•Journal•ISSN: 1852-4249
Papers in Physics
Papers in Physics
About: Papers in Physics is an academic journal published by Papers in Physics. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Engineering & Computer science. It has an ISSN identifier of 1852-4249. It is also open access. Over the lifetime, 116 publications have been published receiving 536 citations.
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TL;DR: Zuriguel et al. as mentioned in this paper gave an overview of this field paying special attention to the features of statistical distributions appearing in the clogging and unclogging processes, which are essential to understand the problem and allow subsequent study of topics such as the influence of particle shape, the structure of clogging arches and the possible existence of a critical outlet size above which the outpouring will never stop.
Abstract: During the past decades, notable improvements have been achieved in the understanding of static and dynamic properties of granular materials, giving rise to appealing new concepts like jamming, force chains, non-local rheology or the inertial number. The 'saltcellar' can be seen as a canonical example of the characteristic features displayed by granular materials: an apparently smooth flow is interrupted by the formation of a mesoscopic structure (arch) above the outlet that causes a quick dissipation of all the kinetic energy within the system. In this manuscript, I will give an overview of this field paying special attention to the features of statistical distributions appearing in the clogging and unclogging processes. These distributions are essential to understand the problem and allow subsequent study of topics such as the influence of particle shape, the structure of the clogging arches and the possible existence of a critical outlet size above which the outpouring will never stop. I shall finally offer some hints about general ideas that can be explored in the next few years. Received: 21 November 2014, Accepted: 5 December 2014; Reviewed by: K. To, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Edited by: L. A. Pugnaloni; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4279/PIP.060014 Cite as: I Zuriguel, Papers in Physics 6, 060014 (2014)
46 citations
TL;DR: Wilson et al. as mentioned in this paper measured the discharge of spherical grains from a hole in the bottom of a right circular cylinder with the entire system underwater and found that the discharge rate depends on filling height, in contrast to the well-known case of dry noncohesive grains.
Abstract: The discharge of spherical grains from a hole in the bottom of a right circular cylinder is measured with the entire system underwater We find that the discharge rate depends on filling height, in contrast to the well-known case of dry non-cohesive grains It is further surprising that the rate increases up to about twenty five percent, as the hopper empties and the granular pressure head decreases For deep filling, where the discharge rate is constant, we measure the behavior as a function of both grain and hole diameters The discharge rate scale is set by the product of hole area and the terminal falling speed of isolated grains But there is a small-hole cutoff of about two and half grain diameters, which is larger than the analogous cutoff in the Beverloo equation for dry grains Received: 11 September 2014, Accepted: 10 October 2014; Reviewed by: L Staron, CNRS, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Institut Le Rond d'Alembert, Paris, France; Edited by: L A Pugnaloni; DOI: http://dxdoiorg/104279/PIP060009 Cite as: T J Wilson, C R Pfeifer, N Meysingier, D J Durian, Papers in Physics 6, 060009 (2014)
39 citations
TL;DR: Esquinazi et al. as mentioned in this paper reviewed experimental results from transport to magnetization measurements on different graphite samples, from bulk oriented graphite, thin graphite films to transmission electron microscope lamellae, that indicate the existence of granular superconductivity at temperatures above 100 k.
Abstract: We review experimental results, from transport to magnetization measurements, on different graphite samples, from bulk oriented graphite, thin graphite films to transmission electron microscope lamellae, that indicate the existence of granular superconductivity at temperatures above 100~K. The accumulated evidence speaks for a localization of the superconducting phase(s) at certain interfaces embedded in semiconducting crystalline regions with Bernal stacking order. Received: 25 January 2013, Accepted: 10 October 2013; Reviewed by: E. M. Forgan, School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Birmingham, U.K.; Edited by: S. A. Grigera; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4279/PIP.050007 Cite as: P Esquinazi, Papers in Physics 5, 050007 (2013)
22 citations
TL;DR: Porasso et al. as mentioned in this paper studied the temporal evolution of some lipids properties, such as the surface area per lipid, the deuterium order parameter, the lipid hydration and the lipid-calcium coordination.
Abstract: With the aim of establishing a criterion for identifying when a lipid bilayer has reached steady state using the molecular dynamics simulation technique, lipid bilayers of different composition in their liquid crystalline phase were simulated in aqueous solution in presence of CaCl as electrolyte, at different concentration levels. In this regard, we used two different lipid bilayer systems: one composed by 288 DPPC (DiPalmitoylPhosphatidylCholine) and another constituted by 288 DPPS (DiPalmitoylPhosphatidylSerine). In this sense, for both type of lipid bilayers, we have studied the temporal evolution of some lipids properties, such as the surface area per lipid, the deuterium order parameter, the lipid hydration and the lipid-calcium coordination. From their analysis, it became evident how each property has a different time to achieve equilibrium. The following order was found, from faster property to slower property: coordination of ions deuterium order parameter area per lipid hydration. Consequently, when the hydration of lipids or the mean area per lipid are stable we can ensure that the lipid membrane has reached the steady state. Received: 3 September 2012, Accepted: 24 October 2012; Edited by: M. C. Barbosa; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4279/PIP.040005 Cite as: R. D. Porasso, J. J. Lopez Cascales, Papers in Physics 4, 040005 (2012)
21 citations
TL;DR: Parisi et al. as discussed by the authors studied the problem of pedestrian egress under different geometries by means of two numerical models and showed that an increase in the bottleneck length increases the evacuation time by more than 20 %, for any exit position.
Abstract: In this paper, the problem of pedestrian egress under different geometries is studied by means of two numerical models. The length of the bottleneck after the exit and the distance of the exit to the lateral wall of a squared room are investigated. Both models show that an increase in the bottleneck length increases the evacuation time by more than 20 %, for any exit position. Hence, a bottleneck length tending to zero is the best choice. On the contrary, the results of moving the exit closer to the lateral wall are different in both models and, thus, its convenience cannot be stated. To unveil whether this layout modification is favorable, experimental data are required. Moreover, the discrepancy between models indicates that they should be validated considering several scenarios. Received: 25 August 2016, Accepted: 3 January 2017; Edited by: G. C. Barker; Reviewed by: A. Seyfried, Institute for Advanced Simulation Julich Supercomputing Centre, Germany; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4279/PIP.090001 Cite as: D R Parisi, G A Patterson, Papers in Physics 9, 090001 (2017) This paper, by D R Parisi, G A Patterson , is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 .
21 citations