Showing papers in "Проблемы стоматологии in 2022"
TL;DR: In children with remaining postoperative defects with severe congenital cleft palate, the level of hygiene is more often characterized as "poor" and "unsatisfactory" than in healthy children; the highest incidence of periodontal diseases in childhood was revealed.
Abstract: The article is devoted to the study of the state of periodontal tissues in children with congenital cleft palate and defects remaining after uranoplasty.
Objectives. To determine the characteristics of the state of periodontal tissues in children with defects remaining after uranoplasty in congenital cleft palate and to compare the obtained clinical data with a group of apparently healthy children.
Methodology. The article presents the results of a clinical dental examination of 109 children aged 6-12 years with congenital cleft palate after uranoplasty and residual defects. In the examined children, the hygienic state of the oral cavity was assessed, the severity of gingivitis and the condition of the periodontal tissues were determined. The hygienic state of the oral cavity was assessed by the Fedorov-Volodkina index (1964), the Green-Vermillion IGR-U (C. Green, JR Vermillion, OHI-S), the periodontal condition using the complex periodontal index KPI (Leus P.A., 1988) and papillary-marginal-alveolar index (PMA, C. Parma, 1960).
Results. In children with remaining postoperative defects with severe congenital cleft palate, the level of hygiene is more often characterized as "poor" and "unsatisfactory" than in healthy children; the highest incidence of periodontal diseases in childhood was revealed. In most cases, children with postoperative palate defects were found to have mild and moderate severity of gingivitis according to the PMA index.
Conclusions. The results of the study made it possible to obtain clinical and dental data on periodontal diseases in children with congenital cleft palate and defects remaining after uranoplasty. To prepare a patient for a reconstructive plastic surgery to eliminate the remaining palate defect, it is necessary to introduce a set of measures to treat periodontal diseases and improve the health of the oral cavity into the rehabilitation algorithm for children with congenital cleft palate.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors present the results of mathematical modeling of the stress-strain state of the finite element analysis of the justification for the use of Humana Dental implants with an innovative surface microstructure and thread design parameters during dental implantation.
Abstract: This article presents the results of mathematical modeling of the stress-strain state of the finite element analysis of the justification for the use of Humana Dental implants with an innovative surface microstructure and thread design parameters during dental implantation. As a result of the study, after placing the implants in the created three-dimensional model, consisting of trabecular and cortical bones, it was revealed that the angle of implant placement significantly affects the distribution of stress in the bone. The rough, well-structured surface improves the contact of the implant with the bone. The stress distribution on dental implants with different geometry and thread design was revealed, and the most effective thread parameters for uniform load distribution were determined.
Aim. Substantiation of the use of Humana Dental implants with innovative macro-microstructure of the surface and thread design parameters during dental implantation in various clinical situations.
Material and methods. Samples of BioSink and Vega implants from Humana Dental were studied to assess the stress distribution by mathematical modeling of the stress-strain state in the cortical and spongy bone surrounding two models of implants with a diameter of 4.2 mm and a length of 11.5 mm, as well as with a different thread shape design. The implants were installed in the created three-dimensional model strictly vertically and at an angle of 30°. Geometric models were built in CAD Catia V5, the calculation was carried out in the software package Ansys R19.2.
Resalts. As a result of the study, it was revealed that in all cases the maximum concentration of stresses falls on the cortical layer of bone near contact with the implant, and in the spongy bone with vertical installation, maximum stresses in all cases are reached near the lower part of the implant. The peak voltage in the cortical bone was highest in the threaded part of the implants. When changing the angle of installation of the implant, the maximum voltages can increase many times, but when changing the thread pitch, only small fluctuations in voltages are noted, which do not fit into any trend. In the peri-implant region, the cortical bone showed a higher concentration of tension than the spongy bone.
Conclusions. The use of finite element analysis made it possible to identify the stress distribution on dental implants with different thread geometries and designs and to determine the most effective thread parameters for uniform load distribution.
2 citations
TL;DR: The study of changes in physicochemical properties of mixed saliva in young people, volunteers of the two groups, subjected to liquid oral hygiene products, mouthwashes, during three weeks showed the following results: the treatment and prophylactic oral rinse promotes more adequate maintenance of the acid-base balance in the oral cavity, pH change of Mixed saliva toward the alkaline and maintenance ofThe normal level of buffer capacity which reduces the risk of dental caries.
Abstract: Subject. Physicochemical properties of mouthwashes developed and produced by Svoboda Company for everyday use and oral hygiene maintenance.
Objectives. To study dynamics of qualitative and quantitative physicochemical and organoleptic properties of mixed saliva in young people subjected to using hygiene and prophylactic domestic mouthwashes.
Methodology. The study was carried out by Department of Therapeutic Dentistry and Propaedeutics of Dental Disease, by Department of General Chemistry of Ural State Medical University and by Department of Control Systems Modeling of Ural Federal University. The study involved 40 patients from dental student volunteers (male – 15, female – 25), the average age of volunteers was 18.50 ± 1.6 years. The patients were divided into two groups each containing 20 persons. Mouthwash 1 was a common hygiene oral rinse. Mouthwash 2 was a treatment and prophylactic oral rinse, all participants used the mouthwashes during 3 weeks.
Results. The use of the reported mouthwashes contributes to increase in cleansing properties of saliva in both groups of subjects. During mouth rinse treatment, the surface tension of saliva increases. The surface tension of mixed saliva is increased by 28.9% (p ≤ 0.05) with Mouthwash 1 and by 9.5 % (p ≤ 0.05) with Mouthwash 2. The surface tension of mixed saliva of subjects of the second group becomes slightly above normal (40-60 erg/cm2; p ≤ 0.05).
Conclusion. The study of changes in physicochemical properties of mixed saliva in young people, volunteers of the two groups, subjected to liquid oral hygiene products, mouthwashes, during three weeks showed the following results: the treatment and prophylactic oral rinse (Mouthwash 2 with titanium glycerosolvate aquacomplex and sodium hyaluronate) promotes more adequate maintenance of the acid-base balance in the oral cavity, pH change of mixed saliva toward the alkaline and maintenance of the normal level (p ≤ 0.05) of buffer capacity which reduces the risk of dental caries.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors evaluated the correlation between the psycho-emotional state and the pain factor in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and found that the pain had a 29% greater influence on the state of anxiety than on the depression factor.
Abstract: Objectives. To evaluate the correlation between the psycho-emotional state and the pain factor in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP).
Methodology. Patients (n = 287) with various verified clinical forms of OLP of the oral mucosa (OM) and patients of the control group (without OLP) (n = 32), matched by gender and age, were studied. The levels of anxiety and depression were studied according to the Beck method, the intensity of pain sensations on a visual analog scale using author's computer programs.
Results. In the structure of the examined patients with OLP, the following clinical forms prevailed: typical form was 39.7% (n = 114), erosive-ulcerative – 31.0% (n = 89), exudative-hyperemic – 21.9% (n = 63 ), other forms – 7.4%, (n = 21).
Analysis of the correlation between pain and anxiety (BAI) and depression (BDI) revealed positive mean correlations: r = 0.5627 (95% CI 0.4754–0.6390) and r = 0.4349 (95% CI 0, 3330–0.5268), at p < 0.0001, respectively. It is worth noting that the pain factor had a 29% greater influence on the state of anxiety than on the depression factor.
Conclusion. In the complex therapy of OLP, it is necessary to take into account the psychological profile of patients, pain, understanding that these factors can be either initiating or supporting the pathological state. In view of this, the issue of an interdisciplinary approach and general planning of therapy with the involvement of specialized specialists is especially acute. The applied author's programs have shown convenience for both doctors and patients.
2 citations
TL;DR: The available evidence suggests that the oral cavity may be an active focus of infection and an important reservoir of SARS-CoV-2.
Abstract: To date, there is a limited amount of literature that describes the features of the microbial composition of plaque in patients with a confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, this topic is relevant today. Thus, the purpose of this study was to study the characteristics of the microbial composition of dental plaque in patients with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 of mild to moderate severity, with the presence of concomitant oral coinfection or its absence.
Knowledge of the features of the microbial composition of dental plaque in patients with Sars-CoV-2, as well as timely treatment of inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity will constitute an important stage in the algorithm of specialized therapy.
The work carried out a comprehensive assessment of the features of the microbial composition of dental plaque in patients with a confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. The conclusions are based on the results of a clinical study, which compared the characteristics of the microbial composition of dental plaque in 90 patients aged 20 to 65 years with mild to moderate Sars-CoV-2 with oral coinfection and 15 aged 20 to 65 years with mild to moderate Sars-CoV-2 with no coinfection.
Results. In the course of the study, the following results were obtained. Patients with + coinfection had a severe course of the disease, transfer to the NIVL was more often required; the duration of hospitalization increased; longer treatment and long-term rehabilitation was required, aimed at normalizing indicators and normalizing the microflora. Based on this, it can be assumed that the presence of oral coinfection affects the severity of the condition and the course of Sars-CoV-2. This means that the risk of coinfection, secondary infection should be taken into account.
And, finally, knowledge of the mechanisms of interaction of viruses, fungi and bacteria gives hope for the creation of drugs that will effectively resist even such combined attacks.
Conclusions. The available evidence suggests that the oral cavity may be an active focus of infection and an important reservoir of SARS-CoV-2.
2 citations
TL;DR: By knowing the cell and molecular structure of bone tissue and mechanisms of bone remodeling a dental practitioner can arrange a personalized follow-up strategy for patients in the risk group for the above two diseases timely engaging general practitioners in interdisciplinary and complex therapy of patients with periodontal pathology.
Abstract: Subject. Parallels in the pathogenesis of two severe diseases of the modern era, osteoporosis and periodontitis.
Objectives. To review domestic and international research on pathogenetic relationship between osteoporosis and periodontal pathology.
Methodology. In topic generalization, the review of publications (since 2016) available on PubMed, eLIBRARY, Web of Science, Scopus by keywords is made.
Conclusion. Research studies have shown that bone tissue in the orofacial region, though lesser than bones of axial skeleton, tends to develop osteoporosis. That is why patients with osteoporosis are recommended regular periodontal maintenance visits, especially when periodontal disease is diagnosed at the appointment or during the complex rehabilitation program for patients in osteoplastic and maxillofacial reconstructive surgery. Future controlled longitudinal studies may be useful in research of this relationship based on the features of osteogenesis in the both diseases. This literature review helps to develop modern views of pathogenetic relationship between osteoporosis and periodontitis, evaluate general risk factors, promote understanding of tools in the diagnostic process and interpretation of results. Moreover, with the help of this paper by knowing the cell and molecular structure of bone tissue and mechanisms of bone remodeling a dental practitioner can arrange a personalized follow-up strategy for patients in the risk group for the above two diseases timely engaging general practitioners in interdisciplinary and complex therapy of patients with periodontal pathology.
1 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the functional state of the micro-circulatory channel system in the periodontal tissues of the young patients with different types of smoking was studied in the state of physiological rest, immediately after smoking, in 15 minutes, in 30 minutes and in 60 minutes.
Abstract: Subject. Tobacco smoking is one of the risk factors of periodontal disease development; therefore, special attention should be paid to this group of patients in periodontal treatment management. Any pathological process in periodontium is directly or indirectly connected with microcirculatory disturbances. Therefore, the correction of these disturbances will promote the normalization of the periodontal morphofunctional status.
Objectives. To study functional state of the microcirculatory channel system in the periodontal tissues of the young patients with different types of smoking.
Matodology. Clinical examination of 240 patients was carried out with subsequent division into subgroups depending on the smoking type: smoking cigarettes, electronic cigarettes with liquids, tobacco heating systems and hookah with further division into subgroups depending on the smoking experience: up to 1 year, from 1 to 5 years, more than 5 years. Subsequently indices were determined: simplified index of oral hygiene according to Green–Vermillion (OHI-s, 1964), papillary-marginal-alveolar index (PMA modified by Parma, 1960), bleeding index SBI (Muehlemann modified by Cowell, 1975). For objective assessment of microcirculation in periodontal tissues we used high-frequency ultrasonic Dopplerography device "Minimax-Doppler-K" (LLC "SP-Minimax", St. Petersburg) with subsequent determination of average linear blood flow rate (Vas) and Gosling (PI) and Purcelo (RI) indices. Microcirculatory channel dynamics in periodontal tissues of the studied groups was studied in the state of physiological rest, immediately after smoking, in 15 minutes, in 30 minutes and in 60 minutes.
Results. On the basis of the carried out research the distinctive indices of microcirculation in the periodontal tissues before and after different kinds of smoking as well as the functional state of the vascular architectonics were determined.
Conclusions. The given research allows to understand at which types of smoking the smallest and the largest changes of microcirculation in periodontal tissues are observed and that also should be taken into account in daily clinical practice when seeing young periodontal patients who smoke.
1 citations
TL;DR: Two predictive algorithms for consumer actions are presented that correspond to the patient's real intellectual and volitional representations and the view of doctors, which does not match them, which are presented in the course of direct negotiations with the patient.
Abstract: Subject. Settlement of disputes between consumers and providers of dental services related to their inadequate quality is a complex multifactorial problem. The successful solution of this problem can be helped by a predictive algorithm of consumer actions, built taking into account three important factors: 1) the time for making a decision about the nature of consumer actions; 2) the leading motive of the consumer when he decides on the nature of his actions; 3) the most likely options for the consumer to protect their rights in a dispute related to the improper provision of dental services.
Goal. Formulation of proposals for the effective settlement of disputes between medical organizations and citizens based on a predictive algorithm for consumer actions in case of improper provision of dental services.
Methodology. The actions of patients in resolving a dispute related to the improper provision of dental services were studied; the methods of questioning, variational statistics are applied in the work.
Results. A statistically significant difference was found in the responses of patients and dentists about the factors in the settling of disputes associated with the improper provision of dental services. In this regard, two predictive algorithms for consumer actions are presented. The first corresponds to the patient's real intellectual and volitional representations. The second reflects the view of doctors, which does not match them.
Findings. Dentists should strive to effectively resolve the dispute related to the improper provision of services within 2–3 days (during the balance of the patient's emotional and rational moments of consciousness). The leading motive of the consumer is to receive compensation for the harm caused to health and compensation for moral damage, therefore, in order to effectively resolve the dispute, it is important to focus on agreeing on an adequate amount of the corresponding compensation. Doctors in the course of direct negotiations with the patient should ensure accessibility to any format of communication, including the use of modern information and communication technologies.
1 citations
TL;DR: Elderly patients with dystrophic syndrome showed the greatest polymorphism of clinical manifestations associated with a new coronavirus infection, and analysis of the integral indices of the buccal cytogram showed signs of accumulation of cytogenetic disorders after the infection.
Abstract: Subject. Clinical and cytological manifestations of a new coronavirus infection in the oral cavity.
Objectives. Identification, description and systematization of the main clinical and laboratory manifestations of a new coronavirus infection in the oral cavity in older patients.
Methodology. The clinical study involved 50 elderly (60–74 years old) and senile (75–90 years old) patients who visited a dentist after an infection from September 2020 to February 2022. Study group 1 included patients with dystrophic syndrome, study group 2 – with inflammatory periodontal syndrome, study group 3 – with occlusive syndrome. Patients underwent dental and general clinical examination. The cytological study included an assessment of the cytoplasmic and karyological abnormalities level, calculating the integral indices of the buccal cytogram.
Results. Most often, dental manifestations of a new coronavirus infection occur in older patients. All manifestations in the oral cavity are nonspecific, and the pathognomonic syndrome has not been established. The most common clinical manifestations are candidiasis, exacerbation of chronic periodontitis, exacerbation of herpes infection, etc. The cytological changes in the buccal epithelium reflect a general trend towards an increase in degenerative-dystrophic changes in cells, the predominance of apoptosis processes.
Conclusion. Patients with dystrophic syndrome showed the greatest polymorphism of clinical manifestations associated with a new coronavirus infection (candidiasis in 59%, exacerbation of herpes infection in 47% of patients). In patients with inflammatory periodontal syndrome, exacerbation of chronic periodontitis was noted in 100% of cases. In patients with occlusive syndrome, there is an aggravation of the teeth hyperesthesia. Analysis of the integral indices of the buccal cytogram showed signs of accumulation of cytogenetic disorders after the infection.
1 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the condition of the gums, the mucous membrane under the prosthesis, and the general characteristics of the prosthetic membrane were evaluated according to the Supple classification.
Abstract: Chronic diseases of the oral mucosa are difficult for a dentist to diagnose and treat. The recurrent course of chronic diseases of the oral mucosa leads to the fact that patients are left without orthopedic dental care for a long time. Recent studies have shown that orthopedic treatment of patients with chronic diseases of the oral mucosa is not only possible, but also necessary. If a pathology of the oral mucosa is detected during orthopedic treatment, it is necessary to conduct a complete examination of the patient, obtain advice from specialist doctors: a dental surgeon, dermatologist, endocrinologist, infectious disease specialist, etc., and draw up a joint treatment plan. Under our supervision were 69 patients, of both sexes, aged 58 to 78 years, during the examination of which special attention was paid to the study of the oral mucosa. Particular attention was paid to the study of the oral mucosa, especially changes in the background of chronic diseases of the oral mucosa. During her examination, the color was noted (taking into account the patient's age and profession), the degree of moisture, swelling, the presence of pathological formations, their shape, size, quantity, localization, location of elements on the changed or normal color of the mucosa. The condition of the gums, the mucous membrane under the prosthesis was taken into account. Palpation determined the density of soft tissues, the sensitivity of pathological changes in the mucous membrane to pressure and friction, the presence of pain points. The general characteristics of the mucous membrane of the prosthetic bed were evaluated according to the Supple classification. After applying the prosthesis, the state of the mucous membrane of the prosthetic bed was assessed in dynamics: on the first, third, seventh and 21st day after prosthetics. Cytological and bacteriological studies were carried out. It was revealed that the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and leukocyte formula, blood test for vitamin D content, the content of immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, were changed compared to the norm.
Prosthetics with removable orthopedic structures are started after a comprehensive examination of patients with an absolute absence of contraindications during the period of remission of chronic diseases of the oral mucosa or during the treatment of the underlying somatic disease.
1 citations
TL;DR: This study showed the dependence of the causes, frequency, and structure on pandemic periods, and the age structure of patients changed in some periods of the pandemic, and no dependence of medical encounters on gender composition and comorbidities was observed.
Abstract: Subject. The imposed restrictions on doctor visits caused by the pandemic Covid-19 and the severe course of the new coronavirus infection have changed the structure of dental care encounters.
Objective of the study is to conduct a structural and quantitative analysis of dental care encounters of patients with the previous new coronavirus infection Covid-19.
Methodology. A clinical and statistical patient chart was developed for this study. The initial encounters were analyzed in the period from March 2020 to December 2021. We have studied the frequency and structure of dental disease causes in patients who had recovered from the new coronavirus infection Covid-19 depending on the peaks of the Covid-19 incidence. In addition, the age and sex structure, the presence of concomitant diseases, and indicators of the oral cavity state were studied in the main group of patients: the decay-missing-filled index, mouth hygiene index, lesions of the oral mucosa, and regional lymph nodes reaction. The obtained data were processed with the statistical program Statistica 6.0, and differences in subgroups were analyzed according to the Student's t-test: the critical significance level was taken at p ≤ 0.05 when testing statistical hypotheses.
Results. This study showed the dependence of the causes, frequency, and structure on pandemic periods. The predominance of the reasons for encounters changed in different periods of the pandemic. Besides, the age structure of patients changed in some periods of the pandemic. At the same time, no dependence of medical encounters on gender composition and comorbidities was observed.
Conclusion. This study showed a high level of spread of the carious process. The level of the hygiene index was initially satisfactory, but also moved towards unsatisfactory. Enlargement of lymph nodes and the spread of lesions of the oral mucosa tended to increase during 2020–2021.
TL;DR: The use of overlapping dentures based on dental implants and restoration of the roots of the teeth in the patients of the control group to support the overdentures made it possible to achieve optimal results.
Abstract: Subject. The article provides an analysis of the indicators of life quality of patients after prosthetic treatment. The study included patients with overlapping prostheses based on dental implants and tooth roots. Patients were divided into main and control groups.
Aim – to analyze the quality of life of patients after prosthetic treatment using overlapping prostheses.
Methodology. We conducted prosthetic treatment of 45 patients among them, 19 men and 26 women, aged from 45 to 72 years. Overlapping prostheses based on dental implants were made for patients of the main group. Overlapping prostheses based on the restored tooth roots were made for patients of the control group. We analyzed the quality of life of patients of the main and control groups after prosthetic treatment based on the results of survey. The OHIP-14 method for determining the quality of life in dental patients was used.
Results. After prosthetic treatment of patients of the main group using overlapping dentures based on dental implants, the results of study of life quality were 17.1 ± 2.7. One month after prosthetic treatment, patients in the control group, according to the results of the questionnaire, had quality of life indicators of 18.1 ± 3.9. Orthopedic treatment of patients using overdentures is a modern and effective method. The use of dental implantation in the patients of the main group and the restoration of the roots of the teeth in the patients of the control group to support the overdentures made it possible to achieve optimal results.
Conclusions. The use of overlapping dentures based on dental implants and restored tooth roots improves the quality of life of patients.
TL;DR: The use of AI technologies in the analysis of CBCT images can improve the accuracy of diagnosing caries and its complications by up to 98%, as well as significantly speed up the time for making a diagnostic decision.
Abstract: Over the past few years, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have been actively used in many areas of medicine, including dentistry.
The aim of the study is to determine the diagnostic value of IS in the detection of caries and its complications according to cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data in comparison with clinical examination.
Materials and methods. CBCT images of 15 patients with carious and periodontal lesions were analyzed by an experienced dentist, who also specializes in radiology, and the Diagnocat AI software. The dentist also performed a visual examination of these patients.
Results. Most of all contact caries were determined using AI (n = 20), and occlusal caries − during clinical examination (n = 10). The greatest number of periapical changes was also detected using IS (n = 22). The difference between the indicators of detection of pathological foci in the assessment of IS and the radiologist was statistically insignificant, which indicates the equivalence of these methods. X-ray image evaluation revealed more contact caries compared to clinical examination (14 vs. 7, p < 0.05), but clinical examination was superior in detecting occlusal caries (10 vs. 2, p < 0.03). Periodontal disease was more accurately diagnosed by X-ray (17 vs. 9, p < 0.05). The average time for evaluation of CBCT images by a radiologist was 21.54 ± 4.4 minutes, and the AI completed the report in 4.6 ± 4.4 minutes from the moment the loading of CBCT was completed (p < 0.01).
Conclusion. The use of AI technologies in the analysis of CBCT images can improve the accuracy of diagnosing caries and its complications by up to 98%, as well as significantly speed up the time for making a diagnostic decision.
TL;DR: The results are based on the results of a clinical study that compared the effectiveness of the use of therapeutic and prophylactic agents in patients with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2, with or without concomitant oral co-infection.
Abstract: To date, there is a limited amount of literature that describes the use of oral therapeutic and prophylactic drugs in patients with a confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, this topic is relevant. Thus, the purpose of this study was to study the effectiveness of the use of therapeutic and prophylactic agents in patients with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2, with or without concomitant oral co-infection.
The data of the conducted study will constitute an important stage in the algorithm of specialized therapy.
Materials and methods. A comparative analysis of the use of therapeutic and prophylactic agents for the oral cavity in patients with a confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 was carried out. The conclusions are based on the results of a clinical study that compared the effectiveness of the use of therapeutic and prophylactic agents in 90 patients aged 20 to 87 years with mild to moderate Sars-CoV-2 with oral co-infection and 15 patients aged from 20 to 87 years of age with mild to moderate Sars-CoV-2 without coinfection.
Results. During the study, the following results were obtained. The most effective drug was a solution of aqueous chlorhexidine 0.5%, but there was a side effect in the form of xerostomia. The Miramistin solution also had high efficiency, and the lowest efficiency was observed when using the Rotokan solution.
Conclusions. The data of the conducted study will constitute an important stage in the algorithm of specialized therapy.
TL;DR: It was in this age group of patients that the duration of dentition defects increased, according to Kennedy classification, which required more frequent use of removable Orthopedic structures as dental orthopedic rehabilitation.
Abstract: Long-living persons of our country are people who lived past 90 years of age. Their childhood, adolescence and youth passed during the years of the Second World War and the period of the country's reconstruction after it. The main task in providing qualified dental orthopedic care to patients of this age group should be ensuring an acceptable quality of life associated with dental health through making dental prosthetic structures that meet high functional and aesthetic requirements.
The need for a deep comprehensive study of dental orthopedic morbidity, methods of dental orthopedic rehabilitation and improving the life quality of patients belonging to this age group determined the relevance and purpose of this study.
Research material and methods. The object of the study was long-living persons, aged 90 years old and older, who sought dental orthopedic care in municipal healthcare institutions of Cheboksary, the Chuvash Republic. The sample size was 111 people.
Results. It was found that the maximum number of patients in the age group of 90 years and older – 64 people (57.7%) – had completely absent teeth. The analysis of dentition defects by Kennedy classification showed that the maximum number of patients – 19 persons (17.1%) – had bounded edentuous spaces in the lateral parts of their dentition, a smaller number – 16 persons (14.4%) – had unilateral free-end saddle, 10 persons (9.0%) had bilateral free-end saddle and the minimum number of patients – 2 persons (1.8%) – had defects in the anterior part of the dentition. The analysis of dental prosthetic structures mounted in patients of "Centenarians" age showed that the volume of pin structures was 28.4%; artificial crowns – 36.0%; bridge prostheses – 11.6%; removable plate prostheses in partial loss of teeth – 8.0%; clasp prostheses – 2.5%; removable plate prostheses in complete loss of teeth – 13.5%.
Conclusions. Patients-long-living persons made up the smallest group. The study of their dental orthopedic morbidity showed that completely absent dentition was most often diagnosed. It was in this age group of patients that the duration of dentition defects increased, according to Kennedy classification, which required more frequent use of removable orthopedic structures as dental orthopedic rehabilitation.
TL;DR: The study found that, depending on the initial clinical situation, the state of different groups of patients immediately before surgery differs, and shows that the treatment has a positive effect on the quality of life of patients in both groups.
Abstract: The lack of viability of the dentition and the fear of dental treatment are one of the most important problems for the dental patient of the older age group, affecting not only the digestive system, but also the quality of life in general. Traditional methods of restoring incompetent dentition with removable dentures have not yet lost their significance, but not in all cases can achieve a satisfactory result for patients. Modern dental practice makes it possible to rehabilitate the masticatory function of patients through fixed prosthetics in the shortest possible time. This study is devoted to the study of the impact of dental treatment on the psychophysiological status and quality of life of patients with total dental rehabilitation, depending on the initial clinical situations. As part of the study, 2 clinical groups of patients were formed: patients with complete edentulism using removable dentures for a long time and patients whose teeth cannot be preserved. To assess the psychophysiological state of the patient before surgery, the Spielberg-Khanin test of personal anxiety was used. In order to dynamically assess the impact of the state of the dentition on the quality of life of the patient, the OHIP-14 questionnaire was used. The study found that, depending on the initial clinical situation, the state of different groups of patients immediately before surgery differs. The group of patients whose teeth can,t be saved feel much more anxiety. Dynamic assessment of the quality of life of patients shows that the treatment has a positive effect on the quality of life of patients in both groups.
TL;DR: A form of informed voluntary consent for types of dental interventions for patients receiving antiresorptive therapy for patients who have indicated a history of taking bisphosphonates and (or) denosumab has been developed.
Abstract: Subject. The number of patients taking antiresorptive drugs (bisphosphonates and denosumab) is steadily increasing. The need of this group of patients for dental care continues to be high. In this regard, the prevalence of complications of antiresorptive therapy – drug osteonecrosis of the jaws – tends to increase. Therefore, the problem of awareness of doctors and patients on the assessment of the risk of drug osteonecrosis of the jaws and its prevention is of high relevance.
The aim of the study is to develop a form of informed voluntary consent for types of dental interventions for patients receiving antiresorptive therapy.
Methodology. The analysis of regulatory documents on the procedure for obtaining informed voluntary consent in the Russian Federation, as well as positional documents of the leading communities of maxillofacial surgeons on medicinal osteonecrosis of the jaws (USA, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Austria) was carried out.
Results. On the basis of Appendix No. 2 of the Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated November 12, 2021 N 1051n, in accordance with Article 20 of Federal Law No. 323-FZ dated 11/21/2011, a form of informed voluntary consent for types of dental interventions for patients who have indicated a history of taking bisphosphonates and (or) denosumab has been developed. The form contains an explanation of the causal relationship between taking antiresorptive drugs and the onset of medicinal osteonecrosis of the jaws, a description of dental manipulations in terms of the risks of this complication, as well as ways to prevent the disease.
Conclusions. The presented form of informed voluntary consent to the types of dental interventions for patients receiving antiresorptive therapy is submitted for discussion by the medical community. Openness and completeness of information, as well as cooperation and sharing of responsibility between the patient and the doctor will lead to positive changes in the problem of prevention of medicinal osteonecrosis of the jaws.
TL;DR: A literature review was conducted on the most complex and poorly studied section of therapeutic dentistry as mentioned in this paper , where the role of risk factors in the development of pathological processes on the mucous membrane of the mouth is described.
Abstract: Subject. A literature review was conducted on the most complex and poorly studied section of therapeutic dentistry – diseases of the oral mucosa.
The object – literature search and analysis of current data on the study of risk factors affecting the development and aggravation of pathological conditions on the oral mucosa.
Methodology. Scientific publications using library databases have been studied: Elibrary, PubMed, Google Scholar. The analysis of the information was carried out on 48 sources.
Results. The role of risk factors in the development of pathological processes on the mucous membrane of the mouth is described. The influence of socio-behavioral determinants, such as smoking and alcohol consumption, on the occurrence of pathological, in particular, precancerous conditions in the oral cavity is indicated. Particular attention is paid to the traumatic component, among which injuries with dentures come to the fore, in the development of lesions on the oral mucosa. The significance of comorbid pathology in the occurrence of oral diseases is reflected. It was noted that among the leading positions in the development of dermatoses on the mucous membrane of the mouth are occupied by neurogenic conditions. Changes on the mucous membrane of the mouth in patients with vitamin-mineral imbalances in the body are illuminated. The relationship between the appearance of lesions on the oral mucosa and the environmental characteristics of the area of residence has been demonstrated.
Conclusions. The importance of investigating oral mucosal diseases in a particular region is emphasized in relation to the influence of certain risk factors in order to develop and improve preventive programs for the preservation of dental health.
TL;DR: In this paper , the analysis of publications from the databases PubMed, Google Scholar, eLibrary and Cyberleninka describing the toxicological properties and clinical manifestations of synthetic narcotic substances is carried out.
Abstract: The subject. Clinical manifestations of dependence on synthetic narcotic substances have been thoroughly studied by specialists in the field of psychiatry, narcology, therapy, immunology at the tissue, organ and system levels. Unfortunately, the same cannot be said about dentistry. When receiving a drug-dependent patient, most dentists cannot determine drug addiction and, accordingly, competently draw up a treatment plan for such patients.
Objectives. To study the features of the management of dental diseases in patients taking synthetic narcotic substances, according to the literature.
Methodology. Within the framework of this article, the analysis of publications from the databases PubMed, Google Scholar, eLibrary and Cyberleninka describing the toxicological properties and clinical manifestations of synthetic narcotic substances is carried out. The search included full-text articles for the last 5 years. Informational letters were excluded from the analysis.
Results. The fight against the spread and use of narcotic substances throughout the world is not slowing down. However, the creation of analogues of studied and illicit drugs by correcting their chemical structures, as well as new narcotic substances with known properties, reduces the effectiveness of this struggle. The dental status of patients taking synthetic narcotic substances has been little studied, since they rarely seek dental care, arriving, as a rule, for urgent indications, or by referral from a narcological institution.
Conclusions. The analyzed literature data suggest that in patients taking synthetic "designer" substances, the most studied are the manifestations of drug addiction in terms of their effect on the central nervous system. This problem is relevant for doctors of narrow specialties, since knowing the signs of drug use, it is possible to correctly plan treatment tactics, preventing the occurrence of complications during the administration of drugs. Since the manifestations of drug addiction in dental patients are practically not described in the scientific literature, this topic requires further research.
TL;DR: In this paper , a retrospective study was conducted on the basis of the State Medical Institution with "SP No. 12" of patients who underwent implantation treatment, and patients were included in the study if they had one or more implants without clinical signs of implant mobility.
Abstract: To date, implantation has become quite a massive operation in public institutions. In the last 10 years, the number of complications at the surgical stage of implantation has decreased to a minimum. Numerous experimental and clinical studies prove the success of osseointegration of implants, but nevertheless the possible negative consequences of such operations persist. The increasingly frequent use of titanium supports leads to the emergence of clinical situations related to both the characteristics of the human body and the individual characteristics of a specialist doctor. It is also necessary to take into account the psychological characteristics of the patient's behavior in the treatment of such complications.
Subject. Professional and psychological capabilities of a doctor to work effectively in a situation of uncertain outcome of a surgical operation.
The relevance of this study is due to the need to prevent complications of implantation surgery in the professional activity of a dentist-surgeon. The need for this study was also dictated by the needs of patients using implantological systems in maintaining the quality of life.
The aim is to study the preservation of the implant in the event of apical peri-implantitis.
Methodology. A retrospective study was conducted on the basis of the State Medical Institution with "SP No. 12" of patients who underwent implantation treatment. Patients were included in the study if they had one or more implants without clinical signs of implant mobility.
Results. The patient was treated with surgical tactics to remove the formation in the area of the apical part of the implant; antibacterial therapy; mechanical curettage; chemical decontamination and the imposition of an allogeneic graft.
Conclusions. Retrograde (apical) reimplantitis was successfully cured by surgical curettage and the use of bone substitutes, and all implants are still in place after an average follow-up period of 1.44 years.
TL;DR: In this article , the influence of high-speed firing protocols on important material´s characteristic, such as three-point bend flexural strength and color parameters at ten different heating modes, differing by heating rates, final temperature and holding time during high speed heat treatment of ceramic material.
Abstract: Zirconia dentures are gradually becoming a widespread type of dental prosthetics. The production of zirconia blanks for dentistry has been launched in our country. In recent years, the possibility of high-speed sintering of zirconia dentures has been well studied, which makes it possible to reduce the manufacturing process of dental restorations by four to five times. Zirconia ceramics compositions and high-speed sintering furnaces are being improved, sintering protocols are being optimized. In this paper, we reported about the influence of high-speed firing protocols on important material`s characteristic, such as three-point bend flexural strength and color parameters at ten different heating modes, differing by heating rates, final temperature and holding time during high-speed heat treatment of ceramic material. Accord-ing to the results of bending strength tests, samples obtained with a total time of high-speed firing from 20 to 60 minutes have similar values, more than 300 MPa. In accordance with the ISO 6872 standard, such flexural strength is sufficient for fabrication of single crowns in both the anterior and posterior groups of teeth. A study on the laboratory spectrophotometer (Spectron M) in the CIELab system, showed a multidirectional change in color characteristics at different heating rates and sintering temperatures. An increase in the value of zirconia sam-ples from domestic blanks "Ziceram T" produced by St. Petersburg firm "Zircon Ceramics" was established with a sufficient confidence grade. The shortened firing time leads to an in-crease in the value of the samples, which associate with a lower translucency.
TL;DR: In this paper , L.M. Lomiashvili et al. proposed a method of artistic restoration of teeth based on modular technologies, which pays great attention to the restoration of the microrelief of surfaces.
Abstract: The subject of the study: teeth, crown part of the tooth.
The purpose of the study: to study the algorithm of wax modeling of the crown part of the teeth based on modular technologies.
Methodology. Wax modeling of 64 teeth by using modular technologies, maintaing photo protocol step-by-step.
The results: Modeling teeth is a creative process. More over, knowledge is needed and the ability to use the scientific approaches of the modeling process, which greatly facilitates the work of restorers, dental technicians. We have proposed the reconstruction of the integrity of the teeth based on modular technologies, where modeling can be carried out, taking into account the patterns in the formation of teeth based on a single module – canine – odontomer. Using the shape of a canine or part of its elements, as well as using various elements of its construction, various quantitative and qualitative variations in the shape of teeth are demonstrated during wax modeling.
Conclusion. Aesthetic dentistry not only offers the best technologies and materials, but also provides the opportunity to restore the anatomical forms of teeth with minimal discomfort, approaching the achievement of a perfect functional result. Developed by us, the method of artistic restoration of teeth based on modular technologies, proposed by L.M. Lomiashvili, pays great attention to the restoration of the microrelief of surfaces. Step-by-step illustrations help to get acquainted in details with the stages of modeling, the creation of overall outlines of teeth, the consistent formation of surface relief, grooves of the first, second, third orders. A systematic approach to the modeling of teeth is reflected. Step-by-step illustrations of the construction of the crown part of the teeth based on modular technologies are used in the educational process of universities and colleges, and are also being introduced into clinical dentistry, improving the quality of aesthetic and functional restoration.
TL;DR: In this paper , a clinical examination of patients with complete and partial absence of teeth, who were made prostheses from thermoplastic material, as well as the adaptation of patients who comply and do not comply with the recommendations for hygienic care to prostheses for three months, are considered.
Abstract: Subject. The results of a clinical examination of patients with complete and partial absence of teeth, who were made prostheses from thermoplastic material, as well as the adaptation of patients who comply and do not comply with the recommendations for hygienic care to prostheses for three months, are considered.
The aim is to assess the condition of thermoplastic prostheses and patient satisfaction with them after three weeks and three months of their use according to clinical examination data and using a subjective scaling test.
Methodology. Under observation were 43 patients with complete and partial absence of teeth, who were made prostheses from thermoplastic material "Belflex", produced by the Russian manufacturer "Vladmiva". A visual clinical assessment of the used prosthesis was carried out after three weeks and after 3 months in patients who fully complied with the doctor's hygienic recommendations for caring for prostheses, and for those who refused to comply with them.
Results. In the first group of patients who fully complied with the recommendations of an orthopedist, during a clinical examination, there were no violations of the integrity of the prostheses and discoloration both after 3 weeks and after 3 months. In the second group of patients, three months later, during a visual examination of the prosthesis, there were violations of the integrity, colors of the prosthesis base, numerous scratches on the surface, roughness, especially in the area of connection of artificial teeth with the prosthesis base. Changed parameters of the test of adaptation to orthopedic structures in all 20 patients.
Conclusions. The duration of their service life depends on the correct hygienic care of patients for removable orthopedic structures made of thermoplastics.
TL;DR: In this paper , a review of the literature devoted to an urgent topic in practical healthcare is presented, where the authors present a comparative analysis of data on the developed methods of creating prognostic models, in particular, for diseases of the maxillofacial region, and the possibility of their digitalization within the framework of practical health care.
Abstract: Subject. A review of the literature devoted to an urgent topic in practical healthcare – the creation of prognostic criteria for the digitalization of medical activity, including diseases of the maxillofacial region.
Methodology. The data of special literature were studied using scientific search library databases: Pub Med, Elibrary, Cochrane, Rospatent platform. Literature analysis was carried out on 31 sources.
Results. Forecasting is an important element in digital technologies. Despite the fact that forecasting is often called the preliminary part of the work, it represents a scientific prediction of the most likely changes in the state of the healthcare industry, the needs of society for medical services, the production capabilities of medicine, the directions of technical progress of the industry. The authors present a comparative analysis of data on the developed methods of creating prognostic models, in particular, for diseases of the maxillofacial region, and the possibility of their digitalization within the framework of practical health care.
Conclusions. Forecasting the activity of practical healthcare is an important element of optimizing information data, diagnostic criteria for treatment, and the choice of treatment tactics depending on the expected prognostic factors, which may affect the favorable outcome of diseases, and, accordingly, will improve the quality of treatment of patients. However, it must be borne in mind that forecasting in medical activity must necessarily be based on a scientific approach, taking into account the clinical and statistical analysis of all factors affecting the prognosis, since innovations in practical healthcare improve matters only if they appear on the soil cultivated by the efforts of science.
TL;DR: A literature review was carried out on an actual, but little studied problem of dentistry as mentioned in this paper , which revealed the problems of disorders of the temporomandibular joint, including psychophysiological status in young people, its relationship with changes in the musculoskeletal system and the influence of habitual motor activity on its functioning.
Abstract: A literature review was carried out on an actual, but little studied problem of dentistry — dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint with changes in the musculoskeletal system and an individual typological feature of habitual motor activity in young people.
Purpose of the study. Basing on a review of modern scientific literature since 2014, it is necessary to reveal the problems of disorders of the temporomandibular joint, including psychophysiological status in young people, its relationship with changes in the musculoskeletal system and the influence of habitual motor activity on its functioning.
Methodology. The data of special literature were studied using scientific search library databases: PubMed Central, Elibrary. The search for original scientific publications was carried out by keywords. This review includes an analysis of 45 scientific sources.
Results and conclusions. The literature review systematizes modern scientific data on disorders in the functioning of the temporomandibular joint from a young age, the identification of preclinical and clinical manifestations in students, the influence of stress as a trigger in the development of TMJ pathology, the determination of the habitual motor activity of students and its impact on the work of the TMJ, the influence of posture on the positioning of the articular heads, as well as, with the existing pathology of the TMJ, the effect on the musculoskeletal system, as a manifestation of the defense mechanism.
The review also presents current data on the study of temporomandibular joint dysfunction after orthodontic treatment. The review made it possible to identify a number of significant factors contributing to the development of TMJ dysfunction, to substantiate the practical significance of the problem, which is associated with the need for a thorough examination of the TMJ, starting from a young age. This will prevent the development of a complex of dental diseases, the development of pathologies from the musculoskeletal system, as well as the development of disorders in the work of adjacent areas of the head and neck, which will improve the quality of life of the individual and the population as a whole. Prospects for further research are formulated, which can be the basis for predicting the risk of developing TMJ pathology and the development of a complex of dental and diseases.
TL;DR: An increase in the apical diameter to sizes "unusual" for a dentist not only contributes to the healing of the periradicular process, but also does not weaken the root of the tooth, since the true diameter of the apicals zone is much larger than it seems at first glance.
Abstract: Subject. Chronic odontogenic maxillary sinusitis is an inflammatory disease of the mucous membrane of the maxillary sinus caused by an odontogenic infection. According to foreign sources, this disease occurs in 14-20% of the world's population. Sinusitis of odontogenic etiology account for up to 40% of all inflammatory diseases of the maxillary sinus. Biofilm, the root cause of apical periodontitis and odontogenic sinusitis, is resistant to the isolated effects of most medications. The combination of mechanical removal and irrigation in most cases leads to a sufficient reduction in microbial load. Several studies have concluded that none of the currently used root canal treatment methods and endodontic instruments can completely clean root canals, especially root canals with "irregular anatomy". When preparing the upper molars with rotary instruments, 43% ± 29% and 33% ± 19% of the walls of the mesiobuccal and distobuccal channels, respectively, remained intact.
Methodology. The article presents a case of treatment of a patient with a periapical abscess with a fistula communicating with the maxillary sinus, as well as concomitant maxillary sinusitis. Positive dynamics in the healing of the periradicular process was achieved by increasing the apical diameter of the preparation.
Result. Healing of the periradicular process, as well as inflammatory phenomena in the maxillary sinus at the time of examination after 10 months from the start of treatment.
Conclusions. Thus, an increase in the apical diameter to sizes "unusual" for a dentist (45.02, 50.02 according to ISO) not only contributes to the healing of the periradicular process, but also does not weaken the root of the tooth, since the true diameter of the apical zone is much larger than it seems at first glance.
TL;DR: In this article , a retrospective study of patients with insufficient thickness of the alveolar process who underwent implantation treatment was conducted, and patients were included in the study if they had one or more implants without clinical signs of implant mobility.
Abstract: The widespread use of dental implants for the restoration of missing teeth has expanded the possibilities of treatment for both patients and dentists. After tooth extraction, the jaw bones decrease significantly in volume over time (atrophy). During the first year, 25% of bone tissue is lost in the area of the removed tooth, and in the next 2–3 years, bone tissue is reduced by 50% of the original volume. After the implants are installed, the loss of bone tissue stops. The increasing use of implants also necessitates both new studies of implant designs, materials, and technologies for the use of dental implants. Such research has increased dramatically over the past two decades and is expected to expand. The scientific literature we have studied shows that the success of dental implants largely depends on the quality and quantity of available bone in the recipient site. However, this may be disrupted or unavailable due to bone diseases, trauma, periodontal disease, etc., which, in turn, requires additional manipulations with the bone.
Subject. Professional and psychological capabilities of a doctor to work effectively in a situation of uncertain outcome of a surgical operation.
The relevance of this study is due to the need to prevent complications of implantation surgery in the professional activity of a dentist-surgeon in conditions of insufficient thickness of the alveolar process. The need for this study was also dictated by the needs of patients using implantological systems in maintaining the quality of life.
The aim is to study the installation and preservation of the implant with insufficient thickness of the alveolar process.
Methodology. A retrospective study of patients with insufficient thickness of the alveolar process who underwent implantation treatment was conducted. Patients were included in the study if they had one or more implants without clinical signs of implant mobility.
Results. The patient was treated with surgical tactics with insufficient thickness of the alveolar process; antibacterial therapy; chemical decontamination and the imposition of an allogeneic graft.
Conclusions. Bone expansion using a piezoscalpel is a reliable and relatively safe way to expand narrow ridges. The method of expansion of the bone ridge allows to obtain the optimal thickness of the bone for implantation of the implant. The expansion of atrophic rollers with the use of piezoscalpel is a technique that does not require bone collection, reducing the time of surgery and postoperative morbidity, which leads to a reduction in the duration of rehabilitation.
TL;DR: On the modern market, there is a huge range of toothpastes with various active ingredients effecting the causes of oral diseases, but there is still no toothpaste which would be safe to accidentally swallow during long-term use, which is one of the main reasons for development of individual oral health programs for patients with aggravated somatic status, as well as for those who have neuropsychiatric disorders.
Abstract: Subject. A literature was reviewed on the relevant subject dedicated to the prevention of dental diseases – the study of the modern market of toothpastes used as the basic oral care products.
Methodology. The data of special literature were studied using scientific tracking library databases: Pub Med, Elibrary, Cochrane. Literature was analysed using 55 sources.
Results. On the modern market, there is a wide range of toothpastes with various properties due to active ingredients they are composed of. Despite the wide and varied range of these oral care products, there is no officially recognized classification of this product. The children's toothpastes should meet the following requirements: be neutral, have cleansing and polishing properties, have a good smell, flavour and appearance, cooling and disinfecting effects, be harmless and have a therapeutic and prophylactic effect. In the special literature, there are many studies on the use of toothpastes in case of high caries severity. The modern direction of therapeutic and prophylactic pastes is the inclusion of various enzymes in their composition. These components are able to increase the cleansing effect of hygiene products due to the lysis of the organic matrix of soft and hard components of plaque, bacteriostatic or indirect bactericidal effects on the biocenosis of the mouth, including the products of microorganisms.
Conclusions. On the modern market, there is a huge range of toothpastes with various active ingredients effecting the causes of oral diseases, but there is still no toothpaste which would be safe to accidentally swallow during long-term use, which is one of the main reasons for development of individual oral health programs for patients with aggravated somatic status, as well as for those who have neuropsychiatric disorders. Therefore, the question of the absolutely safe toothpastes as the basic oral care products remains open.
TL;DR: When carrying out repeated endodontic treatment, it is recommended to temporarily obturate the root canal system using the Bioimplant biomaterial with Collapan gel, which will increase not only the density of periapical tissues to normal values, but also preserve the function of the tooth, which is important for practical health care.
Abstract: Relevance. In the practice of a dentist, there are clinical situations when the chronic apical periodontitis, due to the ineffectiveness of the endodontic treatment, ends with a root apex resection, while the destruction of bone tissue in the periapical tissues remains. This paper presents cases of effective endodontic re-treatment of such teeth using biomaterials. The diagnostic value of the X-ray method was noted with an assessment of the density of the periapical tissue destruction focus using the densitometry method.
The aim of the study is to determine the effectiveness of endodontic treatment of chronic apical periodontitis using biomaterials after root apex resection.
Material and methods. The study included 42 patients aged 25–35 years with chronic apical periodontitis with root apex resection. All patients underwent clinical examination methods and an X-ray method with an assessment of the density of the periapical tissue destruction focus by densitometry.
Results and discussion. The proposed method of endodontic re-treatment included temporary obturation of the root canal system with Bioimplant with Collapan gel in a 1:1 ratio, for a period of 15 to 30 days, followed by permanent filling of the root canal system according to the generally accepted technique. After 6 months, the optical density of the periapical tissues in 27 patients was within the normal range. In 15 patients, these indicators were 82% of the norm. After 12 months, the optical density was within the normal range in 90% of cases, in 10% – the optical density parameters approached normal values and amounted to 115.0-125.0 arbitrary units.
Conclusions. When carrying out repeated endodontic treatment, it is recommended to temporarily obturate the root canal system using the Bioimplant biomaterial with Collapan gel, which will increase not only the density of periapical tissues to normal values, but also preserve the function of the tooth, which is important for practical health care.
TL;DR: After the use of dental gel Phagodent and Glycine, there was a 4-fold decrease in the possibility of recurrence of periodontal diseases, and the frequency of detection of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in the microflora of the dental sulcus decreased by 66% of the frequency.
Abstract: Dental diseases are a frequent manifestation of disorders of adaptive reactions, since the negative impact on the immune status of cadets is reflected in changes in the microflora of the oral cavity and periodontal [2, 5, 7, 9].
The goal is to improve the therapeutic and preventive measures of inflammatory periodontal diseases caused by a disorder of adaptive reactions in cadets of the departmental institute.
Matherials and methods. The group of the examined consisted of 171 people – cadets of 1–4 courses of the Ufa Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation in the Republic of Bashkortostan, aged 18–23 years. The study consisted of psychological testing, determination of the state of their vegetative reactions and cortisol content in saliva, molecular genetic determination of the composition of frequently occurring periodontopathogenic bacteria of the dentoalveolar furrow and enzyme immunoassay of the content of cytokines in the oral fluid of proinflammatory, cellular regulatory and immunosuppressive action.
Results. The antimicrobial effect of the course application of supravival applications of dental gel Phagodent, together with Glycine, is manifested by a decrease in the frequency of detection of periodontal pathogenic bacteria - Tanerella forsythia and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in persons with periodontal diseases not associated with a disorder of adaptive reactions. The use of supramural applications of dental gel is accompanied by a significant decrease in the level of IL-4, IL-12, IL-1ß, TFR-β in the oral fluid of persons with a disorder of adaptive reactions and periodontal inflammation.
Conclusion. After the use of dental gel Phagodent and Glycine, there was a 4-fold decrease in the possibility of recurrence of periodontal diseases, the frequency of detection of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in the microflora of the dental sulcus decreased by 66% of the frequency and Tannerella forsythia – by 30%, a decrease in the levels of IL-4, IL-12, IL-1ß, TFR-β in the oral fluid in the group with disorder of adaptive reactions and periodontal inflammation, as well as IL-10, TNF-α and IL-1β in the group without disorder, but with periodontal inflammation.