Macedonian Journal of Animal Science 

About: Macedonian Journal of Animal Science is an academic journal. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Feed conversion ratio & Dairy cattle. It has an ISSN identifier of 1857-6907. Over the lifetime, 174 publications have been published receiving 409 citations.

Situation and perspectives of buffalo in the world, europe and macedonia

Abstract: The Asian buffalo or the Water buffalo is classified in the genus Bubalus, species bubalis. Taming occurred at recent times (5,000 years ago) compared to taming of Bos Taurus and Bos Indicus (10,000 years ago). Asian buffalo includes two subspecies named also types: the River and the Swamp, the morphology and the purposes of which are different as well as the genetics. The River buffalo has 50 chromosomes of which 5 pairs are submetacentric, while 20 acrocentric. The Swamp buffalo has 48 chromosomes, of which 19 pairs are metacentric. The two subspecies are inter-fertile and give progeny with 49 chromosomes. Male crossbred progeny has sometimes showed fertility problems while female progeny has showed longer calving intervals only in case of further backcross. Morphology of the two types differs considerably. Swamp buffaloes are less heavy, the adult male weight ranging between 325 and 450 kg, while River type weighs between 450 and 1000 kg. While the Swamp buffalo is reared mainly for draught purposes, although it also gives valuable milk production of up to 600 kg milk per year, the importance of the River buffalo depends on the high quality and quantity of the milk that it produces. Each subspecies shows a lot of breeds. Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) population in the world is actually about 172 million head: 168 million are in Asia (97%); 4 million are in Africa, practically only in Egypt (2.3%); 4,1 million in South America (2.4%); 40,000 in Australia (0.02%); 500,000 in Europe (0.3 %).

Importance of body condition score in dairy goats

Abstract: Routine scoring of the body condition of dairy animals can help detect potential problems that might cause a decrease in milk production. As the production level of a herd increases, the body condition scoring becomes more important. A routine program for body condition scoring can help detect potential health problems before they significantly reduce milk production. A herd of goat that is in good body condition will not only produce more, but will also be less susceptible to metabolic disorders, diseases, mastitis and reproductive problems.

Effects of heat stress on physiological traits in sheep.

Abstract: Sheep husbandry in tropical and sub-tropical regions tends to breed throughout the year, although the sexual activity is restricted to a certain extent to the summer months. In such areas, a high ambient temperature is the major constraint on animal productivity. This effect is aggravated when heat stress is accompanied by high ambient humidity. Exposure of sheep to elevated temperatures results in a decrease of body weight, average daily gain, growth rate and body total solids. The possible mechanisms involved in inducing the biological changes in heat-stressed sheep could have definite applications. Growth in young animals, the increase in live body weight, is controlled genetically and environmentally. The available nutrients, hormones and enzymes, as well as, elevated ambient temperatures are considered as some of the environmental factors that can influence daily gain. During the early stage of embryonic life, the total cell number and placentome size were greatly reduced and the cell size only slightly decreased by exposure to warm temperatures, compared to thermo-neutral temperatures. This occurred at the time of examining aspects of placental protein and energy metabolism of pregnant ewes during middle and late gestation. The effect of heat is aggravated when heat stress is accompanied with high ambient humidity.

Influence of age on some blood parameters of lambs in organic production.

Abstract: The influence of age to changes of some blood parameters was been researched within the blood serum of lambs during the suckling (30th day) and fattening period (70th day). Lamb was holding on the organic way. Significantly decreased concentration of calcium (2.78 and 2.67 mmol/L), inorganic-phosphorus (3.53 and 3.10 mmol/L), triglyceride (0.43 and 0.28 mmol/L), total cholesterol (1.67 and 1.04 mmol/L), HDL and LDL- cholesterol (1.10 and 0.73 mmol/L ; 0.37 and 0.19 mmol/L) as well as increased concentration of sodium (149.43 and 152.14 mmol/L), urea (6.89 and 8.66 mmol/L), total proteins (56.41 and 59.76 g/L), albumins (29.91 and 31.11 g/L) and ALT-alanine aminotransferase activity (9.14 and 12.14 U/L) were determined in the blood of lambs with increasing of age. With increasing age of lamb significantly increased the number of WBC (leucocytes) and RBC (red blood cell) as well as content of haemoglobin and haematocrite in blood. Higher content of platelet and MCV as well as lower content of MCH and MCHC were found in the blood of older lamb in comparison with the youngest lamb. The results of some blood metabolites in the lamb organic production indicate that the age must be taken as a very important factor in determining metabolic profile of blood.

Effect of cold plasma on wheat flour and bread making quality

Abstract: Cold plasma is an environmentally friendly technology that meets the present ecological requirements. Plasma is not accumulated in end-used products. As the cold plasma is produced just before usage, there are no requirements either for storage or activation procedure. Cold plasma has an oxidation-reduction potential. In the bread baking industry it is used in dough systems to whiten the flour and subsequent bread crumb. Also to promote disulfide bond formation between glutenin proteins, that improves dough strength. Experiments have been realized to evaluate the influence of cold plasma treatment on the flour and bread-making quality without the use of any additives. Wheat flour was treated with cold plasma in counter flow exchange by using the device "Plason". Exposure: concentration of 1000 ppm at 2.5 L/minute. Time exposition: 45 minutes. Because gas dissociates quickly into molecular oxygen the assessment of wheat flour was made first just after treatment, and then five days later. As a result of cold plasma treatment, the treated flour has a brightly creamy color, unlike untreated flour. The content of wet gluten has gone down a little due to deterioration of its hydration capacity but gluten quality was increased. Improvements in dough structural and mechanical properties such as, increasing dough stability and dough strength, reduction of dough softening, all have been observed. The results obtained showed that cold plasma has an effect on bread structural and mechanical properties. The loaves baked just after treatment demonstrated expansion of the total and specific volume along with enhancement of their appearance and porosity structure.