Showing papers in "Traditional Chinese Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacology in 2009"

Protective Effects of Muskone on Rats with Complete Cerebral Ischemia

Abstract: Objective To observe the effect of muscone on the blood-brain barrier and neuropathological changes after complete cerebral ischemia/reperfusion of rats.Methods The global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury model was established by the four-vessel occlusion(4VO) method,and then the model animals were given high-,middle-and low-dose muscone.Meanwhile,sham-operation group,model group,and positive control group were also set up.The rats neuroethology behavior,and the contents of superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA) and excitatory amino acid(EAA) in ischemic brain tissue were examined.Results Muscone increased SOD content,lowered MDA content,reduced the increase of EAA content caused by ischemia and hypoxia,and inhibited the excitatory neurotoxicity caused by EAA.Conclusion Muscone has obvious protective effect on rats with complete cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Experimental Study of Anti-tumor Effect of Compound Radix Sophorae Flavescentis Injection on Lung Cancer Cells and Hepatic Carcinoma Cells

Abstract: Objective To discuss the pharmacological mechanism of Compound Radix Sophorae Flavescentis Injection(CRSFI) by observing its effect on lung adenocarcinoma cells(LAC),Lewis lung cancer cells,Hep ascitic carcinoma cells and hepatic carcinoma H22 cells in vitro and in vivo. Methods MTT was used to detect the in-vitro inhibitory rate of CRSFI on LAC. The model of solid tumor was established to observe the effects on Lewis lung cancer cells and H22 cells,and ascitic tumor model was used to explore the effects on Hep cells. Results In vitro,after administration of CRSFI,the inhibitory rate of the drug was correlated with the medicated serum concentration and the action time. Compared with the blank serum control,the inhibitory rate of high-,middle-and low-dose CRSFI was 46 %,32.8 % and 22.3 % respectively on Lewis cells(P 0.01),37.9 %,30.6 % and 24.2 % respectively on H22 cells(P 0.01),and 34.8 %,17.5 % and 15.6 % respectively on Hep cells(P 0.01). Conclusion Compound Radix Sophorae Flavescentis Injection has inhibitory effect on the growth of LAC cells in vitro,and also has depressant effects on solid tumor cell,such as Lewislung cancer cell and H22 cells,as well as Hep hepatic ascitic carcinoma cells.

Effects of Total Iridoid Glycosides from Fructus Gardeniae on Inflammatory Reaction and Neuronal Apoptosis in Rats with Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Abstract: Objective To study the offect of total iridoid glycosides from Fructus Gardeniae(TIG-FG) on inflammatory reaction and neuronal apoptosis in rats with intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH). Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into pseudo-operation group,model group,Qingkailing Injection group(3000 mg/kg) and TIG-FG groups(30,15 and 7.5 mg/kg respectively). ICH rat models were induced by stereotactic injection of autologous blood(50 μ L) into pallidus. The brain tissue specimens in every group were gathered at the time of 48 h after operation. Radioimmunoassay(RIA) was utilized to identify the content of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α ) and interleukin 1beta(IL-1β ).The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule(ICAM-1) and Caspase-3 in rats after ICH was detected with inmunohistochemical method. Results Compared with ICH model group,the contents of TNF-α and IL-1β in brain tissue of TIG-FG group(15 or 30 mg/kg) were decreased(P 0.05 or P 0.01),and the expression of ICAM-1 and Caspase-3 was obviously decreased(P 0.05 or P 0.01). Conclusion Total iridoid glycosides from Fructus gardeniae can counteract the inflammatory reaction and inhibit the neuronal apoptosis in rats brain after intracerebral hemorrhage.

Therapeutic Effect of Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae Guiding Function on Diclofenac Sodium Induced Adjuvant Rats Arthritis

Abstract: Objective To study the influence of guiding herb of Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae(RAB) on therapeutic effect of diclofenac sodium for rats with adjuvant arthritis(AA) and its possible mechansim,and to further explore the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic changes after using diclofenac sodium together with RAB.Methods Forty-five Wistar rats were equally divided into 5 groups:normal group,model group,RAB(RAB water extract 5.0 g·kg-1) group,diclofenac sodium(10 mg·kg-1) group,and the combination group.The rat model was induced by Freud's complete adjuvant.The foot edema was tested by volume method.HPLC was used to determine the diclofenac sodium concentration in foot tissue,and ELISA and radioimmunoassay method were used to determine PGE2 and IL-1βlevels in vivo.Results In the combination group,the anti-inflammatory action was superior to that in diclofenac sodium group(P 0.05),the tissue distribution of drugs was more reasonable than that in diclofenac sodium group(P 0.05),and PGE2 and IL-1βlevels in vivo were near to the normal.Conclusion RAB can increase the distribution of diclofenac sodium in target tissue,and the effect is correlated with its pharmacodynamic action.The reduction of PGE2 may have a certain relationship with the promotion of diclofenac sodium distribution in the target tissue.

Effects of Qingluo Tongbi Granula on Proliferation of Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes and RANKL Expression in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

Abstract: Objective To observe the effect of serum containing Qingluo Tongbi Granula (QTG) on proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FLS) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) expression in FLS from patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Methods Synovial specimens obtained from the joint of patients were minced into small pieces for the culture of FLS.The morphological features of FLS subcultrued for 3～5 generations were observed under inverted microscope and electron microscope.The effect of QTG-containing serum on the proliferation of FLS was examined by MTT assay.The expression of RANKL in FLS was assessed by RT-PCR.Results After cocultured by serum containing large-dose QTG for 72 hours,proliferation of FLS and expression of RANKL were inhibited.Conclusion QTG can inhibit FLS proliferation,and reduce the expression of RANKL,which may be one of the therapeutic mechanisms of QTG for rheumatoid arthritis.

Determination of Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin in Biyan Tablets by HPLC

Abstract: Objective To establish the determination of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin in Biyan Tablets by HPLC.Methods The HPLC determination was carried out on Diamonsil C18 column(4.6 mm× 250 mm,5 μ m).The mobile phase consisted of methanol-acetonirile-H2O(18 :12 :70) with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min,and the ultraviolet detection wavelength was set at 254 nm.Results Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin showed a good linearity in the range of 0.1888～ 1.534 μ g with the peak area score,the coefficient was 0.9997,and the average recovery was 101.74 %(RSD=2.97 %).Conclusion The method is accurate and reliable,and can be used for the quality control of Biyan Tablets.

HPLC Content Determination of Luteolin in Callicarpa nudiflora Hook.et Arn.

Abstract: Objective To determine the content of luteolin in Callicarpa nudiflora Hook.et Arn..Methods HPLC was performed with chromatographic conditions as follows:Alltima C18 column(250 mm× 4.6 mm,5 μ m)with column temperature at 25 ℃,the mobile phase of methanol-water-phosphate(55:45:0.4),flow rate at 1 mL/min,and the detection wavelength at 348 nm.Results The linearity of luteolin was good in the range of 0.032 46～ 0.129 84 μ g(r=0.999 5).The average recovery was 99.52 % and RSD was 1.58 %.Conclusion The method is simple,feasible and reproducible,and can be used to control the quality of Callicarpa nudiflora Hook.et Arn..

Determination of Bajijiasu in Morinda officinalis How by HPLC-ELSD

Abstract: Objective To develop A HPLC-ELSD method for the determination of Bajijiasu in Morinda officinalis How.Methods The HPLC-ELSD system consisted of inertsil NH2 Column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) with an isocratic mobile phase consisting of methanol-water(20 ∶80) at the flow-rate of 1.0 mL·min-1,the column temperature was room temperature,and the temperature for the detector drift tube was 104 ℃and the flow-rate of N2 was 2.9 L·min-1.Results The calibration curves for Bajijiasu was linear in the range of 2 μg～20 μg.The average recovery was 98.1 %(n=9) and RSD was 1.8 %.Conclusion The proposed method is sensitive,accurate and reproducible.It can be used to determine content of Bajijiasu in Morinda officinalis How and is suitable for the quality control of Morinda officinalis How.

Effects of Ginsenoside Re on MDA Content and SOD Activity in Rats with Exercise-induced Fatigue

Abstract: Objective This report describes the mechanism of Ginsenoside Re to resist Exercise-induced fatigue based on the observation of effects on MDA content and SOD activityMethods Thirty male SD rats were divided into 3 groups randomly:Ginsenoside Re group,model group and control group,10 rats in each groupRats in Ginsenoside Re group were given gastric gavage of Ginsenoside Re once a day,while rats in model and control groups were given the same volume of normal salineOne hour after administration,rats of Ginsenoside Re groups and Model groups received medium-intensity treadmill exercise for 20 minutes at the speed of 15m/min,with a slope of 0 degree,and after 40-mimute break repeated it for another 20minutesFourteen days later,MDA content and SOD activity have been testedResults MDA content in the serum,liver tissue and muscle tissue of Ginsenoside Re group was obviously lower than that in the model group (P 001)SOD activity in erythrocyte,liver tissue and muscle tissue of Ginsenoside Re group was obviously higher than that in the model group (P 001)Conclusion Our research indicates that Ginsenoside Re is able to relieve fatigue by decreasing SOD content and increasing SOD activity

Toxicity-reducing and Action-enhancing Effects of Total Glucosides of Paeony on Tripterygium Glycosides in Treating Lupus Nephritis

Abstract: Objective To investigate the toxicity-reducing and action-enhancing effects of total glucosides of paeony (TGP) on tripterygium glycosides (TG) in treating murine lupus nephritis (LN).Methods Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) murine LN model was established.Modeling mice were randomly divided into three groups:LN group,TG group (in the dose of 30 mg·kg-1·d-1),and TG+TGP group (TG in the dose of 30 mg·kg-1·d-1 and TGP in the dose of 200 mg·kg-1·d-1),6 mice in each group.Another six normal mice served as control.Medication groups received corresponding medicine according to the experimental design,and mice in the normal control group and LN group received the same volume of saline,qd,for 4 weeks.After the treatment,the levels of 24-hour urinary protein excretion (UPE),blood urea nitrogen (BUN),serum creatinine (SCr),serum alanine transferase (ALT) and aspartate transferase (AST),and contents of superoxide dismustase (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA),and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in liver tissue homogenate were measured.Meanwhile,the pathologic changes of kidneys in each group were detected.Results Compared with LN group,levels of UPE,BUN and SCr in TG group and TG+TGP group were decreased notablely (P 0.05 or P 0.01),and levels of above indexes in TG+TGP group was lower than those in TG group (P 0.05 or P 0.01).The levels of ALT,AST and MDA in TG group were increased significantly,and the levels of SOD and GSH were decreased markedly compared to LN group (P 0.05 or P 0.01).Compared with TG group,the levels of ALT,AST and MDA in TG+TGP group were decreased significantly and the levels of SOD and GSH were increased remarkably (P 0.01).The effect on improving the pathologic changes of kidneys in TG+TGP group was better than that in TG group (P 0.05 or P 0.01).Conclusion TGP has toxicity-reducing and action-enhancing effects on TG in treating LN.

Synergistic Action of Radix Angelicae Sinensis and Flos Carthami on Clopidogrel Bisulfate Counteracting Platelet Aggregation

Abstract: Objective To study the synergistic action of Radix Angelicae Sinensis(RAS) and Flos Carthami(FC) on Clopidogrel Bisulfate(CB) counteracting platelet aggregation. Methods Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomized into 6 groups:normal control group,CB group(1 mg· kg-1· d-1,qd),RAS group(0.7 g· kg-1· d-1,bid) and FC group(0.7 g· kg-1· d-1,bid),CB+ RAS group(CB 1 mg· kg-1· d-1,qd,and RAS 0.7 g· kg-1· d-1,bid),and CB+ FC group(CB 1 mg· kg-1· d-1,qd,and FC 0.7 g· kg-1· d-1,bid). The rats received gastric infusion of corresponding drugs for 5 continuous days. Blood sample of SD rats were collected by puncture of the abdominal artery for the observation of platelet aggregation in each group.Another fifty-four rats were used for the observation of inhibitory effect on thrombosis in arteriovenous shunt. Sixty NIH mice were applied for the observation of effect on bleeding time,clotting time and parameters of routine blood examination. Results Platelet aggregation and thombosis in arteriovenous shunt of rats were inhibited,and the bleeding time was prolonged in the medication group. The above effect was much better in the combination groups. The effect on clotting time and parameters of routine blood examination was not obvious. Conclusion Radix Angelicae Sinensis and Flos Carthami can enhance the effect of Clopidogrel Bisulfate on inhibiting platelet aggregation and thrombosis,and on prolonging bleeding time.

Effects of Emodin on mRNA Expression of Apoptosis-inducing Factor and Endonuclease G of Rat CBRH-7919 Cells

Abstract: Objective To observe the effects of emodin on mRNA expression of apoptosis-inducing factor(AIF) and endonuclease G(EndoG) in rat CBRH-7919 cells,and to investigate its mechanism in inducing apoptosisMethods The CBRH-7919 cells were divided into 4 groups:blank control group,caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK group,emodin group,emodin combined with Z-VAD-FMK groupIn-situ end labeling method(TUNEL) were used to detect the apoptosis of CBRH-7919 cellsThe mRNA expression of AIF and EndoG were examined by real-time quantitative PCRResults Emodin obviously increased the apoptosis rate of rat CBRH-7919 cells in vitro(P001 compared with the blank group)The mRNA expression of AIF and EndoG were significantly increased in emodin group and emodin combined with Z-VAD-FMK group(P001 compared with the blank group)Conclusion Emodin could induce the apoptosis of CBRH-7919 cells in vitro by up-regulating the expression of AIF and EndoG,which can induce apoptosis through the caspase-independent pathway

Effect of Several Traditional Chinese Medicine Injections on Degranulation in RBL-2H3 Cells

Abstract: Objective The effect of traditional Chinese medicine injections (TCMI) on the degranulation in RBL-2H3 cells was studied for exploring the feasibility of evaluating TCMI-induced anaphylactoid reaction by RBL-2H3 cell model.Methods RBL-2H3 cells were cultured and treated by TCMI in vitro.The degranulated RBL-2H3 cells were counted with neutral red staining method,β-hexosaminidase release rate was measured by coloration method and histamine content in supernatant was tested by ELISA.Results Neutral red staining results showed that normal RBL-2H3 had less degranulation,but obvious degranulation occurred when RBL-2H3 was co-cultured with TCMI such as Xuesaitong Injection,Qingkailing Injection,Shuanhuanglian Injection,Mailuoning Injection,Xiangdan Injection,and Chuanhuning Injection.Results of β-hexosaminidase release test showed that Xuesaitong Injection,Chuanhuning Injection and Chaihu Injection promoted the release of β-hexosaminidase to some extent.Xuesaitong Injection and Qingkailing Injection significantly promoted the release of histamine.Conclusion The detect method of RBL-2H3 degranulation is effective and sensitive,and can be used for evaluating the anaphylactoid reaction caused by TCMI.

Content Determination of Protocatechuic Acid in Spatholobus suberectus Dunn

Abstract: Objective To determine the content of protocatechuic acid in Spatholobus suberectus Dunn.Methods HPLC method was developed for the determination of protocatechuic acid in Spatholobus suberectus Dunn.The separation was performed on C18 column with acetonitrile-water-orthophosphoric acid(8 ∶92 ∶0.1) as a mobile phase with the flow rate being 1.0 mL/min.The detection wavelength was set at 260 nm.Results A satisfactory separation between protocatechuic acid and impurity was obtained.The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.020～2.008 ug,r=0.999 9.The average recovery was 98 %,and RSD was 0.1 %(n=5).Conclusion The method is accurate and can be used for the detemrmination of protocatechuic acid in Spatholobus suberectus Dunn.

Antidysmenorrheic Effects of Active Components Extract from Myrrha on Mice Primary Dysmenorrhea Model

Abstract: Objective To explore the antidysmenorrheic mechanism of myrrha and its antidysmenorrheic active componentsMethods The mice model of primary dysmenorrhea was used to study the effect of different extracts from myrrha on writhing response and the levels of nitric oxide and calcium ion in mice uterine tissueMeanwhile,the pathological changes in the uterus was also examinedResults The large-dose petroleum ether fraction of myrrha alcohol-extract had certain pharmacological effect on primary dysmenorrhea by reducing the writhing times,increasing nitric oxide(NO) concentration and reducing calcium ion(Ca2+) concentration in uterine tissue of mice,which was better than the small doseThe observation results of the pathological section showed that petroleum ether fraction improved the pathological changes of dysmenorrheal miceConclusion The petroleum ether fraction of alcohol-extract may be the main antidysmenorrheic active fraction in myrrha,and the therapeutic mechanism is probably related to the regulation of uterine Ca2+ and NO levels

Determination of Content and Encapsulation Efficiency of Liposomes Containing Total Alkaloids from Seed of Strychnos nux-vomica L.

Abstract: Objective To establish the method to determine the content and encapsulation efficiency of liposomes containing total alkaloids from seed of Strychnos nux-vomica L.Methods The total alkaloids were extracted from seeds of Strychnou nux-vomica L.and the content was analyzed.Liposomes containing the total alkaloids were prepared by ammonium sulfate transmembrane gradients.The total alkaloid content of dissolved liposomes was determined by UV spectrophotometry at 254 nm,which was performed with strychnine as the reference substances.The encapsulated and free drugs were separated with Sephadex G-50 column,and then their contents were determined to calculate the encapsulation efficiency.Results The average extracted efficiency of total alkaloids from seed of Strychnos nux-vomica L.was 3.49 %.Strychnine and brucine accounted for 46.76 % and 26.51 % in the extract,respectively.Strychnine at the concentration of 2.4-20 μ g/mL had a good linear relationship with the absorbance.The recovery of strychnine was in the range from 96.66 % to 102.62 %.The recovery of Sephadex G-50 column was(100.85± 0.79) %(n=3).Conclusion The established method is simple,accurate and stable,and can be used for the quality control of liposomes containing total alkaloids from seed of Strychnos nux-vomica L.

Research on Refining of Radix Sophorae Flavescentis Decoction by Microfiltration-Ultrafiltration Technology

Abstract: Objective To study the refining of Radix Sophorae Flavescentis (RSF) decoction by microfiltration combined with ultrafiltration method,and to compare the refining effect with that refined by alcohol sedimentation method.Methods HPLC was applied to analyze the content of oxymatrine,ultroviolet (UV) spectrophotometry was used to determine the content of total flavonoids in RSF decoction,and suitable concentration of NaOH solution for the detergent were chosen in order to wash the membrane.Results The refining effect is better and the recovery ratio of efficient components is higher in RSF decoction refined by microfiltration combined with ultrafiltration method than in those refined by alcohol sedimentation method.Microfiltration combined with ultrafiltration method is of simple operation and short period,and ultrafiltration membranes can be easily washed.Conclusion The microfiltration combined with ultrafiltration method can be used as the alternative for the traditional alcohol sedimentation method in refining of RSF decoction.

Evaluation of Refinement Process for Extracting Herba Artemisiae Scopariae with Macroporous Resin by the Method of Pharmacodynamics Combining with Fingerprint

Abstract: Objective To evaluate the refinement process for extracting Herba Artemisiae Scopariae(HAS) with macroporous resin.Methods With reservation rate of main peak in the fingerprint as the index,the refinement process for extract of HAS was evaluated.The safety of oral administration of HAS extract before and after refinement process was evaluated by detecting serum levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST),observing the hepatic histopathological changes in mice model of CCl4-induced acute hepatic injury,and by mice acute toxicity experiment.Results The fingerprint of HAS extract before and after treatment was similar,the difference of their hepatoprotective effect was insignificant,and there was no obvious acute toxic reaction of HAS extract before and after refinement.Conclusion This experiment verified the rationality of the refinement process for extracting Herba Artemisiae Scopariae with macroporous resin by the method of pharmacodynamics combining with HPLC fingerprint.

Determination of Baicalin and Berberine Hydrochloride in Compound Qinbo Granules by HPLC

Abstract: Objective To establish a HPLC method for the determination of baicalin and berberine hydrochloride in Compound Qinbo Granules. Methods The gradient elution was performed on a Diamonsil C18 column using method-water (0.05 % phosphate acid and 0.1 % trithylamine) as mobile phase, and the detection wavelength was 276 nm. Results The linear calibration curve of baicalin was obtained in the range of 10.08～ 201.6 mg· L-1 with an average recovery of 98.1 % (RSD=1.11 % ). The linear calibration curve of berberine hydrochloride was in the range of 4.08～ 81.6 mg· L-1 with an average recovery of 97.9 % (RSD=1.24 % ). Conclusion The method is simple and reproducible. It can be used for the quality control of Compound Qinbo Granules.

Immunoregulation of the Total Polysaccharide from Sijunzi Decoction on Mice Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocytes

Abstract: Objective To imestigate the effect of total polysaccharides(TP) from Sijunzi Decoction(SD) on the immune function of mice intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes(iIEL).Methods NIH mice were eaqually randomized to 4 groups:control group,model group,TP-SD group,free-protein polysaccharides from SD(FPP-SD) group.Mice iIEL was extracted by discontinuous density method.The percentage of CD3+ and CD69+ in iIEL were detected by flow cytometer.IL-2 and IFN-γ expression in iIEL supernatant was detected by ELISA.Results The percentage of CD3+ lymphocyte in iIEL was 88.46 %.The percentage of CD69+ lymphocyte and the levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ in iIEL were significantly decreased in the model group compared with those in the normal control group(P 0.01).The percentage of CD69+ lymphocyte and the levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ in iIEL of TP-SD and FPP-SD groups were significantly higher than those in the model group(P 0.01 or P 0.05).Conclusion Both total polysaccharides and free-protein polysaccharides from SD can improve the immunodepression induced by cyclophosphamide,and have immunomodulatory effect on the intestinal mucosal immune system.

Determination of Heavy Metals Content in Five Kinds of Chinese Medicinal Material by ICP-MS

Abstract: Objective To establish an ICP-MS method for the determination of heavy metals,including copper(Cu),arsenium(As),cadmium(Cd) and plumbum(Pb),in five kinds of Chinese medicinal material.Methods The samples were digested by closed-vessel microwave.The four heavy metals were directly analyzed by ICP-MS,with elements 72Ge,115In,and 209Bi as the internal standards.Results For all of the analyzed heavy metals,the correlative coefficient of the calibration curves was in the range of 0.999 5～ 0.999 7.The recovery rates were in the range of 92.3 % ～ 108.0 %,and RSD were in the range of 2.4 % ～ 5.8 %.Conclusion The method is convenient,rapid,accurate and can be applied to determine four heavy metals,including Cu,As,Cd and Pb,in Chinese medicinal material.

Experimental Study of Total Flavonoids from Stem-leaf of Scutellaria Baicalensis in Treating Type 2 Diabetic Hyperlipidemia

Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of Scutellaria baicalensis stem-leaf total flavonoids(SSTF) on blood glucose,blood lipid levels and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic rats with hyperlipidemia,and to explore the possible therapeutic mechanism Methods Experimental rat model was established by feeding high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of small-dose streptozotocin The effects of SSTF on blood glucose,blood lipid,insulin sensitive index(ISI) and antioxidative capacity of experimental rat model were investigated Results SSTF significantly reduced the serum fasting blood glucose(FBG),total cholesterol(TC),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) levels,increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) level and ISI,and reduced triglyceride(TG) level to some extent SSTF also had an effect on decreasing malondialdehyde(MDA) content in both serum and liver tissue,increasing serum superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity significantly and glutathione(GSH) content to some extent Conclusion SSTF have significant effect on decreasing blood glucose and blood lipid and improving insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic rats with hyperlipidemia Its therapeutic mechanism may be related to the antioxidation function

Effect of Scutellaria Baicalensis Stem-leaf Total Flavonoids on Lipid Metabolism in Hyperlipidemia Rats

Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of Scutellaria baicalensis stem-leaf total flavonoids(SSTF)on lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia ratsMethods On the basis of establishing hyperlipidemia rat model,blood and liver lipids,lipid metabolic enzyme,and the amount of fecal bile acids were investigated after feeding of fatty emulsion for 30 daysResults Compared to the model group,SSTF significantly reduced the serum levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),increased the activity of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase(LCAT)SSTF also showed the effect on decreasing liver TC,TG and increasing the amount of fecal bile acidsConclusion SSTF have an effect on decreasing lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia rats,and the possible mechanism is associated to the increase of LCAT activity and fecal bile acids excretion

Experimental Studies on Hemostatic Effect and Hemostatic Mechanism of Ochre

Abstract: Objective To study the hemostatic effect of ochre and to explore its mechanism.Methods High dose(12 g/kg) and low dose(6 g/kg) of the aqueous extract from crude and calcined ochre were given to mice by gastric gavage for 5 days,and then the bleeding time(BT),coagulation time(CT) and platelet count(PLC) as well as the prothrombin time(PT) and the activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) and thrombin time(TT) were measured by the antomatic blood agglutination instrument.The content of fibrinogen(Fg) was detected by phenol reagent colorimetry.Results The water decoction from high-dose calcined ochre could obviously reduce the BT and CT.The aqueous extract from both crude ochre and calcined ochre could reduce the PT,KPTT and TT.Meanwhile,both the crude ochre and calcined ochre could increased the content of Fg,but the difference was insignificant.Conclusion The ochre has hemostatic effect and its main hemostatic mechanism is related to the activation of the intrinsic and extrinsic blood coagulation system.

Establishment of Spleen Yang Deficiency Rat Model and Observation of The Therapeutic Effect of Lizhong Decoction

Abstract: Object To explore a way to establish spleen-yang deficiency rat model. Method Modeling the spleen-yang deficiency rats by the way of swimming everyday,reserpine injection and intragastric administration of cool senna leaf decoction every other day for 3 weeks. Verification of the model was through the way of treating the model by Lizhong Decoction and observing the effect. Results The model rats showed yang-deficiency symptoms,such as lassitude,aversion of cold,loose stool,etc. The body temperature,body weight,ingestion,and the D-xylose excretory rate of model rats are significantly lower than those of normal rats. After stopping modeling for 3 weeks,the model rats treating with Lizhong Decoction recovered and had no significant difference with the normal rats,but the models without treating didn′ t recover. Conclusion Modeling spleen-yang deficiency rats by method of swimming,reserpine injection,intragastric administration of cool senna leaf decoction is feasible and reliable.

Effects of Cryptotanshinone on Cytochrome P450 Isoforms in Rat Liver Microsomes

Abstract: s: Objective To observe the effects of cryptotanshinone (CTS) on cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms in the rat liver microsomes. Method The rats were randomized into six groups according to the body weight, 3 rats in each group. CTS groups were treated with CTS at the doses of 20～ 540 mg/kg per day for 10 days, and the negative control group was treated with 10 mL/kg hydroxylpropyl-β -cyclodextrin solution. The positive group was injected with β -NF(80 mg/kg) intraperitoneally on the 7th day, and all the animals were sacrificed by decapitation on the 10th day after last dose. The liver was got out for the preparation of liver microsomes. The activities of six kinds of CYP isoforms were detected by cocktail in-vitro incubation method. Besides, the expression level of CYP isoforms mRNA and protein in rat liver was analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western-blotting assay, respectively. Results CTS significantly increased the activity of CYP1A2 in a dose-dependent manner. In CTS groups at the dosages of 20～ 540 mg/kg, the activity of CYP1A2 was 60 % ～ 430 % higher, CYP1A2 protein expression level was 130 % ～ 320 % higher, and CYP1A2 mRNA expression level was 10 % ～ 150 % higher than that of the negative control group. CTS had no effect on other kinds of CYP isoforms. Conclusion CTS can induce hepatic microsome CYP1A2 expression significantly, which indicates potential drug-drug interaction might occured when CTS is co-administrated with those drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.

Subtractive Analysis of Size Exclusion Chromatography and Fingerprint for Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae Injection

Abstract: Objective To explore the the analytical method for the quality difference of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (RSM) injection. Methods Parallel intercomparison experiment was carried out in different batches of RSM injection samples which had different degrees of adverse drug reaction. The samples were analyzed by gel size exclusion chromatography and C18 HPLC fingerprint. Subtractive analysis was used to reveal the information of the non-low molecular weight phenolic acids. Results There were obvious differences between the results of size exclusion chromatography. The amount of the non-low molecular weight phenolic acids from different batches of the samples was also different, which was correlated with the degrees of acute toxicity in guinea pigs. Conclusion The amount of the non-low molecular weight phenolic acids varies with different batches of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae injection. It is suggested that non-low molecular weight phenolic acids can be used for the quality control of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae injection. For the first time, the perspective that the corresponding relationship between the fingerprint and their toxicities of Traditional Chinese medicine injection may be one of the most important fields is put forward.

Study on Chemical Constituents of Citrus medica var. sarcodactylis from Sichuan Province(II)

Abstract: Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of Citrus medica var. sarcodactylis from Sichuan province, and to provide evidence for the development and utilization and quality evaluation of the medicinal material. Methods Various chromatographic techniques were used to purify the components of this herb. Compounds were identified by their physical characteristics and spectral feature. Results Seven compounds were isolated from Citrus medica var. sarcodactylis, and they were identified as sibiricol(Ⅵ ), 7-methylesculetin(Ⅶ ), bergapten(Ⅷ ), sigmasteryl acetate(Ⅸ ), 5-methoxyfurfural(Ⅹ ), limonin(Ⅺ ), daucosterol(Ⅻ ). Conclusion Compound Ⅵ , Ⅶ and Ⅸ are isolated from plants of Rutaceae for the first time.

Identification of Rhizoma Acori Talarinowii and Determination of Its β-asarone Content

Abstract: Objective To establish a method for identification and quality control of Rhizoma Acori Talarinowii. Methods The medicinal herb of Rhizoma Acori Talarinowii was identified by its origin and TLC. High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was used to determine the content of β -asarone in Rhizoma Acori Talarinowii. Results The results of TLC showed that there were some spots with the same color in the position having the same relative retention time between the tested medicinal material and the control. The results of HPLC showed that a good linearity was in the range of 0.1～ 0.6 μ g, the regression equation was Y=37158.2X-589.5(r=0.999 7), and the average recovery was 96.78 % (RSD = 0.95 % ). Conclusion The method is simple and reproducible, and can be used for the quality control of Rhizoma Acori Talarinowii.

DNA Extraction Method Research for DNA Bar Code Analysis of Chinese Medicinal Materials

Abstract: Objective To establish a DNA extraction method for DNA barcoding analysis of Chinese medicinal materialsMethods Seven different DNA extraction methods were used to extract DNA from 6 medicinal recalcitrant plants which are rich in secondary metabolitesResults CTAB method 3 was fast,simple,universal and effective,by which a high DNA concentration and qualified ratio were obtained as compared with the other methodsThe DNA extracted by this method could provide good results for DNA barcoding analysisThe main improved steps of this methods were as follows:①adoption of 3 %CTAB rather than 2 %CTAB in the exaction;②adding 1 %polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) and 02 %β-mercaptoethnoal in extraction solution to remove secondary metabolites and to prevent DNA degradation;③centrifuge at 10000 r/min for 15 min to remove protein and impurityConclusion CTAB method 3 is a proper method of DNA extraction for DNA barcoding analysis of Chinese medicinal materials