Natural Products: An Indian Journal 

About: Natural Products: An Indian Journal is an academic journal. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Essential oil & Phytochemical. It has an ISSN identifier of 0974-7508. Over the lifetime, 318 publications have been published receiving 723 citations.

Effect Of Geographical Variation On Contents Of Tannic Acid, Gallic Acid, Chebulinic Acid And Ethyl Gallate In Terminalia Chebula Fruits

Abstract: Terminalia chebula has been mentioned in traditional system of medicine for many diseases. This paper presents a scientific method for establishing its uses based on composition of various chemical constituents. H.P.L.C method has been developed for simultaneous estimation of tannic acid, gallic acid, chebulinic acid and ethyl gallate in different samples of Terminalia chebula. The results have shown a considerable change in these phyto nutrients in different samples of fruits of Terminalia chebula, which gives a new direction into scientific basis of its traditional uses.

The Characteristics and Roles of Medicinal Plants: Some Important Medicinal Plants in Nigeria

Abstract: Natural products derived from plants for the treatment of diseases have proved that nature stands a golden mark to show the relationship between the interrelationship between man and his environment. The researches and utilization of herbal medicine in the treatment of diseases increases every day. Before the development and civilization by the British in Nigeria, medicinal plants are believed traditionally to be a therapeutic agent for the treatment of diseases such as typhoid, cholera, measles, gonorrhea. However, the knowledge of herbal medicines for treatment of diseases is confined to mostly the practicing herbalists or plant scientists with the belief that herbal medicines will lose their potency if revealed to other people. Although some herbs may have medicinal values, sometimes the medicinal preparation inflicts certain side effects. In view of this, the present study focuses on the knowledge on medicinal uses of plants and the scientific investigation to confirm their medicinal values.

Cross-breeding in Cattle for Milk Production: Achievements, Challenges andOpportunities in India-A Review

Abstract: This paper reviews experiences with cross-breeding for milk production in India Data were compiled from different studies evaluating the performance of different grades of cross-bred animals as well as local breeds Relative performance of indigenous breeds compared with different grades of cross-breeds was calculated Traits considered were milk yield per lactation, age at first calving, services per conception, lifetime milk yield and total number of lactations completed Exotic inheritance of around 50% is the most ideal for growth, reproduction and milk production, and the yield in higher crosses falls short of theoretical expectations The grading up, therefore, to a total replacement of genes will not lead to higher production in cattle The crosses of temperate with improved indigenous breeds (Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Gir, Tharparkar) attained the same level of performance under uniform feeding and are superior to crosses from other native cattle Holstein crosses were superior to other temperate breed crosses for growth and production while Jersey crosses have better reproductive efficiency Decline in milk yield from F1 to F2 generations on account of inter se mating among F1 crossbreds is small The Friesian crossbreds excelled in milk yield, but were slightly older at first calving and had slightly longer calving intervals than Jersey crosses A serious decline in performance from F1 to F2 was observed in both crosses: F2 were about eight months older at first calving and produced about 30% less milk They had also much longer calving intervals The combination of ART with advanced molecular genetics plus the availability of simple recording schemes provide great opportunities for developing and multiplying synthetic breeds at a much faster rate than in previously conducted breeding programmes Although cross-breeding faces a number of challenges such as better infrastructure, higher demand for health care, there are many advantages of using it These are higher production per animal, higher income for the families and provision of high-value food It is therefore likely to continue to be an important livestock improvement tool in the tropics in the future, where farmers can provide sufficient management for maintaining animals with higher input requirements and access to the milk market can be secured

Gut Adaptation to Healthy Starch Assimilation in Dairy Ruminants: A LifetimeDevelopment

Abstract: НLs perspective policy article describes a lifetime program to e�?ٴectLYeO\ adapt rumen and post-rumen ecology to starch fermentation and assimilation. Such a program necessitates prolonged nutritional management of dairy animals from just a�?er birth when concentrate feeding begins through heifer and dairy production cycles. By an evolutionary deٽnLtLon due to high dependence on natural resources especially on pastures, ruminants have long developed extensive rumen fermentation. НLs exceptionality enables utilization of resistant plant cell wall ٽbres using microbial enzymes symbiotically [1,2]. Accordingly, only so much starch could have been supplied to the rumen and post-rumen. Owing to such a limited starch nutrition in nature, ruminants have not required extensive amylolytic capacity particularly post-ruminally [3]. However, due to modernization of the dairy industry especially over the last few decades, nutritional and health demands for e�?ٴectLYe starch fermentation in rumen and capacious starch assimilation and glucose absorption in small intestine have increased. Collecting all of these optimums together has, thus, become a serious challenge on-farm [3,4]. Consequently, unhealthy and LneٹcLent rumen fermentation, Lne�?ٴectLYe post-rumen starch assimilation, and metabolic disorders (e.g., subacute rumen acidosis, rumenitis, liver steatosis, laminitis, and immune malfunction) frequently occur in today’s dairy farming [4,5]. Нe drama requires feasible and pragmatic actions to overcome the challenges and improve economics and food safety globally [6,7]. Pragmatically, timely adaptation of the ruminant gut to extensive starch fermentation and assimilation requires a step-wise planning. Reliance on prolonged milk supply and easily available pasture has kept natural ruminants from early development of starch assimilative capacity in both rumen and post-rumen. In modern farming, however, such natural properties must be modulated to cope with the increasing demand for higher production eٹcLenc\ Нe latter obliges improved production per unit of nutrient intake. Increased production can be achieved merely through e�?ٴectLYe nutrition of starch as a most concentrated form of available energy for both microbes and the host ruminant. In fact, improved milk and beef production eٹcLenc\ stems from increased microbial mass yield as a result of stabilized rumen conditions. Notably then, any health-sustaining pathway must go through successful starch nutrition. Нe industrial implication of this article involves allowing the living gut to receive and assimilate adequate starch right from few weeks post-birth in calves through heifer and adult cow production cycle. However, this plan must not contradict with the conventional practice to not overfeed heifers with high-energy diets that cause excessive abdominal and peripheral adiposity and reduced fertility. In other words, diets could have adequate starch and not be overly energydense. Additionally, to avoid over intake of energy, starch diets may be fed at limited intake levels under constrained feeding programs. In a nutshell, a sustainable strategy to improve starch dynamics in the high-producing ruminant gut is to conduct the adaptation for the entire commercial life from just a�?er birth through multiple production cycles. НLs requires systematic and well-managed starch nutrition of calves, heifers and mature dairy cows. Such an adaptation is not limited to short-term alterations in rumen microbial populations and hepatic biochemistry. Harmonically, but the program works at tissue, cell, and gene levels and helps build foundations for starchbased modern farm management. Research is a must to enlighten the various aspects of the theory.

Nutritional Value, Functional Properties And Nutraceutical Applications Of Black Cumin (Nigella Sativa L.) Oilseeds: An Overview

Abstract: Non-conventional seeds are being considered because their constituents have unique chemical properties and may augment the supply of nutritional and functional products. Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) seeds and its crude or essential oils have been widely used in traditional nutritional and medicinal applications. Consequently, black cumin has been extensively studied for its nutritional value and biological activities. The black cumin oilseed had been shown to be anticancer, antidiabetic, antiradical and immunomodulator, analgesic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, spasmolytic, bronchodilator, hepatoprotective, antihypertensive and renal protective. Moreover, black seeds had many antioxiative properties and activities. In consideration of potential utilization, detailed knowledge on the composition of black cumin oilseed is of major importance. The diversity of applications to which black cumin can be put gives this oilseed great industrial importance. This review summarize the phytochemical composition, nutritional value and pharmaceutical activities of black cumin oilseeds.