Magnetochemistry 

About: Magnetochemistry is an academic journal published by Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Chemistry & Magnetization. It has an ISSN identifier of 2312-7481. It is also open access. Over the lifetime, 791 publications have been published receiving 4821 citations. The journal is also known as: magnetic chemistry.

Charge Transport and Electrical Properties of Spin Crossover Materials: Towards Nanoelectronic and Spintronic Devices

Abstract: In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of research on electrical and charge transport properties of spin crossover complexes. This includes both the effect of spin-state switching on the dielectric permittivity and electrical conductivity of the material and vice versa the influence of an applied electrical field (or current) on the spin-state of the system. The survey covers different size scales from bulk materials and thin films to nanoparticles and single molecules and embraces the presentation of several device prototypes and hybrid materials as well.

Magnetite (Fe3O4) Nanoparticles in Biomedical Application: From Synthesis to Surface Functionalisation

Abstract: Nanotechnology has gained much attention for its potential application in medical science. Iron oxide nanoparticles have demonstrated a promising effect in various biomedical applications. In particular, magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles are widely applied due to their biocompatibility, high magnetic susceptibility, chemical stability, innocuousness, high saturation magnetisation, and inexpensiveness. Magnetite (Fe3O4) exhibits superparamagnetism as its size shrinks in the single-domain region to around 20 nm, which is an essential property for use in biomedical applications. In this review, the application of magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) in the biomedical field based on different synthesis approaches and various surface functionalisation materials was discussed. Firstly, a brief introduction on the MNP properties, such as physical, thermal, magnetic, and optical properties, is provided. Considering that the surface chemistry of MNPs plays an important role in the practical implementation of in vitro and in vivo applications, this review then focuses on several predominant synthesis methods and variations in the synthesis parameters of MNPs. The encapsulation of MNPs with organic and inorganic materials is also discussed. Finally, the most common in vivo and in vitro applications in the biomedical world are elucidated. This review aims to deliver concise information to new researchers in this field, guide them in selecting appropriate synthesis techniques for MNPs, and to enhance the surface chemistry of MNPs for their interests.

Principles of Magnetic Hyperthermia: A Focus on Using Multifunctional Hybrid Magnetic Nanoparticles

Abstract: Hyperthermia is a noninvasive method that uses heat for cancer therapy where high temperatures have a damaging effect on tumor cells. However, large amounts of heat need to be delivered, which could have negative effects on healthy tissues. Thus, to minimize the negative side effects on healthy cells, a large amount of heat must be delivered only to the tumor cells. Magnetic hyperthermia (MH) uses magnetic nanoparticles particles (MNPs) that are exposed to alternating magnetic field (AMF) to generate heat in local regions (tissues or cells). This cancer therapy method has several advantages, such as (a) it is noninvasive, thus requiring surgery, and (b) it is local, and thus does not damage health cells. However, there are several issues that need to achieved: (a) the MNPs should be biocompatible, biodegradable, with good colloidal stability (b) the MNPs should be successfully delivered to the tumor cells, (c) the MNPs should be used with small amounts and thus MNPs with large heat generation capabilities are required, (d) the AMF used to heat the MNPs should meet safety conditions with limited frequency and amplitude ranges, (e) the changes of temperature should be traced at the cellular level with accurate and noninvasive techniques, (f) factors affecting heat transport from the MNPs to the cells must be understood, and (g) the effect of temperature on the biological mechanisms of cells should be clearly understood. Thus, in this multidisciplinary field, research is needed to investigate these issues. In this report, we shed some light on the principles of heat generation by MNPs in AMF, the limitations and challenges of MH, and the applications of MH using multifunctional hybrid MNPs.

Recent Advances in Organic Radicals and Their Magnetism

Abstract: The review presents an overview of the organic radicals that have been designed and synthesized recently, and their magnetic properties are discussed. The π-conjugated organic radicals such as phenalenyl systems, functionalized nitronylnitroxides, benzotriazinyl, bisthiazolyl, aminyl-based radicals and polyradicals, and Tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)-based H-bonded radicals have been considered. The examples show that weak supramolecular interactions play a major role in modulating the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic properties. The new emerging direction of zethrenes, organic polyradicals, and macrocyclic polyradicals with their attractive and discrete architectures has been deliberated. The magnetic studies delineate the singlet-triplet transitions and their corresponding energies in these organic radicals. We have also made an attempt to collate the major organic neutral radicals, radical ions and radical zwitterions that have emerged over the last century.

Symmetry Breaking in Iron(II) Spin-Crossover Molecular Crystals

Abstract: This review provides an up to date survey of a singular class of iron(II) spin crossover (SCO) molecular materials that undergo high-spin (HS) ↔ low-spin (LS) phase transitions accompanied by crystallographic symmetry breaking (CSB). Particular interest has been focused on a variety of complexes that exhibit one-step or stepwise SCO behavior and CSB. Most of them afford excellent examples of well-ordered 1HS-1LS, 2HS-1LS or 1HS-2LS intermediate phases (IP) and represent an important platform to disclose microscopic mechanisms responsible for cooperativity and ordering in such multistable materials.