined by various factor such as soil depth, organic matter, porosity, oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration, soil PH, etc. Factors that influence microorganism role in nutrient building and cycling in soil and organic matter decomposition are of unique interest. Microorganisms decompose organic matter, detoxifying the toxic substance, fixing the nitrogen, transformation of nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and other secondary & micro nutrients are the major biochemical activities performed by microbes in soil. Low population of microorganism is found in the compact soil, soil with low organic matter percentage and on deeper strata of soil. So, this paper was reviewed to explore major factors that influence soil microbial population and its role in soil productivity. This was already established fact but main aim of this paper is to collect related information and conclude the future research prospects to strengthen the microorganism role in soil productivity and factor that influence growth of microorganism.

A Biotechnological Approach to Microbial Based Perfumes and Flavours

Abstract: Flavours and fragrances represent over a quarter of the world market and most of the flavouring and perfume compounds are produced through chemical synthesis or by extraction from natural materials like plant and animal sources. Fragrances and flavours finds application in food, feed, cosmetic, chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Plant and animal sources are an important source of bioflavours but these bioactive compounds are present in minor quantities thus making their isolation and formulation very expensive. The other bio-route for flavour synthesis is based on de novo microbial processes (fermentation) or on bioconversions of natural precursors using microbial cells or enzymes (biocatalysis). This mini review is an attempt to focus on the potential of microorganisms to be used as small biofactories for the production of bio-flavours and fragrances.