Showing papers in "Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information in 2015"
TL;DR: A method for extracting keywords from the main body of novels by using TF-IDF method as well as the text structure is suggested, which shows that the extraction accuracy of keywords improves by 42.1% in performance when more weight is given to dialogue while including preface and closing instead of using just the mainBody.
Abstract: With the explosive growth of information about books, there is a growing number of customers who find it difficult to pick a book. Against the backdrop, the importance of a book recommendation system becomes greater, through which appropriate information about books could be offered then to encourage customers to buy a book in the end. However, existing recommendation systems based on the bibliographical information or user data reveal the reliability issue found in their recommendation results. ∙제1저자 : 유은순 ∙교신저자 : 김승훈 ∙투고일 : 2015. 2. 5, 심사일 : 2015. 2. 9, 게재확정일 : 2015. 2. 20. * 단국대학교 미디어콘텐츠연구원(Institute of Media Content) ** 단국대학교 소프트웨어학과 (Dept. of Software Science, Dankook University) *** 단국대학교 응용컴퓨터공학과(Dept. of Applied Computer Engineering, Dankook University) ※이 논문은 2014 한국지능정보시스템학회 추계학술대회에서 발표한 논문(“도서 텍스트 본문 주제어 추출 연구[14]”)을 확장한 것임 122 Journal of The Korea Society of Computer and Information February 2015 This is why it is necessary to reflect semantic information extracted from the texts of a book’s main body in a recommendation system. Accordingly, this paper suggests a method for extracting keywords from the main body of novels, as a preceding research, by using TF-IDF method as well as the text structure. To this end, the texts of 100 novels have been collected then to divide them into four structural elements of preface, dialogue, non-dialogue and closing. Then, the TF-IDF weight of each keyword has been calculated. The calculation results show that the extraction accuracy of keywords improves by 42.1% in performance when more weight is given to dialogue while including preface and closing instead of using just the main body. ▸
15 citations
TL;DR: This paper proposed this study has been conducted on how Scratch education in the elementary school level influenced the ability of the Computational Thinking (CT) and proposed software education can improve the able of CT.
Abstract: Recently, it has been activated the software education or coding education for the improvement of the Computational Thinking (CT) ability at home and abroad. Also the CT has influence on courses of Computer Science in the college levels. It has been introduced and the number of cases of using it to general K12 education has increased. However, the research on the software education’s influence on the CT was still lacking. So In this paper, we proposed this study has been conducted on how Scratch education in the elementary school level influenced the ability of the CT. And we proposed software education can improve the ability of CT. First, we provided the theoretical base of the software education and evaluation process through analysis of computational thinking ability. A core analysis content of the CT is broader than algorithmic thinking and can be achieved without using computer. It includes abstract, algorithmic, logical, and measurable thinking. Second, we made efforts to improve the characteristics of the software education with categorization. Finally, we have managed the software education using Picoboard with Scratch and flowchart within 15 weeks based on these theocratical research. An examination of the effectiveness was committed to understand, analyze, and develop strategies of problem solving. It is designed as a strategy of problem solving before and after the software lesson. The result of the software education has improved authentically in all areas without the need to design a strategy for problem solving. ▸Keyword : Software Education, Computational Thinking
8 citations
TL;DR: A method is presented that can be efficiently extracted by improving the search accuracy through text mining analysis of SNS data to proactively identify the information on crime risk factor and to prevent crime.
Abstract: In this paper, we suggest a plan to take advantage of the SNS data to proactively identify the information on crime risk factor and to prevent crime. Recently, SNS(Social Network Service) data have been used to build a proactive prevention system in a variety of fields. However, when users are collecting SNS data with simple keyword, the result is contain a large amount of unrelated data. It may possibly accuracy decreases and lead to confusion in the data analysis. So we present a method that can be efficiently extracted by improving the search accuracy through text mining analysis of SNS data.
7 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the features of the forests surrounding the dispersed houses, known as Igune, in the central region of the Sendai plains, in order to conserve their landscape.
Abstract: We investigated the features of the forests surrounding the dispersed houses, known as Igune, in the central region of the Sendai plains, in order to conserve their landscape. By conducting a tree census involving land around 19 houses, we identified more than 70 tree species; the Japanese cedar dominated these, though many secondary woodland species were also found. However, the forest area in the region decreased by 56% during 35years from 1975 to 2011. Although forest-floor management has ceased for half of investigated houses, activities such as positive training of wild grass, collection of firewood materials, etc., were confirmed. The forests have also become areas of faith, with small shrines and monuments located within them. Furthermore, the forests are an important habitat for the raccoon dog, because their storage feces are only usually found in farmland areas. On the other hand, in addition to the decrease in woodland areas due to diseases resulting in death, as well as damage from salt water arising from tsunamis, further reductions to the forests have been noted, particularly near coastal areas. The forest landscape in these regions has been affected by human activities for hundreds of years, and it is thought that this has significantly shaped the cultural landscape.
6 citations
5 citations
5 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a study was conducted to identify whether the stress of children has an impact on their game addiction and to verify the moderating effect of family support on game addiction.
Abstract: The aim of this study is to identify whether the stress of children has an impact on their game addiction and to verify the moderating effect of family support. The survey was conducted to the children who were 5th and 6th graders in Gwangju and Jeonnam. The responses from 564 subjects contacted subjects were analyzed. In accordance with the verification on the impact game addiction, Children's stress has a impact on their game addiction. In other words, higer stress was related to higer game addiction. The impact family support on their game addiction was analyzed. In accordance with the results, the family support had ∙제1저자 : 김나예 ∙투고일 : 2015. 1. 14, 심사일 : 2015. 1. 21, 게재확정일 : 2015. 1. 26. * 조선이공대학교 사회복지과(Dept. of Social Welfare, Chosun College of Science & Technology) 210 Journal of The Korea Society of Computer and Information February 2015 positive impact on their game addiction. It suggested that higher family support meant lower game addiction. The moderated effect of family support was analyzed. The family support had the control effect to reduce the negative effect of stress of children in to their game addiction. Implication of the study findings is discussed. ▸
5 citations
TL;DR: Park et al. as discussed by the authors found out the relational effect of perceived crowding of international airport on emotional response and revisit intention by collecting data collected by questionnaire and based on Incheon international airport visitors, and a total 260 validity sample was analyzed a frequency analysis, reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis and correlation coefficient analysis from SPSS 21.
Abstract: The object of this study is finding out the relational effect of perceived crowding of international airport on emotional response and revisit intention. The data of this study was collected by questionnaire and based on Incheon international airport visitors. A total 260 validity sample was analyzed a frequency analysis, reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis and correlation coefficient analysis from SPSS 21, a hypothesis through out confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling from AMOS 7.0. As a result of this study, visitors' human perceived crowding of international airport and positive ∙제1저자 : 김승리 ∙교신저자 : 인옥남 ∙투고일 : 2015. 4. 26, 심사일 : 2015. 5. 2, 게재확정일 : 2015. 5. 19. * 광주여자대학교 항공서비스학과(Dept. of Airline Service, KwangJu Women's University) ※ 본 논문은 광주여자대학교 교내 학술 연구비의 지원을 받았음(KWU15-3). 142 Journal of The Korea Society of Computer and Information May 2015 emotional response showed a significant effects on revisit intention. ▸
5 citations
4 citations
TL;DR: The results show, based on the statistical analyses using survey questionnaire on Korean and Chinese SNS users, that there are differences in perception of required features of SNS sites among the respondents grouped by age, start time of service usage, service usage place.
Abstract: The study is to investigate which features are perceived by Social Network Service(SNS) users as the most required one to further boost the usage of service, and to examine the perception of these features of SNS sites varies according to their demographic and service usage characteristics. The study also is to suggest a few of research propositions on the relationships between required features of SNS sites and characteristics of SNS users, based on statistical analyses. To accomplish these research purposes, the study defined characteristics of SNS users including demographic(gender, age) and service usage one(start time of service usage, service usage place), and required features of SNS sites(system, service, information, emotion) based on the literature review of SNS. The results show, based on the statistical analyses using survey questionnaire on Korean and Chinese SNS users, that there are differences in perception of required features of SNS sites among the respondents grouped by age, start time of service usage, service usage place. Finally, the study proposed three research propositions, based on the analysis result, that could be used in SNS related researches in the future.
4 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of positive affect and negative affect on the life satisfaction in the workplace was examined, and the role of work self-efficacy and work meaningfulness in the subjective well-being of office workers was investigated.
Abstract: In this paper, we examined the effect of positive affect and negative affect on the life satisfaction in the workplace. Also, this study focused on an empirical test of the role of work self-efficacy and work meaningfulness in the subjective well-being of office worker. To achieve this purpose, we suggested a research model consisting of factors such as work self-efficacy, work meaningfulness, positive affect, negative affect, life satisfaction. Data was collected using the survey method, and analyzed using structural ∙제1저자 : 이종만 ∙교신저자 : 이종만 ∙투고일 : 2014. 12. 3, 심사일 : 2014. 12. 24, 게재확정일 : 2014. 12. 30. * 동양미래대학교 경영학부 e-비즈니스과(Dept. of e-Business, Dongyang Mirae University) ※ 이 논문은 2014년 한국컴퓨터정보학회 제50차 하계학술대회에서 발표한 논문(”직장에서의 주관적 안녕감: 업무 효능감과 업무 의미감의 역할”)을 확장한 것임 ※이 연구는 2014학년도 동양미래대학교 학술연구 과제로부터 연구비 지원을 받아 수행되었음. 188 Journal of The Korea Society of Computer and Information February 2015 equation model. According to PLS analysis, first, lower negative affect was associated with higher life satisfaction. Secondly, work meaningfulness was a very important predictor for the subjective well-being of office worker. ▸
TL;DR: In this paper, Choi et al. found that more learning flow tended to have more difficultly in university dropout, and it was founded that academic and social adjustment for university adaption (mediator) partially mediated the influence of learning flow (independent variable) on univeristy.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to find out the mediation effect of college adaption for the relationship between learning flow and university dropout in local university. For this study, 281 university students in Chungbuk region were applied to assess the mediation effect of college adaption for learning flow and university dropout by using confirmatory factor analysis, hierarchical multiple regression of Baron and Kenny, and Sobel test. The results show that more learning flow tended to have more difficultly in university dropout, and it was founded that academic and social adjustment for university adaption(mediator) partially mediated the influence of learning flow (independent variable) on univeristy ∙제1저자: 명성민 ∙교신저자: 이홍기 ∙투고일 : 2015. 4. 15. 심사일 : 2015. 5. 11, 게재확정일: 2015. 6. 12. * 중원대학교 보건행정학과(Department of Health Administration, Jungwon University) ** 중원대학교 경영학과(Department of Management, Jungwon University) 22 Journal of The Korea Society of Computer and Information June 2015 dropout (dependent variable), institutional adjustment was fully mediated, and personal-emotional adjustment was no mediation effect. Based on the results of this study, we suggest a implication to decrease university dropout through increasing learning flow and university adaption. ▸
TL;DR: This paper proposes a methodology of technology forecasting using the dynamic time warping (DTW) of time series analysis, and performs a case study of patent documents in target technology field to contribute to R&D planning and technology management.
Abstract: Technology analysis is to analyze technological data such as patent and paper for a given technology field. From the results of technology analysis, we can get novel knowledge for R&D planing and management. For the technology analysis, we can use diverse methods of statistics. Time series analysis is one of efficient approaches for technology analysis, because most technologies have researched and developed depended on time. So many technological data are time series. Time series data are occurred through time. In this paper, we propose a methodology of technology forecasting using the dynamic time warping (DTW) of time series analysis. To illustrate how to apply our methodology to real problem, we perform a case study of patent documents in target technology field. This research will contribute to R&D planning and technology management.
TL;DR: According to a test result, while a recognition rate and a processable frame rate are similar to those of the existing algorithm, the number of cases of gestures which can be defined with the extracted feature is about four times more than thenumber of cases in the existing algorithms.
Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for extracting a hand feature based on a curvature analysis for recognition of various hand gestures. The method for extracting a hand feature based on a curvature analysis for recognition of various hand gestures comprises: (a) a preprocessing step of performing a hand candidate group extracting process of extracting a candidate group presumed as a hand region so as to find the hand region from a lot of objects in an input image and a process of finding the hand region from the hand candidate group; and (b) a step of extracting the hand feature from an image of the hand region, that is, a feature extracting step of extracting a hand outline, a boundary point between fingers, an outline feature point, and a central point of a hand and extracting feature information on the number of opened fingers and a state of fingers stuck attached. A hand feature extracting algorithm based on a curvature analysis capable of recognizing the number of fingers and the attaching of fingers is used for extracting a feature necessary for the hand gesture recognition. The hand feature extracting algorithm recognizes various hand gestures by detecting the hand region from the input image through a skin color range filter and a labeling based on a color model and extracting the feature about the number of the opened fingers and the attached fingers by using the outline, the feature points, and curvature information extracted from the outline and the feature points. According to a test result, while a recognition rate and a processable frame rate are similar to those of the existing algorithm, the number of cases of gestures which can be defined with the extracted feature is about four times more than the number of cases of gestures in the existing algorithm. Therefore, much more various hand gestures can be recognized.
TL;DR: An advertisement method using inaudible sound of speaker based on smart device that supports the transfer of advertising content to the smart device user with no additional action or TV audio signal required to access that content.
Abstract: Recently, there are serviced user customized advertisement of various type using smart device. Representative services are advertisement service using light of smart TV screen or audible sound of smart TV to transmit advertisement information. However, those services have to do a specific action of smart device user for advertisement information or need audible audio information of TV contents. To overcome those weakness, therefore, we propose an advertisement method using inaudible sound of speaker based on smart device. This method supports the transfer of advertising content to the smart device user with no additional action or TV audio signal required to access that content. The proposed method used two high frequencies among 18㎑ ~ 22㎑ of audible frequency range which smart TV can send out. And it generates those frequencies synthesized with audio of TV contents as trigger signal which can send advertisements to smart device. Next, smart device analysis the trigger signal and request advertisement contents related to the signal to server. After then, smart device can show the downloaded contents to user. Because the proposed method uses the high frequencies of sound signals via the inner speaker of the smart device, its main advantage is that it does not affect the audio signal of TV content. To evaluate the efficacy of the proposed method, we developed an application to implement it and subsequently carried out an advertisement transmission experiment. The success rate of the transmission experiment was approximately 97%. Based on this result, we believe the proposed method will be a useful technique in introducing a customized user advertising service.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the effect of team diversity on individual creativity and team members' creative activities such as exploration and exploitation and found that in general, team diversity factors like study hour and leisure activities have significant effects on the individual creativity, and exploration and exploit.
Abstract: This study attempts to investigate the effect of team diversity on individual creativity and team members' creative activities such as exploration and exploitation. We have garnered 40 team data from 249 respondents who have been participating in the team learning activities during semester in a private university. They were asked by instructor to show their creativity, and exploration and exploitation activities. The 40 teams were made up of team diversity factors such as study hour and leisure activity. We used a multilevel analysis to analyze the effects of team diversity factors on team member's creativity, and exploration and exploitation. Results showed that in general, team diversity factors like study hour and leisure activities have significant effects on the individual creativity, and exploration and exploitation. Practical implications represent that teams need to be organized considering the team diversity factors in order to improve team member's creativity, and their exploration and exploitation activities.
TL;DR: In this paper, the causal relationship between adolescents' academic stress and suicidal thoughts via depression and gender differences of causal relationships in each causal paths was examined, and the analytical results showed that adolescent's academic stress has a significant effect on their depression and suicidal thinking, and adolescent's depression also has significant effects on suicidal thoughts.
Abstract: This study is to examine the causal relationship between adolescents' academic stress and suicidal thoughts via depression and gender differences of causal relationships in each causal paths. The purpose of this study is to suggest some implications based on this analytical results. For this purpose, we conducted interviews using a questionnaire targeting high school students. The analytical results shows that adolescent’s academic stress has a significant effects on their depression and suicidal thoughts, and adolescent’s depression also has a significant effects on suicidal thoughts. This study suggests some implications based on this results. ▸
TL;DR: A driver is proposed to control the LED display and implement a flexible LED display system to be used in wearable device and utilized in commercial area.
Abstract: Wearable device, next generation smart device, is consistently growing. The flexible display will be a kind of display in the wearable device. The flexible display technology is now evolving with end-user requirement such as portability and easy installation. Previous wearable display products still have some difficulties in manufacturing and in flexibility whole device. But it can be a flexible display with LED device and utilized in commercial area. In this paper, we propose a driver to control the LED display and implement a flexible LED display system. ▸Keyword :Wearable, Flexible, LED Display, Device Driver
TL;DR: The matters required for the design and develop of the framework for the legal information retrieval based on ontology, composed of the query conversion engine of SPARQL base for query to OWL ontology and user query type engine and return value refinement engine and web interface engine are proposed.
Abstract: Professional knowledge such as legal information is commonly not accessible or cannot be easily understood by the public. By using the legal ontology which is previously established, the legal information retrieval based on ontology is to use for the information retrieval. In this paper, we propose the matters required for the design and develop of the framework for the legal information retrieval based on ontology. The framework is composed of the query conversion engine of SPARQL base for query to OWL ontology and user query type engine and return value refinement engine and web interface engine. The framework does the role as the infrastructure which retrieval the legal ontology effectually and which it serves and can be used in the semantic legal information retrieval service.
TL;DR: This paper analyzes the problems of telemedicine for teleMedicine that are at issue in South Korea, and presents reasonable health policy directions for telemedics, based on which the rationality, feasibility of law and sufficient review should be implemented.
Abstract: Recently, the government tends to address the health policy as an economic logic. However, health policy must be priority to national health right than economic logic. Thus, in this paper analyzes the problems of telemedicine for telemedicine that are at issue in South Korea, based on this, and presents reasonable health policy directions for telemedicine. To amend the law and legislation the health policy and law, analyze the rationality, feasibility of law and sufficient review should be implemented. Comparing to the foreign which introduced telemedicine earlier, discussion on telemedicine in South Korea remains a long way to go and it is now beginning step. Therefore, it should not forget that the health policy of the government with crass insensitivity can bring great disaster. Above all, to the health care, the sufficient review and social consensus which can reduce the side-effects are priority.
TL;DR: Choi et al. as discussed by the authors designed and applied the technological pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK) model to pre-service education program, and analyzed its results for attending student's questionnaire.
Abstract: This study aimed to design and apply the technological pedagogical and content knowledge(TPACK) model to pre-service education program, and to analyze its results for attending student’s questionnaire. At first, a lecture that designed to elevate one’s technological knowledge was studied and implemented. To perform this study, TPACK survey instruments were distributed to pre-service teacher group A who took the designed lecture and group B who took ordinary ICT literacy lecture. The results showed that TK, ∙제1저자 : 최현종 ∙교신저자 : 이태욱 ∙투고일 : 2015. 1. 6, 심사일 : 2015. 1. 25, 게재확정일 : 2015. 2. 11. * 서원대학교 컴퓨터교육과(Dept. of Computer Education, Seowon University) ** 한국교원대학교 컴퓨터교육과(Dept. of Computer Education, Korea National University of Korea) 232 Journal of The Korea Society of Computer and Information February 2015 TCK, TPK, and TPACK improved significantly in group A, and significant positive corelation shows among 7 subcategories of TPACK. Based on the result of this study, we suggested that pre-service teacher education should consider the combination of pre-service education program and technology knowledge in TPACK model. ▸
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify the relationships among firms' rewards supporting strategies and workers' perceived commitment with the working system as a context and empirically identify the moderating role of working systems (i.e., home-based, vs. office-based) within organization's rewards supporting strategy and workers commitment perceptions.
Abstract: Information technology enables home-based working which is a new way to satisfy the firm and its employees. Firms are under pressure of cost reduction, and employees want to maintain balance of life between work and family. Considering the organization’s capability can be the core competency, firm’s ∙제1저자 : 김재영 ∙교신저자 : 조부연 ∙투고일 : 2014. 6. 10, 심사일 : 2014. 7. 7, 게재확정일 : 2015. 1. 20. * 고려대학교 경영학부(School of Business Administration, Korea University) ** 제주대학교 경영학과(Department of Business Administration, Jeju National University) 126 Journal of The Korea Society of Computer and Information March 2015 efforts to acquire workers’ commitment have been important issue in human resource management. However, researches to increase the workers’ loyalty and commitment within home-base working have not been widely studied. This study tries to identify the relationships among firms’ rewards supporting strategies and workers’ perceived commitment with the working system as a context. Results confirm that the organization’s extrinsic and intrinsic rewards affect the worker’s continuous commitment, and the mediating role of normative commitment between workers’ perceived affective commitment and continuous commitment has been found. Also, we empirically identify the moderating role of working systems(i.e., home-based, vs. office-based) within organization’s rewards supporting strategies and workers’ commitment perceptions. ▸
TL;DR: An unplugged robot education system capable of computerless programming education that can be done only by connecting programming blocks in symbols of a flow chart with built-in commands is developed and validated.
Abstract: In traditional programing education, computers were used as the main tool. Consequently, it was problematic to provide education in an environment without computers or for learners without computer skills. To address this problem, this study developed and validated an unplugged robot education system capable of computerless programming education. The key feature of the proposed system is that programing can be done only by connecting programming blocks in symbols of a flow chart with built-in commands. Validation of the system was performed by a specialist group. Validity was very high with values of content validity ratio (CVR) over 0.7 in all evaluation criteria except “Ease of error debugging” and “Linkages to educational curriculum,” whose CVR values were each 0.6. Future directions include improvement in the two areas that scored lower than the others did by, respectively, system improvement to support debugging in error conditions that may occur during the programming process, and development of user guide to support linkages to educational curriculum.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the effects of academic procrastination in middle school students on their academic achievement and also analyzed the influences of stress level recognized by middle-school students on academic achievement.
Abstract: This study aims to examine the effects of academic procrastination in middle school students on their academic achievement. It also analyzed the influences of stress level recognized by middle school students on their academic achievement. First, it examined theoretical and preceding studies and assumed that sub-factors of academic procrastination in middle school students such as behavioral, cognitive and emotional factors affected their academic achievement. It was assumed that the middle school students' stress had the direct mediating effects on their academic achievement. As a result of the research, it was found that sub-factors of academic procrastination in middle school students such as behavioral, cognitive and emotional factors had partially direct influence on their stress and academic achievement. It was shown that the analysis of mediating effects from middle school students' stress had no influence on the academic achievement. This study presented policy suggestions of academic achievement in middle school students as an alternative based on the research results.
TL;DR: In this paper, a study was conducted to identify whether the domestic violence experience of children has an impact on their game addition and verify the direct effects and moderating effects of social support.
Abstract: The aim of this study is to identify whether the domestic violence experience of children has an impact on their game addition and to verify the direct effects and moderating effects of social support. The survey was conducted to the children who were 5th and 6th graders in Gwangju and Jeonnam. The responses from 328 subjects of domestic violence experience from were analyzed. The analytic results are as the following. When verifying the impact of a domestic violence experience ⋅제1저자 : 김나예 ∙투고일 : 2015. 1. 20, 심사일 : 2015. 1. 25, 게재확정일 : 2015. 2. 2. * 조선이공대학교 사회복지과(Dept. of Social Welfare, Chosun College of Science & Technology) 146 Journal of The Korea Society of Computer and Information March 2015 of children on their game addiction, domestict violence was found as the key variable that has a negative impact on children’s game addiction. The results indicated that children with higher levels of domestict violence more likely to have higher levels of game addiction. Furthermore, boy's addiction degree to game was higher than girls' and lower education levels of mother, higher grades were found to be associated with higher game addiction. The impact of children’s social support on their game addiction was analyzed. The analytic results suggest that social support has a impact on their game addiction. In other words, higher social support means lower game addiction. The moderating effect of social support was analyzed. Social support check the moderating effect of domestic violence of children on their game addiction. The Implications of these findings were discussed. ▸
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined teachers' perceptions of early childhood music education provided by childcare centers or kindergartens and also the difficulties they experienced with the instruction of Early Childhood Music education.
Abstract: In this study, the investigator distributed total 100 questionnaires by childcare center teachers in final analysis. The purposes of the study were to examine teachers' perceptions of early childhood music education provided by childcare centers or kindergartens and also the difficulties they experienced with the instruction of early childhood music education and thus provide basic data to develop an educational program for early childhood teachers and search for a direction in early childhood music education in the field of education. The findings were summarized as follows: Both kindergarten and childcare center teachers showed a high perception level of need for and importance of early childhood music education. The teachers thought that early childhood music education facilitated the development of young children across all areas and promoted their pleasure and expressive abilities. Providing music education, the teachers faced difficulties due to the lack of musical knowledge, basic musical skills, and experiences with and confidence in musical activities. They also felt a need for teacher education.