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Showing papers in "The Korean Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery in 1998"










Journal Article
TL;DR: It is shown that serum creatinine level $\geq$ 2.5mg/dL is higher than expected at this time of year, but not as high as previously thought.
Abstract: 저자들은 1993년 5월부터 1995년 5월까지 인공심폐기를 사용한 개심술을 받은 211명을 대상으로 후향적 조사를 하였다. 우리는 술후 새로이 발생한 급성 신부전에 초점을 두었기에 술전 creatinine 수치가 1.5 mg/dL이하였던 환자를 다변수 통계를 이용하여 조사하였다. 술전 신기능이 정상이었던 환자는 198명(74%)이었는데 이중 27명(14%)이 술후 신장 합병증을 보였다. 20명(10%)은 신기능 이상상태(1.5 $\leq$ serum creatinine level $\geq$ 2.5mg/dL) 상태였다. 수술 사망률은 정상에서는 5.8%, 신기능 이상 환자에서는 5%, 급성 신부전 환자에서는 43%였다(p=0.036). 술후 급성 신부전은 심혈관 합병증, 호흡기 합병증과 함께 수술 사망의 독립적인 위험인자로 밝혀졌고, 다변수 분석에서 술후 급성 신부전 발생 위험인자는 고령, 응급수술, 저심박출증 등이었다. 술전 신부전을 보였던 13명에서 정상이었던 환자보다 술후 유병률과 사망률이 높았다. 결론적으로 술전 신기능 이상을 보이지 않았던 환자에서 술후 급성 신부전의 발생률은 낮았으나, 신부전과 동반된 사망률은 여전히 높았다. 그러므로 술전, 술중, 술후 신부전 발생에 영향을 주는 혈류역학 인자들의 세심한 관찰이 요구된다. 【From May 1, 1993 to May 31 1995, the authers studied retrospectively 211 patients who underwent cardiovascular operation with cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB). Because we were interested in new development of ARF(prevalence, mortality rate, and main risk factors), we performed a multivariate statistical analysis about data of patients with preoperative serum creatinine values of less than 1.5 mg/dL. Normal renal function before operation(serum creatinine level less than 1.5 mg/dL) was registered in 198(74%) patients. Of these, 27(14%) patients showed postoperative renal complication, including 20(10%) patients classified as renal dysfunction(serum creatinine level between 1.5 and 2.5 mg/dL) and 7(4%) patients as acute renal failure(serum creatinine level higher than 2.5 mg/dL). The mortality rate was 5.8% in normal patients, 5% in patients with renal dysfunction, and 43% when acute renal failure developed(p=0.036). Indeed, the renal impairment proved to be an independent predictor of mortality(odd ratio 2.52∼11.25), along with cardiovascular(odd ratio 4.20) and respiratory(odd ratio 2.18) complications. Multivariate analysis identified the following variables as independent risk factors for postoperative renal impairment : advanced age(odd ratio 1), need for emergency operation(odd ratio 3.78), low-output syndrome(odd ratio 3.66), respiratory complication(odd ratio 1.30), need for deep hypothermic circulatory arrest(odd ratio 1.4). The 13 patients(7%) with preoperative renal failure showed a significantly higher morbidity and mortality rate than those without renal complications before operation. We concluded that the likelihood of severe renal complications is resonably low in the patients undergoing cardiac operation without preexisting renal dysfunction, but associated mortality remains high. A prominant role of hemodynamic factor in the development of postoperative acute renal failure must be recognized during preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative periods.】

2 citations







Journal Article
TL;DR: It’s time to get used to the idea that there is no such thing as a safe distance between you and a black hole.
Abstract: 연세대학교 의과대학 신촌세브란스병원 흉부외과에서는 1990년 1월부터 1996년 12월까지 원발성 폐암으로 폐절제술을 시행한 환자중 병리학적 병기가 제 1기인 146명을 대상으로 분석 하였다. 이중 남자는 115명, 여자가 31명이었고 나이는 27세에서 79세까지로 평균 58.9세 이었다. 세포병리학적 분류로 상피세포암이 7 2례(49.3%), 선암이 45례(30.8%)로 대부분 이었고, 수술은 전례에서 폐절제술과 종격동 임파절 박리술을 시행하였으며 폐엽 절제술이 96례(65.7%), 전폐 절제술이 48례(32.9%)이었다. 수술사망은 5례(3.4%), 합병증은 24례(16.5%)에서 발생하였다. 5년 생존율은 64.1% 이었으며 평균 생존기간은 66.5개월이었다. 예후인자별 분석에서 수술범위(p=0.1165), 세포형(p=0.8893)에 따른 생존율의 차이는 없었으며, 장측늑 막의 침윤 여부(p=0.0079), T1과 T2(p=0.0462), 선암에서 종양의 크기(>=5 cm)(p=0.0472)에 따른 생존율은 의미있는 차이를 보였다. 수술후 재발은 47례(33.3%)에서 발생 하였고, 이중 국소재발이 9례, 원격전이가 38례 이었다. 재발된 례중 대부분인 44례(93.7%)가 T2병변에서 재발되었고 3례(6.4%)만이 T1병변에서 재 발 되었다. 원격전이가 일어난 부위로는 반대편 폐가 13례로 가장 많았고 뇌 12례, 골 10례등 이었다. 결 론으로 장측늑막의 침윤, T2 병변, 선암에서 크기가 5 cm 이상인 경우에는 제 1기 폐암이라 할 지라도 수 술후 보조치료를 고려해 볼 수 있으리라 사료되었다. 【Background: Surgical resection is the standad therapy for the stage I lung cancer. We analysed the risk facturs of stage I lung cancer patent and tryed to establish more effective and aggressive treatment modality. Materials and methods: A detailed analysis was undertaken to evaluate the surgical results and to define the risk factors associated with the recurrence and the survival time in 146 consecutive patients with stage I lung cancer who were diagnosed, and resected at Yonsei Medical Center from January 1990 to December 1996. Results: There were 115 males and 31 females. Their ages ranged from 27 to 79 years(mean age:58.9 $\pm$ 9.3 years). The histologic types were squamous carcinoma in 72 cases(49.3%) and adenocarcinoma in 45 cases(30.8%). A pulmonary resection and mediastinal lymph node dissection were done in all cases. A lobectomy was performed in 96 cases(65.7%) and a pneumonectomy in 48 cases(32.9%). There were 5 operative mortalities(3.4%) and complications occured in 24 cases(16.5%). The overall 5-year survival was 64.1%, and survival time did not depend on the type of operation or histologic type. Significant predictors of decreased survival were visceral pleural invasion(p=0.0079), T2 lesion(p=0.0462), and tumor size( $\geq$ 5 cm) in adenocarcinoma(p=0.0472). The overall incidence of recurrence was 33.3%(47 cases; local or regional 6.4%, distant 26.9%). Almost all recurrences(44cases) occurred in T2 lesions. The distant organs that failed were the contralateral lung in 13 patients, the brain in 12, the bone in 10, and other organs in 3. Conclusions: even in stage I lung cancer, we suggest that postoperative adjuvant therapy is recommended in patients with poor prognostic factors such as visceral pleural invasion, T2 lesions, and a tumor size( $\geq$ 5 cm) in the adenocarcinoma.】











Journal Article
TL;DR: “ 평균술후흉관보유기는 결핵이 87례(73%)”
Abstract: 1985년 3월부터 1997년 6월까지 강북삼성병원 흉부외과에서 치료한 자연기흉451례를 후향적으로 임상분석하였다. 대부분이 남자환자 였으며(8.2:1), 원발성 자연기흉환자의 평균연령은 26.8세, 속발성 자연기흉은 53.1세였다.속발성 자연기흉의 원인으로는 결핵이 87례(73%)로 가장 많았고, 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환이 19.2%, 그외 기관지 천식, 폐암, 진폐증, 폐렴 등이었다. 환자의 치료로는 안정 및 산소요법이 42례, 흉강 삽관술로 치료한것이 208례, 개흉하에 폐기포 절제술이나 폐엽절제술을 시행한경우가 156례, 그리고 45례에서는 비디오 흉강경수술을 시행하였다. 평균술후흉관보유기간은 개흉술이 8.3일, 비디오흉강경 수술의 경우는 4.7일이었고 흉강삽관술로만 치료한경우 평균흉관보유기간은 11.2일이었다. 본원의 경우, 최근 3년동안 비디오 흉강경 수술이 외과적 수술의 적응이 되는 자연기흉의 치료에 개흉술보다 더 흔히 적용되는 술식이 되었다(1994 33%, 1996 78%). 향후 비침습적 수술방법이 더욱더 발전함에 따라 비디오 흉강경 수술은 자연기흉의 일차적인 치료방법이 될 수 있을 것으로 생각되며, 이의 적절성을 평가 하기위한 다자간의 공동연구가 요구된다. 【From March 1985 to June 1997, 451 patients of spontaneous pneumothorax treated at Kangbuk Samsung Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Most of the patients were male (male to female ratio, 8.2:1). The mean age of the primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) was 26.8 years, and that of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax(SSP) was 53.1 years. 330 out of 451 patients(73%) were PSP. The causes of the SSP were mostly pulmonary tuberculosis and COPD: 87 patients(72%), and 24 patients(19.2%), respectively. All the patient were treated by one of the following modalities: 1)rest and oxygen therapy in 42 patients, 2) closed thoracostomy in 208 patients, 3) thoracotomy in 156 patients, 4) VATS bullectomy in 45 patients. The mean duration of postoperative chest tube drainage was as following: thoracotomy 8.3 days, VATS bullectomy 4.7 days. For recent 3 consecutive years, VATS bullectomy has become the more frequently applied operative procedure than thoracotomy in the treatment of surgically indicated PSP, from 33% in 1994 to 78% in 1996. With the minimally invasive thoracoscopic surgery being more prevalent, VATS bullectomy will be able to be the 1st choice of treatment not only for the recurrent pneumothoracies but also for the some selected cases of the 1st episode pneumothoracies. To verify this approach as clinically acceptable one in terms of cost-effectiveness, recurrence rate, etc, a large scale of multi-institutional clinical study will be needed in a sooner time.】