Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnetrznej-polish Archives of Internal Medicine 

About: Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnetrznej-polish Archives of Internal Medicine is an academic journal published by Medycyna Praktyczna. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Medicine & Internal medicine. It has an ISSN identifier of 0032-3772. It is also open access. Over the lifetime, 3077 publications have been published receiving 19146 citations. The journal is also known as: Polish Archives of Internal Medicine & Archives Polonaises de Médecine Interne.

Health care workers as second victims of medical errors.

Abstract: IntroductIon “Second victims” are health care providers who are involved with patient adverse events and who subsequently have difficulty coping with their emotions. Growing attention is being paid to making system improvements to create safer health care and to the appropriate handling of patients and families harmed during the provision of medical care. In contrast, there has been little attention to helping health care workers cope with adverse events. objEctIvEs The aim of the study was to emphasize the importance of support structures for second victims in the handling of patient adverse events and in building a culture of safety within hospitals. MEthods A survey was administered to health care workers who participated in a patient safety meeting. The total number of registered participants was 350 individuals from various professions and different institutions within Johns Hopkins Medicine. The first part of the survey was paper‑based and the second was administered online. rEsuL ts The survey results reflected a need in “second victim” support strategies within health care organizations. Overall, informal emotional support and peer support were among the most requested and most useful strategies. concLusIons When there is a serious patient adverse event, there are always second victims who are health care workers. The Johns Hopkins Hospital has established a “Second Victims” Work Group that will develop support strategies, particularly a peer‑support program, for health care professionals within the system.

Role of microRNAs in endothelial cell pathophysiology.

Abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of small, noncoding RNAs that repress gene expression at the post‑ ‑transcriptional level. Over 700 miRNAs have been identified in the human genome, of which 20% to 30% regulate human protein‑coding genes. Functional in vitro studies have shown that miRNAs are critical for endothelial cell gene expression and function. miRNAs were found in atherosclerosis, cardiac hyper‑ trophy, arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease, diabetes, and inflammatory diseases. We review the current knowledge about the role of miRNAs in endothelial cells with emphasis on the regulation of cellular senescence, angiogenesis, and vascular inflammation. It has been shown that miR‑34a, miR‑217, miR‑200, miR‑146c, and miR‑181a are responsible for the regulation of cell stress and proliferation processes. Proangiogenic factors include miR‑130a, miR‑210, miR‑424, miR‑17‑92, miR‑27‑b, let‑7f, and miR‑217, while miR‑221 and miR‑222 have antiangiogenic properties. Other known miRNAs, including miR‑31, miR17‑3p, miR‑155, miR‑221, miR‑222, and miR‑126, are important factors in the regulation of vascular inflammation. Studies show that miRNA expression analysis can be used in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases; however, additional research is needed before it is used in routine clinical setting.

Reduced intake of dietary antioxidants can impair antioxidant status in type 2 diabetes patients.

Abstract: Introduction Oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate associations between dietary intake of antioxidants and antioxidant status in patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients and methods In 80 patients with type 2 diabetes and 37 controls, total antioxidant status (TAS), activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and 4‑hydroxyalkenals (4‑HAE) were measured. The 24‑hour food recall method and our own dietary database were used to calculate dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC), polyphenol content (DTPC), and flavonoid content (DTFC). Dietary antioxidant vitamins were calculated using national food composition databases. Results Serum TAS was 1.57 mmol/l in controls, 1.41 mmol/l in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, and 1.23 mmol/l in patients with long-standing type 2 diabetes. Serum MDA and 4‑HAE levels were 0.78 μmol/l in controls, 1.45 μmol/l in newly diagnosed diabetes, and 1.74 μmol/l in long-standing diabetes. GPx and SOD activities were 42.6 and 1340 units/g hemoglobin (Hb), respectively, in controls, 47.3 and 2373 units/g Hb in long-standing diabetes, and 58.2 and 3093 units/g Hb in newly diagnosed diabetes. DTAC, DTPC, DTFC, and vitamin C content were 5697 μmol Trolox equivalents (TE), 1031 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE), 223 mg quercetine equivalents (QE), and 82 mg, respectively, in control diet. In patients with long-standing diabetes, the values were 4271 μmol TE, 822 mg GAE, 173 mg QE, and 63 mg, respectively, and in those with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, they were 4545 μmol TE, 839 mg GAE, 180 mg QE, and 65 mg, respectively. Conclusions The diet of type 2 diabetes patients is poor in antioxidants despite increased demand.