Showing papers in "Latin American Perspectives in 2020"
TL;DR: The main feature of capital accumulation in Brazil during the administrations led by Luis Inacio Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousseff of the Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers’ Party) was the contin...
Abstract: The main feature of capital accumulation in Brazil during the administrations led by Luis Inacio Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousseff of the Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers’ Party—PT) was the contin...
33 citations
TL;DR: The PT governments combined elements of developmentalism and neoliberalism in a contradictory construction, organizing a large political coalition of workers and capitalists that allowed expanding the economic power of the state as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The PT governments combined elements of developmentalism and neoliberalism in a contradictory construction, organizing a large political coalition of workers and capitalists that allowed expanding ...
20 citations
TL;DR: For example, the indigenous movement in Ecuador has shown its considerable capacity for mobilization and the creation of social alliances for change Media coverage of the October 2019 uprising has been largely negative as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Once again the indigenous movement in Ecuador has shown its considerable capacity for mobilization and the creation of social alliances for change Media coverage of the October 2019 uprising has b
17 citations
TL;DR: There are various reasons for the dissolution of the productivist coalition and the formation of an antidevelopmentalist bourgeois united front during Dilma Rousseff's first term.
Abstract: There are various reasons for the dissolution of the productivist coalition and the formation of an antidevelopmentalist bourgeois united front during Dilma Rousseff’s first term. With the intentio...
15 citations
TL;DR: In El Salvador, the export of cheap labor to the United States is the dominant factor in the contemporary economy of El Salvador as discussed by the authors, which is enjoying a new comparative advantage in the international economic system.
Abstract: Remittances are the dominant factor in the contemporary economy of El Salvador, which is enjoying a new comparative advantage in the international economic system—the export of cheap labor to the G...
14 citations
TL;DR: A review from a Latin American perspective of social movements in Latin America can be found in this article, where the authors present a review of the social movements of the 1990s in the region.
Abstract: Social movements in Latin America have always attracted attention, but there is no agreed-upon paradigm, certainly not one accepted in Latin America. A review from a Latin American perspective of t...
13 citations
TL;DR: The negotiated relationship between feminist social movements and state institutions controlled by the leftist Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front (FML) political party in El Salvad... as mentioned in this paper, is examined in detail.
Abstract: Examination of the negotiated relationships between feminist social movements and state institutions controlled by the leftist Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front political party in El Salvad...
12 citations
TL;DR: A more general view of what is often called the "New Left", which is first characterized by the importance assigned to three issues: social liberation, national liberation and revolutionary violence, is presented in this article.
Abstract: In recent years, investigation on 1960s/1970s revolutionary activism in Argentina has led to the publication of multiple case studies. Building on this existing literature, the article provides a more general view of what is often called the "New Left", which is first characterized by the importance assigned to three issues: social liberation, national liberation and revolutionary violence. The paper then isolates two differentiating lines within this political space: an ideological divide (Marxism vs. Peronism) and an instrumental division over the strategic status of violence (insurrection vs. protracted people's war vs. political-military action). In the conclusion, we provide a summarized graphic representation to facilitate comparative reflections on radical politics in the long sixties. This overview shall help non-specialists familiarize with a complex historical reality that has become key to contemporary political debates on memory and human rights in Argentina.
12 citations
TL;DR: The last Argentine dictatorship (1976-1983) also developed cultural, educational, and communi... as mentioned in this paper, which is not the only one that formulate political strategies to generate consensus.
Abstract: Democratic governments are not the only ones that formulate political strategies to generate consensus. The last Argentine dictatorship (1976–1983) also developed cultural, educational, and communi...
11 citations
TL;DR: Chile has witnessed an unprecedented emergence of social movements since the return to democracy in 1990 as mentioned in this paper, which have been characterized by limited participation by the conventional political actors in these movements.
Abstract: Chile has witnessed an unprecedented emergence of social movements since the return to democracy in 1990. These have been characterized by limited participation by the conventional political actors...
11 citations
TL;DR: The crisis of the Lulist mode of regulation of social conflict has been framed as part of the impeachment of Brazil's president Dilma Rousseff by the Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers' Party) as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: President Dilma Rousseff’s impeachment should be framed as part of the crisis of the Lulist mode of regulation of social conflict. The Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers’ Party—PT) presidencies los...
TL;DR: The August 2019 announcement by some top former commanders of the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia-Ejercito del Pueblo guerrillas in Colombia that they were resuming armed struggle was a...
Abstract: The August 2019 announcement by some top former commanders of the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia–Ejercito del Pueblo guerrillas in Colombia that they were resuming armed struggle was a...
TL;DR: A sociolegal analysis of the sources of Puerto Rico's fiscal and economic crisis points to the use of the colonial state of exception as an economic development policy facilitating the creation of... as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A sociolegal analysis of the sources of Puerto Rico’s fiscal and economic crisis points to the use of the colonial state of exception as an economic development policy facilitating the creation of ...
TL;DR: During the center-left Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers’ Party-PT) governments of Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva (2002-2010) and Dilma Rousseff (2011-2016), the Brazilian Landless Movement took advant...
Abstract: During the center-left Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers’ Party—PT) governments of Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva (2002–2010) and Dilma Rousseff (2011–2016), the Brazilian Landless Movement took advant...
TL;DR: In Mexico, climate change and neoliberal policies in Mexico have been fomenting migration by campesinos and their sons, primarily internal, to cities and tourist centers, where migrants enga...
Abstract: Climate change and neoliberal policies in Mexico have been fomenting migration by campesinos and their sons. This migration is primarily internal, to cities and tourist centers, where migrants enga...
TL;DR: The economic policies of the governments of Lula da Silva (2003-2010) and Dilma Rousseff (2011-2016) combined orthodox measures with distinctive pro-growth measures as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The economic policies of the governments of Lula da Silva (2003–2010) and Dilma Rousseff (2011–2016) combined orthodox measures with distinctive pro-growth measures that, although they deviated fro...
TL;DR: The most widespread implementation of the autonomous sovereignty of the popular sectors in the socialist policies of Chavez's Venezuela, known as poder popular (popular power), is the consejo comun....
Abstract: The most widespread implementation of the autonomous sovereignty of the popular sectors in the socialist policies of Chavez’s Venezuela, known as poder popular (popular power), is the consejo comun...
TL;DR: Founded in 2014, the Missionaries of Francis is a small social movement organization made up of activists from several other social movement organizations representing informal workers and the unembraced as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Founded in 2014, the Missionaries of Francis is a small social movement organization made up of activists from several other social movement organizations representing informal workers and the unem
TL;DR: There is some consensus on the foreign policy of Dilma Rousseff's government that Brazil lost prestige and international influence because of her lesser personal dedication as mentioned in this paper. But against this consensus, there is no evidence to support this consensus.
Abstract: There is some consensus on the foreign policy of Dilma Rousseff’s government that Brazil lost prestige and international influence because of her lesser personal dedication. Against this consensus,...
TL;DR: A critical assessment reveals that they combined two varieties of developmentalism in different ways over time, with a surpri... as discussed by the authors, concluding that the PT governments followed developmentalist policies.
Abstract: To what extent did the PT governments follow developmentalist policies? A critical assessment reveals that they combined two varieties of developmentalism in different ways over time, with a surpri...
TL;DR: For example, Brazil's social structure and associated distributive policies during the PT governments did not depart from neoliberalism but rather implemented a poverty-reducing variant of it as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Brazil’s social structure and associated distributive policies during the PT governments did not depart from neoliberalism but rather implemented a poverty-reducing variant of it. Through minimum-w...
TL;DR: The social and environmental effects of industrial agriculture in the San Quintin Valley of Baja California are closely related as mentioned in this paper, and an environmental history of the valley from European contact to the...
Abstract: The social and environmental effects of industrial agriculture in the San Quintin Valley of Baja California are closely related. An environmental history of the valley from European contact to the ...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluate the growth model of the PT governments based on the contributions of Celso Furtado and conclude that the recent growth cycle has alleviated the typical characteristics of underdevelopment.
Abstract: Evaluation of the growth model of the PT governments based on the contributions of Celso Furtado reveals that the recent growth cycle has alleviated the typical characteristics of underdevelopment ...
TL;DR: A comparison of feminists in four Latin American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Chile) showed that these interactions may be contentious, collaborati... as mentioned in this paper ].
Abstract: Comparison of feminists’repertoires of interaction in four Latin American countries—Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Chile—reinforces the idea that these interactions may be contentious, collaborati...
TL;DR: A comparison of the antibullfighting agenda in Bogota, Lima, and Quito sheds light on the relation between new social movements and left parties as mentioned in this paper, suggesting that although a social movemen...
Abstract: Comparative analysis of the antibullfighting agenda in Bogota, Lima, and Quito sheds light on the relation between new social movements and left parties. It suggests that, although a social movemen...
TL;DR: An analysis of the development of the Brazilian pension system's issues under the Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers’ Party-PT) governments focused on four main themes: austerity policy, payroll tax, and public sector reform as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: An analysis of the development of the Brazilian pension system’s issues under the Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers’ Party–PT) governments focused on four main themes: austerity policy, payroll ta...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors considered from the perspective of new developmentalism, the implementation of regional development policies under the Lula and Dilma governments was limited, and the recovery of state activity was limited.
Abstract: Considered from the perspective of new developmentalism, the implementation of regional development policies under the Lula and Dilma governments was limited. The recovery of state activity was acc...
TL;DR: In the context of globalization and neoliberalism in Mexico, the authors in this paper discuss migration, human rights violation, gender inequality, environmental destruction, and other phenomena discussed in this issue need to be placed in a broad context for their full significance to be grasped, and an examination of the specificity of the Mexican case is essential to appreciate their full scope.
Abstract: Migration, human rights violation, gender inequality, environmental destruction, and other phenomena discussed in this issue need to be placed in the broad context of globalization and neoliberalism for their full significance to be grasped. At the same time, an examination of the specificity of the Mexican case is essential to appreciate their full scope. Neoliberal rule in Mexico extended for much longer than elsewhere in Latin America. In many countries the heyday of neoliberalism began in the 1990s and ended with the advent of pro-leftist Pink Tide governments in the early years of the twenty-first century. In contrast, in Mexico neoliberalism dated to the aftermath of the debt crisis of 1982, when President Miguel de la Madrid accepted formulas imposed by the International Monetary Fund, and continued under presidents Carlos Salinas de Gortari (1988–1994), Ernesto Zedillo (1994–2000), Vicente Fox (2000–2006), Felipe Calderón (2006–2012), and Enrique Peña Nieto (2012–2018). Mexicans elected a progressive president, Andrés Manuel López Obrador, in 2018, when the rest of the Pink Tide had been removed from office or (as in the case of Venezuela) had suffered harsh setbacks and was on the defensive. The full implications of the neoliberal policies of 1982–2018 and the concurrent abandonment of what was perceived to be the essence of the Mexican Revolution form the backdrop for the topics explored in this issue and for the presidential triumph of López Obrador in July 2018. The tenacity of the legacy of the Mexican Revolution explains in large part the popular rejection of and resistance to the political establishment in twentyfirst-century Mexico. Two aspects of this legacy are particularly relevant. One was the Constitution of 1917 and specifically Article 27, which underpinned the justification of government control of mining and particularly the oil industry and the expropriation of large estates. Subsequently, state control of strategic industries became a leftist banner throughout Latin America, and only by the second half of the century did it gain wider acceptance in the continent. The
TL;DR: An empiric analysis of the relationship between Evo Morales and his original support base has been carried out by as discussed by the authors, who found that the confrontations between Morales's Movement toward Socialism (MAS)-led government and sectors of his original base have raised concerns regarding Bolivia's "process of change".
Abstract: Confrontations between Evo Morales’s Movement toward Socialism (MAS)-led government and sectors of his original support base have raised concerns regarding Bolivia’s “process of change.” An empiric...
TL;DR: In its 12 years in government, Brazil's Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers' Party) promoted inclusion through the labor market and through consumption with an increase in labor flexibility.
Abstract: In its 12 years in government, Brazil’s Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers’ Party—PT) promoted inclusion through the labor market and through consumption with an increase in labor flexibility. Desp...