Showing papers in "Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation in 1968"
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Journal Article•
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TL;DR: A method is described for measuring glomerular permeability by dextran clearance using Sephadex gel filtration technique, and clearance is shown to be a function of molecular size, decreasing with increasing molecular weight.
Abstract: A method is described for measuring glomerular permeability by dextran clearance using Sephadex gel filtration technique. Clearance is shown to be a function of molecular size, decreasing with increasing molecular weight. At a mol. weight higher than 55,000, the clearance is very low and approximately zero, while it averages 95 ml per minute at a mol. weight of 15,000. If plotted in a log.log. graph, a linear relation is found between clearance and molecular weight. In a semilog. graph, however, with clearance plotted against log. Stokes radius, the relation is also linear, with a slight deflection in the high molecular part, however.
2,479 citations
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2,327 citations
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2,299 citations
Journal Article•
745 citations
TL;DR: A Controlled Trial of the Effect of Linolenic Acid on Incidence of Coronary Heart Disease Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation: Vol 21, No sup105, pp 1-20 as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: (1968) A Controlled Trial of the Effect of Linolenic Acid on Incidence of Coronary Heart Disease Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation: Vol 21, No sup105, pp 1-20
628 citations
Journal Article•
536 citations
TL;DR: The percentage urinary excretion of radioactive Histamine after a subcutaneous injection of radioactive histamine was about the same in both sexes in mice, guinea-pigs and rabbits, but varied bet...
Abstract: Male and female mice, guinea-pigs and rabbits were studied concerning urinary excretion of histamine, urinary excretion of radioactive histamine after a subcutaneous injection of radioactive histamine and inactivation of radioactive histamine in kidney tissue in vitro. In male and female mice the urinary excretion of radioactive histamine after a subcutaneous injection of radioactive histidine was also investigated.There was no obvious sex difference in the urinary excretion of histamine in guinea-pigs and in rabbits. In mice the urinary excretion of histamine was significantly larger in females than in males. The difference depended on a higher rate of histamine formation in females as shown by measurements of the urinary excretion of radioactive histamine after a subcutaneous injection of radioactive histidine. The percentage urinary excretion of radioactive histamine after a subcutaneous injection of radioactive histamine was about the same in both sexes in mice, guinea-pigs and rabbits, but varied bet...
458 citations
TL;DR: In eight subjects exposed to hypoxia at high altitude the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve was shifted to the right, the half saturation oxygen tension at pH 7.40 being changed from 26.7 to 30.2 mm Hg on the average, and the decreased affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen appeared within 12 hours after exposure to Hypoxia.
Abstract: In eight subjects exposed to hypoxia at high altitude the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve was shifted to the right, the half saturation oxygen tension at pH 7.40 being changed from 26.7 to 30.2 mm Hg on the average. The decreased affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen appeared within 12 hours after exposure to hypoxia. The shift was confirmed in short exposure experiments using simulated high altitude in a low pressure chamber. At prolonged carbon monoxide exposure the expected shift of the oxygen dissociation curve to the left occurred, but no adaptive changes were found. The physiological implication of these differences are discussed. It is suggested that the rapid shift to the right at high altitude may be a physiological regulation.
344 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Antithrombin III was separated from bovine plasma by chromatography, followed by preparative disc electrophoresis, and the preparations possessed heparin cofactor activity.
Abstract: Antithrombin III was separated from bovine plasma by chromatography, followed by preparative disc electrophoresis. The specific activity was approximately 700 times that of plasma. The preparations possessed heparin cofactor activity.
TL;DR: The vascularization of cervix cancer was studied by colpophotography and assessment of the oxygenation of the tumour surface revealed a gradual decrease in the oxygenisation with advancing stage of the disease.
Abstract: The vascularization of cervix cancer was studied by colpophotography. Assessment of the oxygenation of the tumour surface, using the intercapillary distance as parameter, revealed a gradual decrease in the oxygenation with advancing stage of the disease. This observation was confirmed by direct measurements of the tissue oxygen tension with an open-ended polarographic microelectrode. In invasive carcinoma of the cervix, hypoxic and anoxic foci were frequently encountered. The critical intercapillary idstance seemed to be approximately 350 μ, since in cases with greater intercapillary distance the incidence of superficial necrosis rose rapidly. In 51 cases with a largest measured intercapillary distance of more than 400 μ, local recurrence was found in 51.0 per cent during 5 years of follow-up, as compared to 16.7 per cent in 54 cases with intercapillary distance below 400 μ. Out of 10 cases with a lowest observed tumour PO2 from zero to 9 mm Hg, 6 had local recurrences in the course of 4 years, as compare...
TL;DR: The available data on irradiated molecular mixtures of macromolecules and sulfur-containing substances indicate that radiation energy becomes transferred to the sulfur compound.
Abstract: Radiation-induced radicals and their interactions in model systems, as revealed by electron spin resonance spectroscopy, have been reviewed. The available data on irradiated molecular mixtures of macromolecules and sulfur-containing substances indicate that radiation energy becomes transferred to the sulfur compound. The intermolecular transfer reactions depend upon the temperature of the system as well as the contact between the components. The mechanism for this transfer of radiation energy probably involves the formation and subsequent reaction of small radical fragments, such as hydrogen atoms, electrons, and other small radical groups.
TL;DR: It is concluded that the metabolic effects of contraceptive steroids has not been properly explored and implies that these metabolic effects are only in partial agreement with the alterations occurring during normal pregnancy.
Abstract: Serum proteins of 30 women were estimated before, and 6 months after, regular intake of contraceptive pills (0.1 mg mestranol and 5 mg megestrol). A highly significant rise of increasing degree was observed for α2-macroglobulin, lipoproteins, transferrin, plasminogen, α1-antitrypsin, thyroxine-binding globulin (cortisol), and ceruloplasmin. The immunoglobulins were unchanged, but albumin, haptoglobins, and orosomucoid showed a highly significant decrease. The fall of orosomucoid and haptoglobins was greater than during pregnancy, while the rise of α1-antitrypsin, α2-macroglobulin, lipoproteins, and transferrin was less. It is concluded that the metabolic effects of contraceptive steroids has not been properly explored. This study implies that these metabolic effects are only in partial agreement with the alterations occurring during normal pregnancy.
TL;DR: Immunochemical demonstration of an abnormal prothrombin fraction during Treatment with Dicumarol, I and II.
Abstract: Ganrot, P. O. & Nilehn, J.-E. Plasma Prothrombin during Treatment with Dicumarol. II. Demonstration of an abnormal prothrombin fraction. Scand. J. clin. Lab. Invest. 22, 23-28, 1968.Immunochemical ...
TL;DR: The uptake, release, and oxidation of individual free fatty acids in the human forearm were studied during a 60-min exercise period and β-Hydroxybutyrate leaving the muscle was shown to be labeled.
Abstract: The uptake, release, and oxidation of individual free fatty acids (FFA) in the human forearm were studied during a 60-min exercise period. Muscular uptake of FFA rose with the arterial concentration. The muscle showed a slight preference for linoleic and oleic acid compared to palmitic acid. The forearm RQ indicated a constant fat oxidation during the period of exercise. The uptake of FFA covered about 50 per cent of the fat oxidation. On the average 60 per cent of the muscular FFA-14C uptake was oxidized to 14CO2. The remaining radioactivity left the muscle as water-soluble metabolite(s). β-Hydroxybutyrate leaving the muscle was shown to be labeled. No release of glycerol accompanied the release of FFA during exercise. Glycerol-1-14C was oxidized by the exercising muscle. Glycerol dehydrogenase activity was demonstrated in human skeletal muscle.
TL;DR: The oxygen-transport function of stored blood seems to be related to the intracorpuscular ATP and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate levels.
Abstract: During storage of acid-citrate-dextrose-blood the oxygen affinity of the haemoglobin is increased; i.e. the oxygen dissociation curve is shifted to the left. In the meantime the red cell ATP and 2,3-diphospho-glycerate levels are decreased. In the present investigation it is shown that these changes are reversed by addition of inosine. Thus the oxygen-transport function of stored blood seems to be related to the intracorpuscular ATP and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate levels.
TL;DR: In this paper, the 133Xenon Technique was used to detect Hypercapnia and the inverse reaction during Hypocapnia Observed by the 133 Xenon Technique in Man.
Abstract: (1968). Cerebral Steal during Hypercapnia and the Inverse Reaction during Hypocapnia Observed by the 133Xenon Technique in Man. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation: Vol. 21, No. sup102, pp. XIII-D-XIII-D.
TL;DR: The diminished standing height in scoliotic patients is mainly due to an increase in the lateral curvatures of the spine, and a method is described by which this reduction in trunk height can be measured.
Abstract: The diminished standing height in scoliotic patients is mainly due to an increase in the lateral curvatures of the spine. A method is described by which this reduction in trunk height can be measured. A formula for the calculation of the height loss due to the scoliosis in relation to the angulation of the primary curve is given.
TL;DR: The rapid mixing and pulse radiolysis equipment at The Norwegian Radium Hospital is described and some examples are given to illustrate the potentialities of these technics for elucidation of radiation-induced short-lived products and their possible role in radiobiological processes.
Abstract: The rapid mixing and pulse radiolysis equipment at The Norwegian Radium Hospital is described and some examples are given to illustrate the potentialities of these technics for elucidation of radiation-induced short-lived products and their possible role in radiobiological processes.
TL;DR: A method for partial carbamylation of the amino groups of immunoglobulins is described, which result in an increased charge of the immunoglobia, which is able to be estimated quantitatively as easily as most serum proteins by electrophoresis in antibody containing agarose.
Abstract: The human immunoglobulins cannot be estimated quantitatively as easily as most serum proteins by electrophoresis in antibody containing agarose since their mobility is almost identical with that of the rabbit antibodies. A method for partial carbamylation of the amino groups of immunoglobulins is described, which result in an increased charge of the immunoglobulins. The carbamylated immunoglobulins have retained enough antibody combining sites to allow estimation of immunoglobulins by electrophoresis in antibody containing agarose.
TL;DR: Conformity between the values determined by the various methods was found when determining ‘normal immunoglobulins’, while M-components proved to be higher by the immunological methods as well as by moving boundary electrophoresis and by immunodiffusion.
Abstract: Weeke, B. Quantitative Estimation of Human Immunoglobulins Following Carbamylation by Electrophoresis in Antibody-containing Agarose. Scand. J. clin. Lab. Invest. 22, 107-111, 1968. After carbamylation, the human immunoglobulins may be determined by electrophoresis in antibody-containing agarose. The results are compared with values obtained by moving boundary electrophoresis and by immunodiffusion (Mancini). Conformity between the values determined by the various methods was found when determining ‘normal immunoglobulins’, while M-components proved to be higher by the immunological methods.The reproducibility from day to day, in terms of the coefficient of variation, was 3.1% for IgG, 5.5% for IgA and 4.5% for IgM.The serum concentrations of IgG, IgA and IgM was determined in 99 healthy subjects. The log. transformed values gave a normal distribution. The 95% range was for IgG 7.15-15.10 mg/ml, for IgA 0.74-3.06 mg/ml and for IgM 0.23-1.33 mg/ml. Women showed lower IgA and higher IgM values than men, but...
TL;DR: A diet almost lacking histamine and bacteria has been given to normal human subjects and histamine, methylhistamine and methylimidazoleacetic acids have been measured in the urine and it is suggested that this diet can be used to diminish dietary influences in studies of histamine metabolism in man.
Abstract: A diet almost lacking histamine and bacteria has been given to twenty normal human subjects and histamine, methylhistamine and methylimidazoleacetic acids have been measured in the urine. The diet regimen resulted in a rather constant urinary excretion of the main histamine metabolite, 1,4-MeImAA (range 1.7–4.5 mg/24 hrs), also in subjects which previously had shown high and variable values. Cigarette smokers had higher values. The effect of inhibition of diamine oxidase with aminoguanidine was also studied in ten of the subjects under these standardized dietary conditions. An obvious increase in urinary methylhistamine and a small increase in 1,4-MeImAA was found. It is suggested that this diet can be used to diminish dietary influences in studies of histamine metabolism in man.
TL;DR: The erythrocytes of three sisters with plasma cholesterol ester deficiency and lack of plasma lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) have been studied and the content of cholesterol was markedly increased and fatty acid composition of the phospholipids was not normal.
Abstract: The erythrocytes of three sisters with plasma cholesterol ester deficiency and lack of plasma lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) have been studied. The erythrocyte content of cholesterol was markedly increased. Their total lipid phosphorus was normal, lecithin being increased and phosphatidylethanolamine and sphingomyelin decreased. The fatty acid composition of the phospholipids was not normal as an increase in linoleic acid and a decrease in arachidonic and very long chain fatty acids were demonstrated. The absence of LCAT in plasma of the patients may explain the major lipid abnormalities of their red cells.
TL;DR: Data on the peripheral oxygen utilization and lactate release during standardized leg exercise in patients with intermittent claudication were correlated to the level of the main arterial obstruction as determined by arteriography and to corresponding data in normals.
Abstract: Data on the peripheral oxygen utilization and lactate release during standardized leg exercise in patients with intermittent claudication were correlated to the level of the main arterial obstruction as determined by arteriography and to corresponding data in normals. At comparable loads the femoral venous oxygen saturation was found to be higher the more distal the main arterial obstruction. The calculated blood flow of the exercising leg was lower in patients with proximal arterial obstructions than in those with more distal obstructions. The absence of a corresponding difference in the ability to sustain the graded leg exercise was ascribed to differences in distribution and utilization of the available blood flow. The net release of lactate from the exercising leg seemed to be correlated to the total mass of ischemic muscle and was significantly higher than normal in all patient groups irrespective of the arterial obstruction level.
TL;DR: Results using DL-β-hydroxybutyrate-4-14C as tracer during exercise indicated that the L(+) isomer was taken up to a lesser extent than the D(-) isomer, indicating that an intramuscular production of β-Hydroxy butyrate occurred during exercise.
Abstract: The metabolism of ketone bodies by human forearm muscle during exercise was studied in healthy young volunteers. Net muscular uptakes of β-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate were observed at rest. Th...
TL;DR: A significant correlation was found between the immunochemically determined concentration of prothrombin and the prohrombin-proconvertin activity in plasma samples from 133 patients, some of whom were receiving treatment with Dicumarol.
Abstract: Nilehn, J. E. & Ganrot, P. O. Plasma Prothrombin during Treatment with Dicumarol. I. Immunochemical determination of its concentration in plasma. Scand. J. clin. Lab. Invest. 22, 17-22, 1968.A rabbit anti-human prothrombin was prepared which reacted not only with prothrombin but also with a prothrombin derivative found in serum. The plasma prothrombin and the serum derivative proved separable by gel electrophoresis. This made it possible to study the rate of activation of prothrombin after recalcification of citrated plasma with ‘antigen-antibody crossed electrophoresis’. The fibrinogen coagulated almost immediately after activation of the prothrombin had begun and most of the prothrombin was activated after the coagulation.A significant correlation was found between the immunochemically determined concentration of prothrombin and the prothrombin-proconvertin activity in plasma samples from 133 patients, some of whom were receiving treatment with Dicumarol. But the range of variation of the immunochemical...