Showing papers in "Quarterly Journal of Speech in 1994"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine the ideological issues and practices implicated in a 1992 report on active Prolific Female Scholars in Communication and in their effort to publish a critique of this report.
Abstract: This essay, positioned at the nexus of several intellectual projects, including the rhetoric of inquiry, the ideological turn, critical rhetoric, and feminist theory, provides a case study of some of the practices in the communication discipline that support a masculinist ideology. The authors examine the ideological issues and practices implicated in a 1992 report on “Active Prolific Female Scholars in Communication” and in their effort to publish a critique of this report. The essay departs from normal conventions of academic writing, which privilege a unitary authorial voice, instead presenting the multivocality of several text fragments.
165 citations
TL;DR: The authors posits a critical approach to the study of contemporary social controversy so as to initiate inquiry into how these extended rhetorical engagements critique, resituate, and develop communication practices bridging the public and personal spheres.
Abstract: This essay posits a critical approach to the study of contemporary social controversy so as to initiate inquiry into how these extended rhetorical engagements critique, resituate, and develop communication practices bridging the public and personal spheres Objections to the use of fur are examined as oppositional argument, that is, as rhetoric that veers from the goal of persuasion in order to block conventional associations and refashion communication norms Pro‐fur responses illustrate strategies available to bolster, alter, or abandon habits of consumer culture It is concluded that the fur controversy presages the emerging shape of a contemporary public sphere
139 citations
TL;DR: The authors explored the discursive practices employed by museum guides in orally mediating the material displays in Israeli settlement museums and suggested the need to develop a more nuanced view of the relationship between "history" and "memory" as dialectically defined orientations to the past.
Abstract: Heritage museums as sites of cultural production are explored in terms of the distinction drawn by historians between “memory” and “history,” which denotes fundamentally opposed orientations towards the past. The discursive practices employed by museum guides in orally mediating the material displays in Israeli settlement museums are examined in relation to this distinction, suggesting the need to develop a more nuanced view of the relationship between “history” and “memory” as dialectically defined orientations to the past, which combine ritual enactment and critical reflection in contexts of collective remembering. Strategies identified in museum interpretation include the use of a rhetoric of factuality, the narrative appropriation of objects, and the establishment of an indexical relationship between the museum's “master‐narrative” and its localized “object stories.” Some implications are discussed for exploring culturally focal “sites of memory” as part of a critically oriented, auto‐ethnography.
105 citations
TL;DR: The role of bodily routines and practices as an essential component in the study of literacy is considered and an unusual but not unknown practice by physicians in the late ninetee is examined.
Abstract: The role of bodily routines and practices as an essential component in the study of literacy is considered. The author examines an unusual but not unknown practice by physicians in the late ninetee...
42 citations
TL;DR: This paper explored the prismatic character of the Gettysburg Address through an act of rhetorical criticism, focusing first on the form and constituents of the speech, and then on available topoi that were omitted from it.
Abstract: This essay undertakes to explore, through an act of rhetorical criticism, the prismatic character of the Gettysburg Address. Its procedure is to give attention, first, to the form and constituents of Lincoln's speech, and then to available topoi that were omitted from it.
35 citations
TL;DR: The notion of "going meta" was first introduced by as mentioned in this paper, who argued that the potential gains from going meta may be enormous, but they may also be quite risky, hence requiring a delicate sense of rhetorical balance.
Abstract: Among the most memorable encounters in recent history are those in which one political actor “went meta” to another during a high stakes, high visibility political confrontation. Maneuvers of this sort break with routines by making prior communications the subject of communication. They are thus reflexive reframings. While the potential gains from going meta may be enormous, they may also be quite risky, hence requiring a delicate sense of rhetorical balance. This essay first explicates a general conception of “going meta,” applicable to a wide variety of communicative interactions, and then brings it to bear exclusively upon political confrontations.
30 citations
TL;DR: Theodore Weld's American Slavery As It Is as discussed by the authors was a key moment in the abolitionist's efforts to represent slavery to optimal effect and set in place a vocabulary of images that has significant implications for the way in which we represent race relations in our time.
Abstract: Theodore Weld's American Slavery As It Is signalled a key moment in the abolitionist's efforts to represent slavery to optimal effect. The largest‐selling antislavery text prior to Uncle Tom's Cabin, American Slavery was conspicuously graphic and unrelenting in its depictions of slavery's horrors. At the same time, it helped to set in place a vocabulary of images that has significant implications for the way in which we represent race relations in our time.
30 citations
TL;DR: The Plan of Delano was a powerful persuasive document in the interrelated Chicano and farmworkers' movements of the 1960s and 1970s as mentioned in this paper, and the Plan's Mexican-originated generic form and Mexican-American cultural context reveal sources of its rhetorical power and meaning.
Abstract: The Plan of Delano was a powerful persuasive document in the interrelated Chicano and farmworkers’ movements of the 1960s and 1970s. To support the thesis that this Plan's persuasive qualities are illuminated best from the perspective of its own ethnic legacy, this essay attempts to demonstrate that the Plan's Mexican‐originated generic form and Mexican‐American cultural context reveal sources of its rhetorical power and meaning. These findings provide several implications for the rhetorical criticism of ethnic discourse.
26 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a "rhetoricized" conception of alienation is advanced through the work of Mary Wollstonecraft, a British feminist writing in the 1790s, which suggests that alienation is a discursive problem posed by the interpellation of women throughout history and the reification of those interpellations over time.
Abstract: Feminist scholars have grappled with the issue of women's experiences of alienation in diverse ways. Relying on Marxist materialist critiques of alienation, scholars have been frustrated by the inability to explain adequately women's experiences of alienation. In this essay, a “rhetoricized” conception of alienation is advanced through the work of Mary Wollstonecraft, a British feminist writing in the 1790s. Wollstonecraft's theories suggest that alienation is a discursive problem posed by the interpellation of women throughout history and the reification of those interpellations over time. As a rhetorically material experience, alienation functions as a critical rhetoric suggesting a hierarchical potential embedded in ideology.
25 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyze the monologues of Garrison Keillor on the radio program, A Prairie Home Companion (later American Radio Company), to discover how a feminine spectator is constructed rhetorically in a text.
Abstract: In this essay, the monologues of Garrison Keillor on the radio program, A Prairie Home Companion (later American Radio Company), are analyzed to discover how a feminine spectator is constructed rhetorically in a text. Keillor's monologues, we suggest, create a preferred spectator position that relies on traditionally feminine competencies. This construction is accomplished through Keillor's refusal to privilege vision, dismantling of the male gaze, creation of Lake Wobegon as a feminine setting, and feminine speaking style. In his adoption of the feminine spectator perspective, Keillor provides an opportunity for listeners to experience and accord value to a feminist epistemology.
21 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the rhetorical functioning of musical form through a study of the interrelationships among musical, poetic, and structural facets of Leonard Bernstein's Third Symphony is examined, and the implications of the investigation for the rhetorical analysis of music and for the process of transcendence.
Abstract: This essay addresses the rhetorical functioning of musical form through a study of the interrelationships among musical, poetic, and structural facets of Leonard Bernstein's Third Symphony. It examines the work's presentation of three bases for faith, arguing that the Symphony's appeal rests in its empowering of human agents by enacting a transcendent rebirth achieved through a series of lateral transformations that move, in Burkean terms, from a grounding of faith first in scene, then in purpose, and finally in agent. It concludes by examining the implications of the investigation for the rhetorical analysis of music and for the process of transcendence.
TL;DR: The authors analyzes the congressional deliberations over America's first peacetime propaganda program from 1947 through 1953 as well as the impact of those deliberations on America's international propaganda, revealing that propagandists can and do overcome the cultural constraints of language in order to inculcate their values abroad.
Abstract: Because most propaganda scholars examine discourse where audience and propagandist reside in the same society, they conclude that the practice of propaganda is culturally driven. By examining governmental propaganda directed exclusively to an international audience during the early years of the Cold War, this study reveals that propagandists can and do overcome the cultural constraints of language in order to inculcate their values abroad. More specifically, this study analyzes the congressional deliberations over America's first peacetime propaganda program from 1947 through 1953 as well as the impact of those deliberations on America's international propaganda. Three distinct periods epitomize the Cold War rhetoric of this seven‐year period: the period of naivete, the period of hysteria, and the period of psychological strategy. While the periods of naivete and hysteria were driven by an American conception of democracy and communism, the period of psychological strategy subtly cultivated the cross‐cult...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a collection of essays about race in America, focusing on the struggle for equality and race inequality in the United States, and discuss the role of race in this struggle.
Abstract: CRAFTING EQUALITY: AMERICA'S ANGLO‐AFRICAN WORD. By Celeste Michelle Condit and John Louis Lucaites. Chicago, 1L: University of Chicago Press, 1993; pp. 355. $56.00; paper $18.95. ELITE DISCOURSE AND RACISM. By Teun van Dijk. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications, 1993; pp. 320. $44.00; paper $22.50. HATE PREJUDICE AND RACISM. By Milton Kleg. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1993; pp. 317. $59.50; paper $19.95. RACE IN AMERICA: THE STRUGGLE FOR EQUALITY. Edited by Herbert Hill and James E. Jones, Jr. Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press, 1993; pp. 465. $45.00; paper $ 17.95. RACE‐ING JUSTICE, EN‐GENDERING POWER: ESSAYS ON ANITA HILL, CLARENCE THOMAS, AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF SOCIAL REALITY. Edited by Toni Morrison. New York: Pantheon Books, 1992; pp. 475; paper $15.00. RACE MATTERS. By Cornel West. Boston, MA: Beacon Press, 1993; pp. 105. $15.00. SECOND THOUGHTS ABOUT RACE IN AMERICA. Edited by Peter Collier and David Horowitz. Lanham, MD: Madison Books, 1991; pp. 156. $17.95.
TL;DR: In this paper, the Norms and laughter in rhetorical culture are discussed. But the focus is on rhetorical culture, and not on humor itself, as in this paper, they do not consider humor in rhetorical discourse.
Abstract: (1994). Norms and laughter in rhetorical culture. Quarterly Journal of Speech: Vol. 80, No. 3, pp. 339-342.
TL;DR: Eisenhower's Farewell address is an artistically structured piece of strategic discourse as mentioned in this paper. But it is not a prophetic vision of the future, but a warning about the ability of a rash and inexperienced chief executive to withstand the pressures for increased funding sure to be brought by the munitions makers.
Abstract: Dwight D. Eisenhower's Farewell Address is an artistically structured piece of strategic discourse. The subject of the speech is balance, a subject underscored and illustrated by the balances found in the text itself. Far from being a prophetic vision of the future, Eisenhower's speech is grounded intertextually in his oratorical past and strategically in the political present. His memorable phrase about the military‐industrial complex is thus read not as a prophetic warning about the future actions of the military, but as a warning about the abilities of the chief executive to withstand the intensive lobbying that comes from many sources, including the military‐industrial complex and the scientific‐technological elite. What worried Eisenhower was not the military‐industrial complex, per se, but the ability of a rash and inexperienced chief executive—‐John F. Kennedy—to withstand the pressures for increased funding sure to be brought by the munitions makers.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a framing of Kenneth Burke: Sad tragedy or comic dance? Quarterly Journal of Speech: Vol. 80, No. 1, pp. 77-82.
Abstract: (1994). Framing Kenneth Burke: Sad tragedy or comic dance? Quarterly Journal of Speech: Vol. 80, No. 1, pp. 77-82.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine dans quelle mesure l'esthetique nietzscheenne de la rhetorique opere un revirement total, par sa notion de simulacre, dans l'histoire de la rhetoricalistique depuis Platon, and dans la comprehension de ses rapports avec la theorie de la connaissance.
Abstract: L'A. examine dans quelle mesure l'esthetique nietzscheenne de la rhetorique opere un revirement total, par sa notion de simulacre, dans l'histoire de la rhetorique depuis Platon, et dans la comprehension de ses rapports avec la theorie de la connaissance
TL;DR: This article examined the expectation on the part of audiences in antiquity that Hellenistic narratives would be emplotted according to the compositional technique of architectonic parallelism, and provided evidence that the first century A.D. author, Mark, could assume a Greco-Roman audience would expect this phenomenon as a genre restraint, which, in turn, permitted him to allow argument to be a function of arrangement.
Abstract: This essay examines the expectation on the part of audiences in antiquity that Hellenistic narratives would be emplotted according to the compositional technique of architectonic parallelism. After setting the debate concerning the recognition of this technique in the context of the emerging theory of orality and literacy in the work of Lord, Havelock, and Ong, the term finished narratives (as contrasted with an unfinished or half‐finished narrative) is proposed as the theoretical means by which Dionysius of Halicamassus and Diodorus Siculus distinguished narratives with reference to this organizing technique. This is followed by a rhetorical analysis of two narrative complexes from the Gospel of Mark. They are offered as evidence that the first century A.D. author, Mark, could assume a Greco‐Roman audience would expect this phenomenon as a genre restraint, which, in turn, permitted him to allow argument to be a function of arrangement.
TL;DR: Roh Taewoo as mentioned in this paper delivered an inaugural address as the newly elected president of the Republic of Korea, which exemplified campaign rhetoric that fuses deliberative and epideictic elements.
Abstract: On February 25, 1988, Roh Tae‐woo delivered an inaugural address as the newly elected president of the Republic of Korea. As the culmination of a difficult political campaign, it exemplifies campaign rhetoric that fuses deliberative and epideictic elements. As the first presidential inaugural following a peaceful transition of power in a nation with a democratic constitution, it manifests qualities that Campbell and Jamieson identify as typifying U.S. presidential inaugurals, but in ways linked to recent Korean political history. Moreover, consistent with Confucian tradition, Roh argued by indirection, intimating future policies by juxtaposing allusions, prompting the audience to make inferences that would legitimize his presidency and invest him in office. Finally, when compared to those of his predecessors, Roh's inaugural reflects the link between public discourse and the political system in which it emerges.
TL;DR: This paper examined the 1952 presidential campaign as an instance of contemporary civic republicanism and claimed that Stevenson adapted the tenets of republicanism as a pragmatic response to the obstacles that confronted him in his race for the White House.
Abstract: This essay examines the 1952 presidential campaign as an instance of contemporary civic republicanism. The essay claims that Stevenson adapted the tenets of republicanism as a pragmatic response to the obstacles that confronted him in his race for the White House. Analysis of his campaign rhetoric reveals the strengths and limitations of republicanism as a political argument. The essay explores the complex relationship between rhetorical style, political judgment, and presidential campaign discourse.
TL;DR: The authors argue that the widening dissonance between the ritualized official political discourse and the citizens' experience of everyday reality precipitated the dissolution of the socialist experiment in the GDR, particularly by means of the ironization of that discourse.
Abstract: This essay discusses the communicative background of the political changes in the German Democratic Republic leading up to its first free elections and unification with the Federal Republic of Germany on October 3rd, 1990. I argue that the widening dissonance between the ritualized official political discourse and the citizens’ experience of everyday reality precipitated the dissolution of the socialist experiment in the GDR, particularly by means of the ironization of that discourse. The essay concludes with some observations about the search for a new form of meaningful public discourse necessitated by these events.
TL;DR: Men, women, and language: A SOCIOLINGUISTIC ACCOUNT of GENDER DIFFERENCES in LANGUAGE by Anne Campbell et al. as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: DOING RESEARCH ON WOMEN'S COMMUNICATION: PERSPECTIVES ON THEORY AND METHOD. Edited by Kathryn Carter and Carole Spitzack. Norwood, NJ: Ablex, 1989; pp. v + 270. $65.00; paper $29.50. GENDER ON THE LINE: WOMEN, THE TELEPHONE, AND COMMUNITY LIFE. By Lana F. Rakow. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1992; pp. xi + 165. $24.95. MEN, WOMEN, AND AGGRESSION. By Anne Campbell. New York: Basic Books, 1993; pp. xi + 196. $22.00. WOMEN, MEN AND LANGUAGE: A SOCIOLINGUISTIC ACCOUNT OF GENDER DIFFERENCES IN LANGUAGE. By Jennifer Coates. 2nd Ed. New York: Longman, 1993; pp. x + 228. paper $21.95. WOMEN SPEAK: THE ELOQUENCE OF WOMEN'S LIVES. By Karen A. Foss and Sonja K. Foss. Prospect Heights: Waveland Press, 1991; pp. viii + 310. paper$15.95. YOU JUST DON'T UNDERSTAND. By Deborah Tannen. New York: Ballentine Books, 1990.; pp. 330. $18.95; paper $10.00.
TL;DR: In this paper, Jamieson and King describe the rise of political advertising on TV and discuss the role of TV advertising in political decision-making in the 1980s and 1990s.
Abstract: DIRTY POLITICS: DECEPTION, DISTRACTION, AND DEMOCRACY. By Kathleen Hall Jamieson. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992; pp. 335. $25.00. MEDIATED POLITICS IN TWO CULTURES. Edited by Lynda Lee Kaid, Jacques Gerstle, and Keith R. Sanders. New York: Praeger, 1991; pp. 299. $55.00. REAGAN AND PUBLIC DISCOURSE IN AMERICA. Edited by Michael Weiler and W. Barnett Pearce. Tuscaloosa: The University of Alabama Press, 1992; pp. 351. $39.95. THE SPOT: THE RISE OF POLITICAL ADVERTISING ON TELEVISION. Third Edition. By Edwin Diamond and Stephen Bates. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1992; pp. 418. $14.95 paper.