Showing papers in "Separation and Purification Reviews in 2010"
TL;DR: In this article, the quest to find an economically viable substitute to active carbon adsorbent to remove toxic metal ions was described, and a brief discussion of design of batch and column adsorption experiments, development of inexpensive adsorbents, and experimental conditions of metal ions removal by batch or column procedures is included.
Abstract: Due to overgrowth in population, industrialization and civilization, demands for water are increasing geometrically. Therefore, alternative sources of water are required and wastewater treatment and recycling may serve this purpose. Among various water treatment technologies, adsorption onto activated carbon is in the front line due to its universal nature. Activated carbon is the best adsorbent able to capture inorganic, as well as organic, pollutants that contaminate water resources. Inorganic pollutants, especially metal ions, are more dangerous due to their toxic and possibly carcinogenic natures. Also they are most often persistent and difficult to biodegrade. The present article describes the quest to find an economically viable substitute to active carbon adsorbent to remove toxic metal ions. A brief discussion of design of batch and column adsorption experiments, development of inexpensive adsorbents, and experimental conditions of metal ions removal by batch and column procedures is included. Eff...
303 citations
TL;DR: Microwave-assisted extraction is the process of using microwave energy to heat the moisture present in the plant material or solvents in contact in order to extract natural products from the plant materials as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Microwave-assisted extraction is the process of using microwave energy to heat the moisture present in the plant material or solvents in contact in order to extract natural products from the plant materials. A typical microwave-assisted extraction is completed within few minutes with higher yield and less solvent consumption. This review gives a brief theoretical background of microwave heating along with the mechanism involved for extraction and influence of parameters is discussed. Finally, a comparison of microwave-assisted extraction with other extraction techniques is given which enables the readers to appreciate microwave-assisted extraction as energy efficient, environment friendly and rapid method available today.
92 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a review of counter-current chromatography (CCC) methods for protein purification and enrichment is presented, and the future of CCC developments, including its application in protein enrichment and enrichment, and new platforms are also discussed.
Abstract: Counter-current chromatography (CCC), a unique continuous liquid-liquid partition chromatographic technique, has been widely used in the separation and purification of natural products. This technique has made great progress in recent years. In this paper, the different possible separation methods developed in CCC are described. It includes classical CCC, pH-zone-refining, pH-gradient, ion-pairing, multi-channel and two-dimensional CCC, dual-flow, liquid-liquid-liquid three-phase systems, elution-extrusion, gradient elution, powder direct injection, with some words for the various techniques used in pre- and post-CCC procedures, and detection modes. The basic mechanisms of each method are presented and applications are summarized. The future of CCC developments, including its application in protein purification and enrichment, and new platforms, are also discussed. This review paper aims to aid scientists who are interested in the field of CCC research for natural product isolation.
17 citations
TL;DR: An overview of the different applications of capillary and microchip electrophoresis for the analysis of organic- or inorganic-based explosives and their residues can be found in this article.
Abstract: For 20 years, the upsurge of terrorist threat on Western countries and the appearance of new environmental policies have been generating an important demand for the detection and identification of explosives. Sensitive, fast, and cheap analysis methods of explosives and their residues on the bombing site or in environmental samples (water, soil …) are necessary for the security of citizens or local residents. Within this context, electrophoresis, in capillary or in microchip format, displays attractive features. This article is an overview of the different applications of capillary and microchip electrophoresis for the analysis of organic- or inorganic-based explosives and their residues.
17 citations