Showing papers in "Journal of Safety Science and Technology in 2006"

Statistic analysis and countermeasure study on 200 road transportation accidents of dangerous chemicals

Abstract: Based on 200 typical and transportation accidents of dangerous chemicals, this paper is aim to study the characteristics and rules of accidents in terms of the link where the accidents occur, classification of dangerous chemicals that cause the accidents, features of leakage, fire and explosion, site and month of occurrence, etc as well as suggestion on the countermeasures for the safety management and supervision of dangerous chemicals road transportation in China

Capability assessment for urban emergency incident readiness

Abstract: As base of urban emergency management, emergency capability assessment of urban incident can show clearly direction to emergency improvement Through establishment of urban emergency capability assessment indexes and development of assessment method, it can provide scientific decision - making support As the example of some south city emergency capability assessment, index grades from experts are coherent from statistic From results of some south city emergency capability assessment,conditions of urban emergency capability are given and it's emergency capability is higher Also aspects for some city to improve in the future are presended It offers references for urban emergency capability improvement

Analysis of current safety situation of metal and non-metal tailing pond

Abstract: From 2003 to 2004, State Administration of Work Safety has made an investigation on safety situation of metal and nonmetal tailing pond. 2692 representative tailing ponds have been researched. 643 tailing ponds which constitute 23.9% are safe; 1253 tailing ponds which constitute 43.9% are designed regularly;206 tailing ponds which represent 7.7% accept risk assessment periodically. Some dense population districtare situated at downstream of the tailing pond. And once these tailing dams break, heavy loss in personnel and property will happen inevitably. The safety situation of tailing pond in China is alarming.

Formal description of emergency plans

Abstract: In order to take advantage of information technology to support emergency management, it needs to describe emergency plans formally so that they can be correlated with emergency information systems closely. Formal description of emergency plans is the precondition and basis to establish the theoretical framework for emergency plans. Based on the analysis of emergency plans and emergency response processes, this paper proposes a formal description approach for emergency plans, including the description of organization, the description of emergency resources and the description of emergency processes.

Dynamic evolution of major accidents—concepts and rudiments

Abstract: To carry further research on the generative and evolutionary machine of major accidents, on the base of comparative studies of typical major, special major accidents, the paper applied the theory of system dynamics to analyze the dynamic characteristics of inoculation, generation, development and qualitative change of major accidents, to explore the behavioral process and main influence factors of major accidents and to probe into governing rules of closed loop feedback system of major accidents. The author proposed to apply the theory and methodology of system dynamics on establishig a decision - making laboratory to elevate the risk control ability of major accidents.

Discuss on basic construction of emergency management information system

Abstract: With focus on the safety, emergency managers pay more attention to how to build emergency management information system Firstly, the source of emergency information is analyzed Secondly, the construction of emergency management information system is built Lastly, the function of emergency management information system is expatiated The paper can help emergency managers to build emergency management information system, the important content of e-mergency system

Experimental modeling study of deep buried metro station fires(1)-experimental design

Abstract: With the development of inter city rail transit in China, more and more stations deep buried metro station will be built. The fire safety in these metro stations should be inspected much more and studied further. In this and the fol lowing papers, fire experimental studying in deep-burying island model metro station will be introduced. This paper mainly present the design of model experiment, big systems of public area in station, TVF, TEF, ventilation system of tunnels and measurement system.

Experimental modeling study of deep buried metro station fires(2)-train fire

Abstract: Smoke will spread rapidly to the space of platform and tunnel when the fire of train stopping in metro station happens,especially for deep buried metro station (DBMS). How to control train fire is one of the important problems which must be resolved.In this paper,smoke spread process of train fire is studied using experimental model of DBMS, based on which the efficient fire control precepts are analyzed. The research results are useful for the design of ventilation and smoke control of train fire in DBMS.

Capability assessment system for urban emergency incident readiness and it's application

Abstract: Based on system of urban emergency capability assessment, relations among categories,attributes and characteristics are analyzed during which the importance of attributes is given. Through the improved AHP, calculating method of urban emergency capability assessment indexes are put off. After pointing out relation between weight and key index, the 75 percentile is confirmed as the judgement standard of key index with linear regression. At last, twenty indexes are put forward as urban emergency capability assessment indexes through evaluation of a lot of experts.

Analysis on stability of tailing pond under earthquake

Abstract: The tailing pond is the most important project of mine-enterprise, and it is also the biggest danger. The slap-page of embankment by the poor stability is common. The paper has disscassed the stability analysis about tailing pond in the earthquake with an example. The quasi statics method was applied. By the computer-software, the result was validated . The interstice stress is the most important factor that affect the earthquake stability, and it is decided by the material of the dam. Based the former result, the safety countermeasures are put forward was applied.

Research on safety evaluation index system of road network

Abstract: Based on the analysis of correlation research survey, it discussed the function of safety evaluation index of road network and studied diversified evaluation indexes of road network safety level. Subsequently, this paper established the select fundamental of safety evaluation index system of road network. This paper constructed safety evaluation index system of road network, which can provide technical containment for decision-maker about safety evaluation of road network.

Study on multi-objective route optimization for hazardous material road transportation

Abstract: Route optimization is an effective safety measure for hazardous material transportation. Based on reviewing many references, this paper gives a numerical model for solving route optimization problem. The first step is to find the solution by which each objective is best achieved, and then find a solution by which each objective value can get as close as possible to the respective ideal point. The paper also develops a multi-objective system including travel distance, travel time, cost, risk for route, population of sensitive area, and gives a procedure for route optimization decision making process. This approach is helpful for competent department making decision in hazardous material transportation routing selection.

Research of city fire disposal experts system based on fuzzy neural network

Abstract: According to the theory of system science and behavior science, combining artifical neural network and fuzzy reason method with computer technique, this paper proposes fire disposal experts system based on fuzzy neural network that provides the decision on fire disposal for fire commander during fire. Firstly, this paper proposes general frame of fire disposal experts system based on fuzzy neural network which comprises of task management module, management and maintenance of knowledge base and database, management system of fire model, interpretive mechanism, control system of reason machine, collect and dispose of signal and result output module, and shows function of each module. Secondly, it introduces the method of knowledge expression and knowledge acquisition in the experts system that combines calculation intelligence with symbol intelligence to solve knowledge acquisition bottleneck question of experts system. Finally, it introduces the method of constructing repository and reason that combines fuzzy reason with rule reason.

Study on scientific issue and evaluation method in safety assessment of tailing reservoir

Abstract: The safety and stability of the tailing reservoir plays an important role in the mining production and environmental protection. Safety assessment on tailing reservoir should be based on safety conditions of dam and its affiliated construction and the assessment on safety state of the tailing reservoir. Based on practice of the projects of tailing reservoir, scientific issues and corresponding evaluation methods are discussed and analyzed in this paper, and thus FEM quantitative evaluation methods are discovered proper in safety assessment of tailing reservoir. The impeded drainage and liquefaction are the two key factors in dam stability, which should be given more attention and research in safety assessment. What's more, numerical simulation methods of FEM should be used to study the scientific issues of safety assessment on tailing reservoir.

Ventilation and radon reduction in uranium mine

Abstract: In uranium mine ventilation, wind force ,wind pressure and wind direction are the three major factors affecting radon reduction technology The three factors must be taken into consideration to reduce radon concentration to a reasonably acceptable level so that the uranium well can be kept in its best working condition with minimum radiation

Application of improved grey model in fire accident forecasting

Abstract: The basic step of GM (1,1)model was illustrated firstly in this paper, and an improved measure was put forward. then the fire accidents was predicted by the method, and the data has been dealt with by Matlab. The result indicates that the data predicted with this method are close to real data.

Research on work safety accident risk rank and inspection based on rank

Abstract: In view of the severe situation of work safety in China, in order to promote the improvement of work safety inspection efficiency and quality , and intensify the execute of the work safety law,we bring forward to build the system of work safety accident risk rank and inspection based on rank. The program of are as follows. Firstly, the relative risk of different industries be calculated with the model which is built in our research. Secondly, enterprise occupational injury risk coefficient of different enterprises be computed and as the factor of enterprise rank. Then we can practise inspection based on rank by the enterprises by the inspection capacity and plan, This will be great use of reference for intensive work safety inspection.

Analysis on impact of price on the coal mine accidents

Abstract: Recently, the accidents of coal mines are high frequency in China. Whereas the critical situation, this paper has analyze the impact of price on accidents quantitatively and probed the relationship between the price and coal mine accidents in an attempt to open out the laws of coalmine's work safety in China.

Study and application on safety pre-assessment of freeway construction project

Abstract: The safety problems are more and more conspicuous in freeway construction which was prosperously developed in China. According to the practical situation of one freeway construction project, a new resolution is proposed by this paper, based on some accidents statistical data. Further more, qualitative and quantitative assessment is carried out from seven aspects, viz. general layout, construction site, roadbed, tunnel, fie in tunnel, bridge and road system. The real case introduced by this paper, can be the reference to some similar projects, and it must be significant to the improvement of safety level in later freeway construction.

Smoke control design of deep buried metro station

Abstract: Deep embedment technology for metro construction reduces the influences on the transportation and high - rise building, cuts down the amount of housebreaking, and improves the condition of section construction, but also brings the challenge to the ventilation and smoke control design. Aiming to the Guangzhou metro line 6 as an example, this paper reports the smoke control design of multi - level deep buried metro station (DBMS). CFD modeling of the platform fire and train fire is performed to validate the efficiency of DBMS' ventilation and smoke control design. It is found the scheme of ventilation can produce a downward velocity of 1.5 m/s at the opening of escalator to efficiently prevent the smoke from entering the upper floor, assure the concourse level as a no - smoke zone and safety level. The evacuation stair shaft is kept positive - pressurized and smokeless. The scheme of ventilation system is able to sufficiently offer a 6 minute available time for occupant evacuation. The conclusions may benefit to the ventilation design and safety management for such deep buried station.

Numerical simulation of ground sedimentation caused by double-tube parallel tunnels shielding constructed

Abstract: Construction of subway in China is in the ascendant. The double - tube parallel tunnels are much popular than the single tunnel. The impact to the surroundings is different as the constructing method is different. Verified with a really subway project, the ground sedimentation is compared under four different constructing method, in order to find the law between the ground sedimentation and the method. So as to provide a theoretical basis for the metro designing and construction .

Studies for the accidental risk ranking of major hazard installations

Abstract: Risk ranking conception was introduced into safety management of major hazard installation in the present paper Risk ranking model and methods for determining scenario probability and fatality number were developed consequently The obtained method was applied to rank the accident risk of twenty major hazard installations in one chemical industry zone, and results show that the method exhibited good effect in subdividing the accident risk of hazard installations The method developed shows great theoretical and practical significance for government and enterprises in supervising and managing major hazard installation

A bayesian network approach to accident analysis

Abstract: Bayesian network is considered to be an important method for the expression and reasoning of uncertainty in artificial intelligence research field. At present Bayesian network is applied to diagnose faults in system safety domain, but as one of various types of contributing causes, fault diagnosis is unable to evaluate hidden weaknesses systemically behind accidents of which the harmful effect is seldom considered as well. Therefore with Bayesian network being an approach of accident analysis, a three-layered Bayesian network topological model is proposed on the basis of risk factor-accident-accident hazards according to accident-causing theory. Moreover the linked relationships between the layers, the constituent elements and their descriptions at each layer and the model construction are expounded. Finally the feasibility and effectiveness of this accident analysis method is illuminated through a practical analysis example of a natural gas spherical tank.

Applications of the grey relation analysis in the evaluation of the risk degree of the underground mined-out stopes

Abstract: Basic thoughts and approaches of the grey relation analysis(GRA) are firstly introduced in this paper GRA method is adopted to calculate grey relation grade and magnitude of the dangerous degree of the mined-out stopes, based on main factors of influencing the dangerous degree of the minded-out stopes and their weight A practical example on the evaluation of risk degree of underground mined-out stopes, which proves the feasibility and effectiveness of GRA, can provide reference and a viable alternative for decision makers' sights of the whole disposal of underground mined-out stopes

Protocol and standard for emergency information exchange

Abstract: The purpose of emergency information exchange and sharing is to realise interconnect between applications in incident sites, emergency management centres, emergency command centres and public safety services and share information completely. This paper mainly discusses the state of the art of research and system development on emergency information exchange and sharing. Some research issues in this area are presented in this paper as well.

Research on time model of personel evacuation in building fires

Abstract: In building fires, personnel evacuation is directly related to the safety of their lives Whether the personnel can be safely evacuated mainly depends upon how much time is used for the persons to be evacuated to a safe area For personnel evacuation time, environmental factors such as the building structure and the distance between the persons and the safe area should be taken into account, moreover, the natural conditions of the persons and their psychological and behavioral characteristics when they are in fires and other emergencies should also be considered generally On the basis of the measurement of individual evacuation time in dry runs organized for emergency evacuation of personnel and in combination with factors related to the people's behaviors in evacuation and the evacuation time, the SPSS 12 for Windows software system is adopted for a pluralistic linear regression analysis in this paper so as to establish the regression model of personnel evacuation time The result ofthe research shall enrich the personnel evacuation psychology and behavior response database of China and provide the designers with basic data and preliminary analysis for fire prevention design of buildings, especially for dense buildings

Analysis of three-parties game theory in mining safety supervision in China

Abstract: Coal mining is one of chinese most dangerous career. This paper discusses the situation and characteristics of frequent mining accidents on safety in China,interior management and supervision,analyzing problems due to behavior reasons which exist in mining accidents supervision system. Based on three parties of government,coal-master and workers,the model of game theory is built up in mining supervision on the safety and administration. At last,it puts forward some advices for the reinforcement of coal mine safe production and the perfection management which made three parties in equilibrium based on the result for the model.

Numerical simulation of distribution regularities of dust concentration during the ventilation process of coal drift driving with exhaust ventilation

Abstract: Basing on the theory of two-phase flow of gas and solid, and the characteristics of coal mine driving working face, using the discrete phase models of computational fluid mechanics to simulate the dust concentration during the ventilation process of coal drift driving with exhaust ventilation. Summarize the distributing and the rule of movement of the dust concentration.

Experimental modeling study of deep buried metro station fires(3)——platform fire

Abstract: With the development of inter city rail transit in China,more and more deep buried metro stations (DBMS) will be built.The fire safety in these metro stations should be inspected much further.The paper mainly reports the burning tests of platform fires of 2.5MW performed in the DBMS model. By the experimental result, the smoke spread process in the platform and air flow pattern are studied,based on which the efficient fire control precepts are analyzes, the research results are useful for the ventilation design in DBMS.

The technology of methane prevention applied in "dual hard" caving workface

Abstract: Since the caving method is a special mining method, the methane prevention always is one of major safety problems to be solved. It is difficult to control methane in longwall caving workface because dual hard geology condition( roof hard and coal hard) in Datong coal field. A series of technique measures which achieved safety mining had been developed through last years research work in Datong.These effective measures will briefly introduced in this paper.