Showing papers in "Mathematical Social Sciences in 1993"

TL;DR: In this article, the authors associate each bankruptcy problem with a bargaining problem and derive old allocation rules for the former by applying well known bargaining solutions to the latter, and apply them to the present problem.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors pull together several strands of literature on issues important to social welfare: the environmental impact of production and consumption, the importance of relative income effects, aspiration and frustration, and the tendency of individuals and politicians to be myopic in intertemporal choices.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider the problem of allocating a single indivisible good to one of several agents when monetary compensations to the losers are possible, and show that any subsolution of the no-envy solution satisfying consistency and a minor neutrality condition contains the solution that systematically picks the allocation in the envy-free set the most unfavorable to the winner.

TL;DR: In this article, a generalized model of interval choice is considered in terms of error functions being dependent on a feasible set of options, and the binary relations are considered as well as rationality conditions on choice functions which are generated by such kind of choice mechanisms.

TL;DR: In this article, a suicide attempt is viewed as an attempt to signal credibly and thereby influence the actions of another decision-maker in a game-theoretic model, and the authors view suicide attempts that have non-trivial chances of both success and failure are relatively common.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the propensity of simple voting systems to elect the Condorcet loser in three-alternative elections and obtained exact relations which give the probability of this paradox for plurality and negative voting as a function of the number of voters.

TL;DR: An axiomatic characterization of a new egalitarian-type solution for bargaining problems with claims that selects the weakly Pareto optimal point in the feasible set such that the losses of all agents from their respective claims are equal.

TL;DR: The main purpose of as mentioned in this paper is to show a unified approach, using measure theory, in order to study the numerical representation of ordered sets, and this approach is also used in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provided an axiomatic characterization of the lexicographic equal-loss solution for bargaining problems and proposed a new solution concept, which modifies Chun's equal loss solution in a way that ensures individual rationality.

TL;DR: In this article, a more general view of the notion of choice functions is presented, where the choice set is not the best alternatives, but the best teams of fixed cardinality k. The choice set here is the set of equally best teams.

TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that simple ordinal axioms already allow a coordinatization by ordered loops which guarantees meaningfulness as defined in measurement theory, and that these simple ordinals even yield a meaningful representation by real numbers.

TL;DR: In this paper, the Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorem and Arrow's theorem for social choice functions are extended by exploring the possibility that indifferences be admissible for some pairs of alternatives and not for others.

TL;DR: For example, this article showed that demand curves for mixed diamond goods with no inferiority may be upward-sloping, even if the degree of the diamond effect is unchanged, making a negative burden (not excess burden) of taxation possible.

TL;DR: An approach to judging the rationality of decision-maker's behavior is suggested for various cases of incomplete observability and/or controllability of alternatives.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors extend the non-binary framework of social choice introduced by Aizerman and Aleskerov (1986), in which individual choice functions are aggregated into a social choice function, by considering non-monotonic operators.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors introduce a general mathematical model that allows for a unified approach to neutral consensus methods via the notion of stability families, and special attention is paid to conditions that produce abstract versions of Arrow's Theorem.

TL;DR: The importance of a characteristic for the description of the typical behavior of a group of experimental subjects is expressed by its typicity as discussed by the authors, which indicates the extent to which their behavior is typical.

TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the probability measure cannot be countably additive and that the set of events must be a σ-algebra and not just an algebra.

TL;DR: In this paper, the main aim is to characterize real-valued functions S(X) or S(x, X, X1,\h.,Xn) which are comparable with the degree up to which the variables X and X1 are known.

TL;DR: In this article, an alternative solution method for a popular model of imperfect competition is proposed, which more fully utilizes the structure of the model, is simple to implement, yields some new predictions, and reverses some old ones.

TL;DR: This article examined labor-market discrimination in major-league baseball using a game-theoretic model and found that strategic interaction may have played a pivotal role in the history of discrimination in the major leagues.

TL;DR: The purpose of the study is to examine the expected likelihood with which subjects will have transitive responses in agreement with May's model as this degree of precision is varied, and the impact that the imposition of the assumption of single peaked preferences on the ordinal information on attributes has on this expected likelihood.

TL;DR: In this paper, a game theoretical model with Chinese feature is constructed and analyzed in detail, and the Bertrand-Nash equilibrium is examined and government taxation on the firms' free market profits is discussed.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that the general mathematical theory of decentralized resource allocation processes can be extended to infinite dimensional spaces and offer an economic example as an application of the general theory.

TL;DR: Variation in Social Structure by Region and Language Family is concerned with variation within the social structure space by region and language family and it is shown that neither Murdock’s six regions or a classification of societies by continents provides the best solution.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the dynamics of the overlapping generations model with money under the assumption that agents are not aware of the strategic oppurtunities left open by non-equilibrium trade.

TL;DR: The conclusion is that the 2 per 1000 data are valid for the study of the pace, distribution, and causes of the decline of infant mortality in China between the 1950s and 1988.

TL;DR: A study of the exact nature of a class of cluster methods that are suitable for use with data having only ordinal significance is made in this article, where the authors propose a clustering algorithm that is suitable for ordinal data.

TL;DR: In this paper, the computability of rational expectations equilibria in infinite horizon economies is investigated using techniques drawn from recursive function theory, and the concept of a recursive economy is defined.