Showing papers in "Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences in 2010"

A Survey on relationship between spiritual wellbeing and quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients

Abstract: Background: Spiritual wellbeing is one of the fundamental concepts in chronic disease in which creating meaning and purpose in life is considered as an important approach in promoting general health and quality of life This study was aimed to explore the relationship between spiritual wellbeing and the quality of life among the patients of Iranian society of MS Materials and Method: This descriptive study on 236 patients between 20-57 years, member of the Iran's MS Society Samples were selected in year 2008 Information through spiritual health and quality of life questionnaires were collected Data analysis by independent t-test and Pearson correlation was performed P-value less than�005 were considered significant Result: Spiritual wellbeing score was average among selected patients (979%) There was a significant relationship between religious aspect of spiritual wellbeing and psychological aspect of quality of life and there was a significant relationship between spiritual existential aspect of well-being and the both physical and moral aspects of quality of life (p=004 and p≤00001 respectively) Conclusion: The results may intensify the necessity of strengthening of the spiritual health as a factor affecting quality of life in those patients The key point in a country like Iran with intellectual, cultural and religious beliefs could be useful and necessary in designing care- therapies programs for such patients

Determination of the mothers' practice about orodental health of their children up to six years old

Abstract: Background: Healthy community is strictly dependent on having healthy children. Orodental care must begin from childhood. This study was designed to determine the mothers´ practice of mothers´ of orodental health of their 1-6 years old children. Materials and Method: This was a cross-sectional study in which data was gathered using questionnaire and interview. Five hundreds mothers of 1-6 years old children,selected by random sampling method, took part in the study. Results: Results proved 30.2% of mothers to be inefficent and 69.8% to be medium, but noefficent practice was absereved. There was no direct relation between practice with age, education and mothers jobs, economic status and place of residence (p=0.001). Conclusion: Findings showed that none of the mothers had efficient practice. This involves a broad planning and demonstrating the outcome of inefficient practice, by means media and special programs by health centers for all mothers with different ages and jobs.

Application of Eggshell as a Natural Sorbent for the Removal of Reactive Red 123 Dye from Synthetic Textile Wastewater

Abstract: Background: Dye is one of the most important pollutants in textile industrial wastewater. The scope of this study was to evaluate the feasibility application of eggshell as a sorbent for the removal of reactive red 123 dyes from synthetic wastewater. Materials and Methods: This study is an applied- experimental research which was performed in laboratory scale and in environmental chemistry laboratory of Baqiyatallah (a.s) university of medical sciences. Eggshell as a sorbent was prepared in laboratory condition (20-25°C) and pulverized by standard ASTM sieves. The effective size (D10) and D60 were 3 and 5.1mm, respectively and uniformity coefficient (UC) was 1.7. The concentrations of dye in wastewater were 25 and 50 mg/l. Results: In this study increasing of adsorbent dose from 1 to 5 g/100ml led to increase of the adsorption efficiency from 48 to 80.7 %. The maximum adsorption took place in first 60min of reaction. With increasing the temperature up to 45°C the pollutant adsorption was increased and increasing of pH from 5 to 8 led to increase of process efficiency from 30 to 48%. Also absorption characteristics of this pollutant on eggshell accommodated with Langmuir isotherm. Conclusion: Eggshell can be used as a natural adsorbent in water and wastewater treatment. This adsorbent is an appropriate media for the treatment of textile wastewater that usually have alkaline condition and high temperature.

Comparison of oral intake profiles at 2 and 8 hours following cesarean section under spinal anesthesia

Abstract: Background: After cesarean section, practices vary considerably between institutions and individual practitioners, ranging from early oral fluids or food to delayed introduction of oral fluids and food which may be after 24 hours or more. This study was carried out to assess and compare the outcome, length of hospital stay and maternal satisfaction of early (2 hours) and late (8 hours) postoperative feeding after uncomplicated cesarean section done under spinal anesthesia. Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 112 women undertaking uncomplicated cesarean section under regional anesthesia from August 2008 to August 2009 were randomly assigned to early feeding ( 2 hours after operation) and late feeding (conventional 8 hours after operation) groups. Two groups were compared for the occurrence of postoperative outcome, possible complications, length of hospital stay and patient´s satisfaction. Chi Squared and t-tests were used to analyze the data. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results There were no significant differences in the demographic data and operation variables between the two groups. No significant differences were noted between the groups regarding post feeding nausea and vomiting, post operative ileus and other complications and duration of hospitalization. Compared with the late postoperative feeding, the early feeding group had a shorter mean time to first flatus ( p =0.03) and higher satisfaction rate ( p <0.0001). Conclusion: Early feeding (2 hours) after uncomplicated cesarean in low-risk woman is associated with higher maternal satisfaction without higher rates of gastrointestinal and non gastrointestinal complications

Effect of one course exercise with consumption Vitamin E on antioxidant status and Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Abstract: Background: The effect of different physical activity with consumption supplements on the function of body vital systems and decrease free radicals effects is not well known during exercise. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of aerobics exercise (HRmax: 60-65%) with vitamin E on antioxidant status and oxidative stress and cardiovascular risk factors in active male students. Materials and Methods: 45 normal active male students were randomly divided in to three groups: Exp 1(N=15, mean±SD age=23.8±1.6) Exp 2(N=15, mean±SD age=22.4±2.3) and control III (N=15, mean±SD age=22.9±1.8). The treatment for exercise-supplement included moderate aerobic exercise (HRmax 60-65%) with consumption a 500 mg vitamin E tablet. The treatment for exercise-placebo included exercise above along with a placebo tablet consumed for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week and session lasted 45 minutes. The variables in the experiment were measured in two stages in the standardized environment of a laboratory. This research performed the Islamic Azad university branch of Tabriz. Results: The results showed that, there was a significant statistical difference between MAD (p<0.02), CP (p<0.04), TAC (p<0.03), LDL (p<0.03) and Vo2max (p<0.03) in the three groups. Discussion: In summery performing moderate aerobic exercise (HRmax 60-65%) with consumption Vitamin E may decrease membrane damage and lipid peroxidation, and cardiovascular risk factors.

Survey of quantity and quality of hospital wastes in Sistan and Balouchestan Province, 1387-1388

Abstract: همدقم ياـه هويـش اـب طبترـم تارييغت و يناسنا ياه تيلاعف ريخا ياه ههد يط رد اهدنامسـپ فـلتخم عاوـنا زا يداـيز مـجح دـيلوت هب فرصم يوگلا و يگدنز تـسا هدـش رجنم . ءاـقب يارـب يدـج يدـيدهت اهدنامسـپ نـيا ا رـگيد و ناسـن يم بوسحم هدنز تادوجوم دنوش . تلاكشـم و دئاز داوم تيريدم ،هجيتن رد و هدـش عـقاو هـجوت دروـم يا هـظحلام لـباق نازيم هب اهدنامسپ ديلوت اب طبترم شهوژپ تسا هدش ببس هنيمز نيا رد ار يددعتم ياه . 1 يكي نامرد و يكشزپ شخب زا تسا هتشاد ناهج رد يا هظحلام لباق تفرشيپ هك تسا يياه . نـيا اب هب نينچ لاح اهدنامسـپ زا يشـخب هـك دـسر يم رظن ي ياهدـحاو رد يدـيلوت اهدنامسپ ناونع تحت هك يكشزپ ي يم هديمان يكينيلك تادئاز اي هژيو دنوش ، لاح رد ياهروشك رد ًاصوصخ هتفرگن رارق يدج هجوت دروم هعسوت دنا . 2،3 رد ناتـسراميب ،يكـشزپ ياهدنامسـپ دـيلوت عباـنم عاوـنا نيـب يـلع اـه دادـعت مـغر ودعم اهدنامســ پ رادــ قم نيرتشــ يب ناــ شد ي دــ يلوت روشــ ك رــ ه رد ار يكــ شزپ يم دنيامن . 4،5 ناتـسراميب طـسوت يدـيلوت ينوـفع ياهدنامسـپ ياهدنامسـپ هرـمز رد اـه نيـب يتـشادهب نيزاوم تياعر و تيلاعف عون ساسا رب هك هتشاد رارق كانرطخ لقادح 3 رثكادح و 90 دصرد ار يكشزپ ياهدنامسپ لك زا دنوـش يـم لماش . رد يكيژوـلويب و يـيوراد ،ينوفع ،ويتكاويدار ،ييايميش تابيكرت عاونا دوجو يراميب راشتنا رطخ و فرط كي زا يناتسراميب ياهدنامسپ ريظن كانرطخ ياه ناتسراميب نانكراك نيب رد زديا و تيتاپه رگيد يوس زا يم باجيا رد اـت دنك لمع هب يتيريدم يدج تامادقا دروم نيا دـيآ . ،يروآ عـمج هـب يهجوـت يـب روشـك رد ار يـصاخ تلاكشـم دناوت يم اهنآ حيحص عفد و لمح ،يرادهگن تسـيز طيحم و يتملاس يدج ديدهت اهنآ باتزاب هك دروآ دوجوب ) يگدوـلآ اوه و كاخ ،بآ ( تشاد دهاوخ لابند هب ار . 7 ، 6 زـكارم و بـطم يداـيز دادـعت نتـشاد رـب هولاع ناتسچولب و ناتسيس ناتسا ياراد ينامرد يتشادهب 16 زا شيب اب ناتسراميب 2000 دـشاب يـم لاـعف تـخت . دادـعت شيازـفا ،تـيعمج عيرـس شيازـفا دهاـش ريخا ياه ههد يط ناتسا نيا عاوـنا هـجيتن رد و يناتـسراميب ياـه دنامسپ ريداقم و ينامرد و يتشادهب زكارم تسا هدوب نآ زا يشان يطيحم تسيز و يتشادهب تارطاخم . ن هب دـسر يـم رظ و ناتســ يس ناتــسا رد هعــسوت لاــح رد ياهروشــك زا رــگيد يرايســ ب دــ ننامه اهدنامسپ حيحص تيريدم هب هتشذگ ياه ههد يط زين ناتسچولب ي يناتـسراميب اهدنامسپ يدراوم رد و هدشن ينادنچ هجوت ي ناتسراميب ينوفع و كانرطخ اـه بز رابنلت ياه لحم رد يرهش ياه هلابز هارمه هب اي زونه اـي و ددرگ يم عفد هلا هيفصـت دروـم ناتسراميب لخاد رد بويعم تازيهجت كمك هب يتسردان وحن هب و يموـمع تملاـس نداـتفا رـطخ هـب ببـس هـك دنوش يم مودعم و هتفرگ رارق ددرـگ يم تسيز طيحم . نيرـت يـساسا زا يـكي  تـهج مزلا ياـه زاـين شيـپ ب دئاز داوم تيريدم حيحص همانرب كي يارجا و يحارط زا يهاـگآ يناتسرامي نـيا رد و دـشاب يـم رهـش ره رد يناتسراميب ياه دنامسپ يفيك و يمك ريداقم هـلمج زا هـك هـتفرگ ماـجنا روشـك فـلتخم ياـه ناتـسا رد يتاـعلاطم طابترا يم يـشزومآ ياهناتـسراميب رد يكـشزپ ياهدنامسـپ تيريدـم يسررب هب ناوت نارـهت يكـشزپ موـلع هاگشـناد ، تـسزوخ ،نارـيا نا ، هراـشا زـيربت و ناردـنزام هديكچ فده و هنيمز : مك تايصوصخ نييعت فده اب رضاح هعلاطم تاـعلاطا هئارا و ناتسچولب و ناتسيس ناتسا ياه ناتسراميب رد يديلوت يناتسراميب ياهدنامسپ يفيك و ي تفريذپ ماجنا ناتسراميب طيحم اب طبترم دارفا و نانكراك تملاس و ينميا زين و ،اهناتسراميب طيحم تشادهب حطس ءاقترا تهج يتشادهب و يتيريدم .

Antioxidant effect of extract of the grape seed in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder as old as mankind and its incidence is considered to be high all over the world. Oxidative stress is strongly associated with development and the complications of diabetes. Antioxidant agents, especially with the origin of plants, are of more importance in the treatment of diabetic complications. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of extract of the grape seed on antioxidants status in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Material and methods: In this laboratory experimental study which conducted in Islamic Azad University of Tabriz research center. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four equal groups including healthy control group, healthy group treated with grape seed extract (40 mg/kg), diabetic control group and diabetic group treated with grape seed extract (40 mg/kg). The experimental rats were treated in related groups for 12 weeks and at the end of experiment serum level of malonaldehyde (MDA) and anti-oxidant enzymes activity including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) were measured in red blood cells. Statistically, comparison of the groups was carried out using one-way analysis of variance followed by Bonferroni post-hoc test. Differences were considered statistically significant at p< 0.05. Results: Diabetic rats showed significant increase in the value of MDA and a decrease in the activities of SOD, GPx and CAT of red blood cells (p<0.001). Oral administration of grape seed extract resulted in significant reduction in the level of MDA and significant increase in the activities of SOD, GPx and CAT of red blood cells (p<0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study provide confirmatory evidence of oxidative stress in diabetes and show the anti-oxidative effect of grape seed extract.

Seroepidemiologic assessment of Hepatitis E virus in women of reproductive age, Gorgan

Abstract: م همدق تيتاپه E يـسوريو يراميب يعون لاـقتنا لـباق يعوفدـم قـيرط زا يناـهد تسا . . سوريو HEV كي RNA سوريو يا هتشر كت يورك ـك تـسا رد ه لاس 1988 دش هتخانش . شوس ات نآ زا يتوافتم ياه يياسانش نونك دـنا هدش . 1 تيتاپه نومك هرود E 60 15 دشاب يم زور هدنوـشدودحم دوـخ يراـميب نيا ينيلاب تملاع نودب دراوم بلغا رد تسا . تارهاظت نآ يهاگشـيامزآ و ينيلاب ضرع رد لاومعم 6 دباي يم دوبهب هتفه . ريظن يراميب نيا تـيتاپه A هـب رـجنم يمن نمزم يلقان تلاح اي و نمزم تيتاپه دوش ياه تيتاپه رياس فلاخ رب يلو رد يگلماـح موـس هـهام هـس رد اصوصـخم و رادراـب نانز رد يسوريو 25 20 دصرد دراوم يـم ناردام گرم هب رجنم ، ددرـگ . 1 تـيتاپه عويـش E يـسررب اـب ب هعسوت لاح رد ياهروشك رد يژولويمديپاورس ني 10 ات 35 شرازـگ دـصرد تسا هدش . 3 ، 2 تيتاپه صيخشت تهج E دوجو ، IgM تيتاپه سوريو دض E لااب رايع و ي IgG هب هك ديامن يم كمك يراميب صيخشت هب سوريو نيا دض شور ELISA و western blot يبايزرا نينچمه و دوش يم صيخشت يارب زا شور ياـه و سناـسرولفونوميا RT–PCR زـين يـم ـمك ناوـت تـفرگ ك . تـحار يرگلاـبرغ تـهج ازيلا شور شور هـيقب زا رـت يـلمع و رـت رـظن هـب اـه يم دسر . 1 دـض يداـب يتنآ يژولويمديپاورس يسررب هعلاطم نيا ماجنا زا فده

The patients' satisfaction of the function of Khatam-Al-Anbia emergency department at Zahedan

Abstract: Background The offered services to the emergency patients and their satisfaction are corroborant of the hospital quality. The objective of this study is to determine the rate of satisfaction of the emergency patients in Khatam-Al-Anbia Hospital at Zahedan. Materials and Method This descriptive-analytic research was conducted on 300 emergency patients in the emergency department of Khatam-Al-Anbia hospital in 2008. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-squared test. Results The satisfaction of nursing care was 99.7%, admission section was 96.9%, the physicians' performance satisfaction was 91.4% and the satisfaction to emergency environment was 82.2%. Also, there were no relationship between satisfaction and the patients' age, gender, education, recovery, the intensity of pain and the treatment cost. Conclusions The services may induce satisfaction to the patients of emergency department.

The inhibitory effect of low frequency electromagnetic field (50Hz) on angiogenesis in chorioalantoic membrane of chick

Abstract: همدقم رد هك تسا يكيژولويب دنيارف زنژولوكساو يط نينجزيامت يم خر دـهد و گر زا ديدج ينوخ ياه لولس ءاشنم لايلتودنآ ياه يم دنريگ ، ف نـيا آر دـني اب هك زنژويژنآ نآرد گر زا دـيدج ينوـخ ياـه گر ـب يـلبق ينوـخ ياـه ه دوـجو يـم دـنيآ تواـفتم تـسا ؛ نيـنج قـفوم زياـمت يارـب يـعيبط زنژويژنآ تـسا يرورض . 2 ، 1 ژوـيژنآ عياـقو نيـلوازا هـك يلولـس ترجاـهم و رـيثكت زن يم ينيتكا ياهربيف ددجم ييارآزاب هب رجنم دنشاب ) ناملايف هـك يليوـط ياـه يلولـس يگدنبسچ لماوع طسوت و هدش لولس ندش هديشك هب رجنم ، لولـس لصـتم نآ يجراخ سكيرتام هب ار يـم دـنيامن ( يـم دنوـش . 4 ، 3 زا يرايسـب رد يراميب رـيظن كـيژولوتاپ ياه ) هتفرشـيپ ياـهروموت ، زاتـساتم ، لـصافم مرو ، نيئارش بلصت ( زا يرايسب و يراميب زنژويژنآرگيد ياه ب ه روـط مشـچ يرـيگ شيازفا يم دباي . دناوتب هك يياهوراد زا هدافتسا اذل گر لرتنك تحت ار يياز نـيا نامرد تهج يعياش شور دهد رارق يراـميب بوسـحم اـه يـم دوـش . 6 ، 5 شور رد ناـمرد لوـمعم ياه نـيا هـنوگ يراـميب اـه ، قـيرزت وراد هراوـيد هـب اخ ر يج گر ينوـخ ياـه يـم اـهنت هـنرما نـيا هـك دـشاب رـجنم ضاـبقنا هـب گر ملاس ينوخ ياه يم ددرگ ، هكلب كاندرد تسه زين و ريثات يفاك رب يور درادن زنژويژنآ راهم . زا هدافتسا و عادبا هزورما شور يناـمرد ياـه رثؤـم رـت ناصصختم و نيققحم هجوت دروم يـم ب دـشا ، نـيا زا يـكي شور زا هدافتـسا اـه ناديم سيطانغمورتكلا ياه ي دـشاب يم مك سناكرف اب . 5 ماـجنا تاـيبرجت يـخرب هدش ، رد زنژويژنآ شهاك رگنايب گرهايس و اه هنيس ياهروموت يا اـيو شيازـفا تسوپ ريز هيحان رد زنژويژنآ شوـم و يئارحـص ياـه گرهايـس يمكـش ياـه ريثات تحت ناسنا ناديم ياه سيطانغمورتكلا ي يم شاب ن د . 9 7

Molecular Basis of Inherited Factor XIII- A Deficiency among Patients from Sistan - Baluchestan

Abstract: Background Factor ХШ, the last zymogene in the clotting cascade, converts the loose fibrin polymer into a firm polymer. In the absence of factor ХШ the abnormal fibrin is soluble in acetic acid, as well as 5M urea. Factor ХШ is composed of 2 catalytic A subunit bounds and 2 B subunits as carriers (A2B2). The gene of A chain is located on chromosome 6. Factor ХШ deficiency is rare with a prevalence of only 1 in 2 million in the general population. The overwhelming majority of cases are due to mutations in subunit A. The aim of this study was to detect the mutations of subunit A. Materials & m ethods: In this study we investigated the molecular basis of inherited factor ХШ deficiency among 10 unrelated patients from Sistan and Balouchestan province in 2006. Mutations were detected by amplifying each exon. Those exons exhibiting the presence of heteroduplex by conformation sensitive gel electrophoresis (CSGE) were selected for direct sequencing. Sequencing of mutations was carried out by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Results All patients had homologous subsitiation of TGG to CGG in exon 4 which led to change of arginine to tryptophan. Conclusion The mutation found in this study was in the core domain of enzyme. It seems that the changs in electric charge and affinity of enzyme to substrate‚as a result decreases the level of factor XIII-A activity.

Comparative investigation of mental health status of spouses of war handicaps in accordance with husband's disability

Abstract: Background In connection with specific situation of handicaps of war in terms of both mental and physical health, their wives are dealing with peculiar stresses. In this research the mental health status of war victims was investigated. Materials and m ethod In a descriptive-analytical study, 100 spouses of handicaps of war from Zahedan (south-east of Iran) were selected during 2007, through systematic random sampling and they were assessed by GHQ-28 questionnaire and clinical interview. Results In this regard the mean of whole scores as well as 70% of individuals' personal scores were higher than cut-off point (i.e. 24). ANOVA results did illustrate that through several variables, type of husband's disability had significant impact on the scores exclusively. The results of Tuky Post-Hoc test showed that the lowest mental health belonged to spouses of mentally disabled victims. Whereas, women whose husbands were handicapped both physically and mentally were placed in the second category. Furthermore, women whose couples had physical injury were in better mental health situation than the other groups. Conclusion The level of mental health status of war victims' wives is low and it varies with regard to type of husbands' disability. This difference was concerned with the nature of husbands' symptoms and behaviors, besides in conformity with cognitive theories, the possibility of attribution to husbands’ behaviors instead of their hostility is explainable .

Comparison the effects of one session aerobic exercise and resistance training on some of the coagulation markers of healthy young women

Abstract: Background Physical training is a useful method to reduce disease of cardiovascular, but the effect of exercise on the coagulation system is under investigation. The aim of this study was to determine the response of one bout exhaustive aerobic exercise and resistance training on some of coagulation markers in healthy young women. Materials and Method This quasi-experimental research was performed in 2009. Twenty trained volunteer female students of physical education Sari Azad university were selected objectively and availability. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups of aerobic (n=10) and resistance training (n=10). Aerobic group performed an exhaustive workout program on treadmill intensity 65 to75% Vo2max on treadmill. The resistance group completed three sets of 5-7 repetitions of six exercises at an intensity corresponding to 80% of 1RM. Following 12 to 14 hours of nightly fasting, venous blood samples (5 cc) were collected pre, immediately after exercise and after 60 min of recovery and analyzed for PT, aPTT and fibrinogen . Participants were matched according to anthropometric measurements , age and Vo2max . Hypothesizes were tested by using independent t, repeated measures and post-hoc test (p 0.05 ). Results Both the aerobic and resistance training groups, PT time (p <0.001 ) and aPTT time significantly decreased (p=0.006, p < 0.001 respectively times between the two groups and the effect of resistant training on fibrinogen level immediately after exercise ) . Also aPTT time higher increased after recovery in comparison with baseline levels in aerobic (p=0.006) and resistance training groups ( p < 0.001 ) . There were no significant differences in PT and aPTT was higher than aerobic training (p=0.0035). Conclusion The results show that both of acute aerobic and or anaerobic exercise lead to small and transit coagulation system and increase in coagulation times .

Dental health and dental treatment needs in patients with thalassemia major

Abstract: Background Patients with thalassemia major needs more dental care due to their medically compromised condition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dental health and dental treatment needs of these patients at Zahedan university school of Dentistry in 2009. m aterials and Method In this descriptive-analytical study, 75 patients with thalassemia major were selected in which 42 boys and 33 girls with mean age of 10.79±6.2 referred to community dentistry center as the case group and 75 patients' relatives referred to Zahedan school of Dentistry as the control group. Two groups matched for age and sex. The studied variables were patient's educational level and their parents, dental caries and treatment needs. Statistical analysis was carried out by chi-squared test and t-test. Results Thalassemic patient had increased average dental caries and missing (d=2.24, m=0.13, D=2.49, M=0.52) than the control group (d=2.13, m=0.05, D=0.97, M=0.35). Pulp therapy was the most needed treatment in patient group and in the other group filling dental caries was needed more. Conclusion According to the high incidence of dental caries in patient with thalassemic major, effective preventive measures, health education and dental treatment are needed for this group.

Tuberculosis and drug resistance in Iran

Abstract: همدقم زونه لس تفرشـيپ لاـح رد ياهروشـك يتـشادهب مـهم تلاكشـم زا يـكي زا تسا ناريا هلمج . دودح هنايلاس تشه لـس يراـميب هـب ناـهج رد رفن نويليم زا شيب و هدش لاتبم 5 / 2 تـسد زا ار دوـخ ناـج يراميب نيا رثا رد رفن نويليم يم دنهد . 3 1 و لـس هنايلاـس زورب و گرـم نازـيم نـيا بـقاعتم يلااـب اتبسـنريم ميب دـشر هـب ور ياهروشـك رتشيب رد يتشادهب هدمع لكشم كي هب ار نآ يرا ناهج ليدبت تسا هدومن . هـب لاتبم ناراميب رد نامرد يلااب هنيزه رب هولاع اريز مواـقم لس ، يراـميب نـيا لرـتنك هدـننكديدهت ،نآ رـيم و گرـم يلااـب رـطخ يم دشاب . 6 4 ييوراد تمواقم هب لس دض يوراد نيلوا يفرعم اب لس رد اـيند رد لاس 1943 ياـهوراد شيادـيپ و وراد نـيا زا هدافتـسا همادا اب سپسو صخشم درك شيازفا هب عورش رتديدج . يضـعب و عيـسو هدافتـسا لاـبند هـب هنافساتم اما ههد دودحزا هك نيپمافير يورادزا اجبان تاقوا 70 دش عورش متسيب نرق ، لـس وراد دنچ هب مواقم اي MDR رد لاس 1990 اهج رد ب و دش هدهاشم ن ه تعرـس و يساسا يلضعم هب ديدهت لس لرتنك همانرب يارب هدننك رد اهروشك زا يرايسب ن رد و تياه يياج ات دش لدبم ناهج نامزاس هك يناهج لاس رد تشادهب 1993 هب ار لس درـك يـفرعم يناهج سناژروا كي ناونع . 2،7،8 عوـضوم نـيا تـيمها راوم زورب هك دش ساسحا رتشيب ينامز لس د MDR تـمواقم هب هـب ياـهوراد ناــ مرد مود و لوا طــ خ ) XDR ( ؛تــ فاي شرتســ گ هــ ب يروــ ط لاــ ح رد هــ ك شوسرضاح ياه MDR يگزات هب و ناهج ياهروشك مامت زا ) لاس زا 2005 ( هنوگ ياه XDR ب ايند طاقن يخرب زا ه زدـيا يراـميب اـب هـك يقطاـنم صوصـخ تسا هدش شرازگ دنتسه ريگرد . 11 9 ك دراوم ل MDR رد لاس 2005 دودـح 460000 دروم ملاعا ديدرگ دراوم موس ود دودح هك نآ هب طوبرم روشك هس هيسور ، نيـچ و دنه دوـب . 1 دراوـم عويـش يحاوـن زا يضـعب رد XDR اـت هد دصرد دراوم MDR دش ملاعا تسا ه . تيدودـحم هـب هـجوت اـب يحاون نيا رد وراد مزلا ياــ ه ، و گرــ م رــ يم نيــ ب ناراــ ميب 100 80 دــ صرد رازگ هدــ ش ش تسا . 15 12 ، 1 لاس رد 2006 نيب زا 544 يب رام يبوـنج ياـقيرفآ رد لـس هب لاتبم 53 رفن ) % 7 / 9 ( لس هب لاتبم XDR هك دندوب 52 ينعي رفن 98 دـصرد نآ رـب اـه رد يراـميب نـيا رثا تدـم 25 دـندرك توـف زور . 1 نامزاـس شرازـگ ساـسارب يناهج يتـشادهب تاـماقم ديدـش ةزراـبم تفرشـيپ تعرس ،تشادهب اـب ناـهج م ا لاس رد سيزولوكربوت مويرتكبوكي 2006 شرازـگ هـب اـنب و تـفاي شهاـك لاس رد هك نامزاس نيمه 2008 ،دش رشتنم شهاك و صيخشت ،لـس يياـسانش لاس زا يراميب نيا هب لاتبم دارفا دادعت شيازفا هب 2006 لاس اب هسياقم رد ياـه دش رجنم نآ زا لبق . دهب يناهج نامزاس شرازگ ساسارب تـشا لاـس رد 2006 زا 2 / 9 ،لس هب لاتبا ديدج دروم نويليم 500000 دروم مواقم لس هب وراد هدوـب تسا . لاس رد دـض يوراد شياديپ زا لبق ياه هدـمع لـماع وراد نادـقف لـس نرق عورش رد نونكا و دوب ناراميب گرم 21 لـماوع زا يكي ييوراد تمواقم و گرم مهم ب يلس ناراميب ريم ه يم رامش دور . 19 16 يـسررب رد يددـعتم ياـه شرتسـگ ناـهج رسارس تـمواقم جـيار ياـهوراد هـب لـس بورـكيم ار ناشـن يم دهد . ييوراد تمواقم يسررب هب نايلاتبم رد لس رد 36 ناشـن ناهج روشك رايسـب نازـيم زا نكينيمود يروهمج لثم يزكرم ياكيرمآ ياهروشك هك داد رادروخرب ييوراد تمواقم يلااب دن شك رد اما هـك يياـقيرفآ و ييايسآ ياهرو يم بوسحم عياش يراميب كي لس دوش نازيم رايسـب تمواقم دوـب تواـفتم . 13 هرك لثم اهروشك يضعب رد دراوم MDR اهروشـك رد و نيياـپ رايسب يي لـثم هديكچ ده و هنيمز ف : ريقف و هعسوت لاح رد ياهروشك زا يرايسب يتشادهب مهم تلاضعم زا يكي لس يند يم ا دـشاب . ناـمرد رد يـساسا تلاكشـم زا يـكي رـضاح لاـح رد تسا ييوراد تمواقم عوضوم لس يراميب . زا مـعا وراد هـب مواـقم دراوـم عويش ات تسا هدش شلات يرورم هلاقم نيا رد Multiple Drug Resistant ، Extensively

Evaluation of Bacterial Contamination of Water Supply in Dental Unit Water Lines at Zahedan Dental School 2008

Abstract: Background Assessment of microbial contamination in dental unit waterlines has been focused on because of high risk of dangerous infections in immunocompromised patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bacterial contamination of water supply in dental unit water lines at Zahedan Dental School. Materials and m ethods: In this descriptive analytical study we investigated 400 water samples collected from four parts of each unit including air/water syringe, turbine handpiece (before & after flushing), cup filler and 1 water sample collected from city water reservoir in Zahedan faculty of dentistry during 2008. Water samples were taken on Saturdays (the first working day in a week) and Wednesdays (the last working day in a week), before and after treatment on the same unit. Samples were transported in closed sterile containers to microbiology laboratory. All samples were incubated on blood agar and McCankey plates for 72 hours at 37 ° C . Bacterial contamination were then evaluted. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and t-test. Results: Total mean bacterial count was 6914 cfu/ml. Mean bacterial contamination on Saturdays (8859 cfu/ml) were higher than Wednesdays (4969 cfu/ml). Mean bacterial contamination before treatment was (5155 cfu/ml) less than the end of treatment (8673 cfu/ml) on the same unit. m ean bacterial contaminations of prosthetics clinic (13439cfu/ml) was higher than other clinics. The mean of periodentology clinic bacterial contaminations (3012 cfu/ml) was the least. Conclusion The result of this study demonstrated that microbiological level of dental unit water lines is high. The dentists must be aware of the high level of microorganisms in the dental unit's water and thus minimize the risk of infection in both staff and patients.

Comparison of the effect of combined relaxation and music therapy on blood biochemical characters and blood pressure on type 2 diabetic patients

Abstract: Background: Undoubtedly, diabetes and its complications is one of the greatest diseases in worldwide with considerable concern for medical knowledge. There are different kinds of psychological treatments which may reduce the signs and symptoms of diabetic complications. Majority of researches indicated that consulting, music therapy and relaxation play significant and effective role on diabetes. Materials and Method: In this semi-experimental study 75 patients with diabetes type 2, according to subjects’ characters, were invited to participate in the study. They were divided into the intervention and control group randomly. The intervention group was stratified into 6 groups with 5 patients in each group. The intervention programs were carried through 10 sessions of music and relaxation therapy (consist of imagery, progressive muscle and breathing relaxation) and home practice for three months. Blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HbA1c and fasting blood glucose were measured before and after of study. All patients also filled out the questionnaire related to biography and some diabetes risk factors before and after the study. Results: A total of 73 patients (intervention group=28 and control group=45) completed the 3-month study period. The result showed that there were significant difference between FBS (p=0.03), systolic (p=0.02) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.0001) in intervention group compared to control group. Conclusion: we suggest that combined relaxation and music therapy is a feasible and effective treatment on diabetes. Therefore, adding relaxation and music therapy to other treatments such as physical activity and diet, in people with type 2 diabetes, may help them to control and mange their diabetes .

Evaluation the effect of topical and systemic celecoxib on serum antioxidant in induction of tongue neoplasm in rat

Abstract: م همدق كي ناهد ناطرس عياش ناطرس هد زا ي رد رد يددـعتم لـماوع هك تسا ايند تــسا لــ يخد نآ داــجيا . لاــكيدار لاــكيدار دــ ننام نژيســكا دازآ ياــه ياــ ه ،ديسـكارپوس شرتسـگ رد يـمهم شـقن دياسـكارپ نژوردـيه و ليسـكورديه ناطرس دنراد ناهد ناطرس هلمج زا ندب ياه . سرتسا نيا ببس ويتاديسكا ياه بيرخت DNA نژ و ياه نژوـكناوتورپ ناـيب شيازـفا و روـموت رگبوكرـس اـه يم دندرگ . بيسآ لماش روتكاف نيدنچ و تسا لايروتكاف يتلوم ناهد ناطرس

Antibiotic resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated from gonorrhoeae patients

Abstract: Background: The objective of this study was to determine antibiotic susceptibility and penicillinase production by Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains isolated from gonorrhoeae patients in Zahedan. Materials and methods: In a descriptive study during 2005-2008 years, 400 suspected patients were studied by history review, medical examination, gram staining and culture in Thayer-Martin medium. Antibiotic susceptibility and penicillinase tests of isolated strains were done by disk diffusion method and aciodometric method, respectively. Results: Cultures were positive in 77(19.2%) patients. The resistanat rate against antibiotics were as follow: penicillin (79.2%), ciprofloxacin (53.2%), ceftriaxone(3.8%), spectinomycin(2.5%), cefixime(12.9%), co-trimoxazole(93.5%), tetracycline(88.3%) and gentamicin(29.8%). In the meanwhile, 83.1 percent of penicillin resistant isolates produced penicillinase enzyme. Discussion: Ceftriaxone, spectinomycin and cefixime are the sole antibiotics that could be considered as selective drugs. Quinolones which were regarded as an effective group of antibiotics recently have lost their importance. Resistance against other antibiotics is rapidly developing, thus, conducting experimental tests and determination of minimum inhibitory concentration and clinical trial studies at fixed intervals can contribute to diagnosis of resistance of gonococci and rapid and successful treatment of their infections in Zahedan region.

The relationship between serum magnesium level and febrile convulsion in 6 months to 6 years old children

Abstract: ردان ضراوع FC گرم ، تسا ينهذ تيلولعم و يژلپ يمه هك اب ت رـتمك جنش زا جنپ ضراوـع نـيا هقيقد ـب ه دوـجو دـمآ دـهاوخن . 3 ضراوـع جنشـت بـجوم ناوارف بارطضا نيدـلاو يارب و لـيمحت هـنيزه يناسـنا يورـين و يرتسـب ياـه يم يفازگ دنوش مه ؛ هب زاين نينچ LP ندوب يمجاهت دوجو اب هك ، رد نآ ماـجنا ؛دراد ترورض لاس كي ريز نينس ار نيققحم هك دنتسه يلئاسم يوجتسج هب يمرب عياش يراميب نيا زاس هنيمز لماوع دنزيگنا . نونكاـت يراـميب نـيا زنژوتاـپ هتخانش ـن هدش تـسا ـكيتنژ هـنيمز يـلو ي اهرتيمسـنرتورون تارـييغت و ، رـصانع نوي يخرب و بايمك ،ميزينم هلمج زا اه ديسا كيريتوبونيمآاماگ و يور ) اباگ ( هدش هتخانش ليخد نآ زورب رد دنا 9 4 يكي زا نيا ميزـينم ثـحب دروـم رـصانع تسا . لـخاد مـهم نوـي نيـمود و ناسـنا ندـب يلـصا نويتاك نيمراهچ ميزينم ب هك تسا يلولس ه متسـيس زا يرايسـب رد روتكافوك ناونع شـقن يـميزنآ ياـه دراد 10 و ب يبصع دركلمع رد ه هدننكراهم ناونع هدـننك ليهسـت تارـثا يارب يا تلاخد يسپانيس لاقتنا يور ميسلك دراد . 5 هعلاطم نيا رد ، طاـبترا نييعت يارب بـتزا يشان جنشت اب ميزينم نوي ، راـچد ناـكدوك رد مرـس ميزـينم نازـيم FC هزادنا تسا هدش هسياقم ملاس ناكدوك اب و يريگ . شور راك دروم هعلاطم نيا رد يدهاش 32 ناكدوك زا رفن 6 ات ههام 6 هك يا هلاس لاـس ناتسبات يط 1385 ميب رد بـلاطيبا نـب يـلع ترضـح ناتـسرا ) ع ( رهـش ناجنسفر هب جنشت تلع بـتزا يشان دـندوب هدـش يرتسـب هـب دروـم هورـگ ناوـنع دندش باختنا . هورگ رد دهاش زين 33 ب هك ينس فيط نامه رد كدوك ه يـتلع جنشتو بت زا ريغ ، لاهسا ، نويساتارديهد ، يرتسب يويلك يياسران اي و غارفتسا دندوب هدش ، فرگرظن رد دـش هت دن . باـختنا هـنومن هـب اـه يفداصـت روـط تروـص تفرگ . رد هورگ ود ره زا رتمك يتدم رد و يرتسب زور نيلوا رد شش تعاس تاشـيامزآ تـهج نوخ هنومن ،يرتسب نامز زا لوـمعم هزادـنا و شـخب يرـيگ دش لاسرا و هتفرگ ميزينم . راـميب نيدـلاو هـب حرـط فادها دروم رد نآ زا لبق و دش هداد حيضوت نآ تياضر بلج زا سپ رد اـه ، ذـخا يـبتك هـمان تياـضر نوخ هك ركذت نيا اب ،دش هناگادج يريگ يمن ماجنا يا دوـش و نيـلوا ناـمه اـب نوخ يريگ ،لومعم هزادـنا مـه مرـس ميزـينم حطس يـم يرـيگ ددرـگ . نـيا رد دش ذخا زين هاگشناد قلاخا هتيمك زوجم صوصخ . هزادنا ميزـينم حطـس يريگ زكرم كي رد مرس هاگتسد كي طسوت ، ، ب و يرتموتوفورتكپسا شور اب ه هليسو دش ماجنا ناسراپ تيك . مرن هدودحم لا ، mg/dl 3 / 2 5 / 1 دش هتفرگ رظن رد . نيدلاو زا جنشت تدم و سنج ،نس لماش كيفارگومد تاصخشم هديـسرپ دش . اب ياـطخ 05 / 0 و هـعلاطم ناوـت 80 دـصرد نيگناـيم تواـفت هـكنيا يارـب ورگ ود رد ميزينم هورـگ رـه رد ،دوـش هتفرگ رظن رد رايعم فارحنا هزادنا هب ه 16 هعلاطم نيا رد هك دوب زاين دروم رفن ، 32 رـفن دروـم و 33 رـفن دهاـش دروـم دنتفرگ رارق يسررب . هداد تـياهن رد رازـفا مرـن زا هدافتـسا اـب اـه SPSS-13 و نومزآ ياه t و لقتسم ٢ χ ليلحت و هيزجت ديدرگ . هتفاي اه يم ـ نيگنا س ــ گ رد ين ــ نشت هور ـ ج 2 / 20 ± 12 / 35 م ــ رد و ها گ ــ نك هور ـ ت ـ لر هديكچ فده و هنيمز : زا يشان جنشت زنژوتاپ ،بت عياش هك تسين صخشم ؛تسا يكدوك نارود رد يجنشت للاتخا نيرت . تارـييغت هـلمج زا يلماوـع يلو ،اهرتيمسـنرتورون دنراد تلاخد نآ زورب رد ميزينم هلمج زا بايمك رصانع . شور و داوم راك : رد دروم هعلاطم نيا نوخ ميزينم يدهاش 32 ناكدوكزا رفن 6 ات ههام 6 هب يرتسب هلاس تلع بت زا يشان جنشت و 33 هسـياقم مـه اـب ملاس كدوك دش . هتفاي اه : دروم هورگ رد 25 ك ميزينم حطس دصرد زا رتم 5 / 1 دنتشاد زا رـتمك ميزـينم حطـس دهاش هورگ رد و 5 / 1 تـشادن دوـجو دوـب راد يـنعم ود نـيا فلاتـخا و . ) 005 / 0 p= .( هجيتن يريگ : ليهست يلامتحا ياهروتكاف زا يكي هدننك بت زا يشان جنشت و دشاب هديسرن يميزينموپيه حطس هبرگا يتح ،تسا نوخ ميزينم حطس تفا رد ميزينم يم لقادح دشاب يعيبط ناز . ] ، ز پ ع ت م 12 ) 2 :( 42 40 [ اه هژاو ديلك : ميزينم ، ناكدوك ،بتزا يشان جنشت تفايرد خيرات هلاقم : 6 / 2 / 88 هلاقم شريذپ خيرات : 6 / 11 / 88 يشهوژپ هلاقم

The specificationof nano-structure superficial layers in some of the pathogen bacteria

Abstract: همدقم هـيلا صاـخ طيارـش لـمحت و قـيبطت يارـب يلماـع يياشـغ جراـخ ياـه يراكورپ يارب يكيژولوكا تو يـم بوسـحم اه نآ زا و دنوـش يماـمت هـك اـج شنكاو زتنس و اه ب يرتكاب رد اه ه هـب لولس حطس زا هك تسا يتاعلاطا ةطساو يم لاسرا لخاد رد ددرگ طيـحم اـب يرتكاـب يطاـبترا و يسـح لـپ اهنت عقاو شنوــ ماريپ يــ م يرتكاــ ب يحطــس ياهراتخاــ س دنــشاب . 1 يلولــ س ياهراتخاــ س ءاشغ زا لكشتم يتويراكورپ جراـخ ياهراتخاـس و مسلاپوتيس ،يمسلاپوتيس هراويد يم يا زا دنترابع هك دنشاب : سكيلاكوكيلگ ) لوسپك ( رات ،هژات ،كژات ، يحطس هيلا و ) S-layer ( . لوادـتم زا يـكي ،دـيدرگ صخشـم قـيقحت هـهد هس زا شيب ماجنا اب نيرـت يشرآ رثكا رد دوجوم يحطس ياهراتخاس يرتكاـب و اـه زا تـسا تراـبع اـه ي هيلا كت ،يلاتسيرك راتخاس ك ريز زا هك يا اـي يـنيئتورپ هباشـم ياهدحاو ـب ينيئتورپوكيلگ ه يجراـخ و تـسا هدـمآ دوـجو يلولـس هراوـيد هـيلا نيرـت يم دشاب . زا ،تـسا هدـش داهنشـيپ راتخاـس نـيا يارـب يـفلتخم يماسا نونك ات نآ هلمج يم اه تسـيركارف نيئتورپ ،مظنم راتخاس هب ناوت يحطـس راتخاـس ،يلا هدـيمان يحطـس ةـيلا ،راتخاـس نيا هزورما اما درك هراشا ييايرتكاب يلاتسيرك يم دوش ) ريوصت 1 ( . 6 2 نيئتورپ رايسـب يـطيحم لـماوع رـبارب رد يحطـس ياه هدش رادياپ يتروص رد ،دنا نيئتورپ هك يجراـخ لـماوع هـب تبسـن يلخاد ياه يم ساسح تظفاحم يلولس ششوپ طسوت و دنشاب يم دنوش . ريوصت 1 : سوئرس سوليساب رد يحطس هيلا ) (S=S-layer 23

Effect of smoking on postprandial hypertriglyceridemia

Abstract: Background: Smokers have recently been shown to be insulin resistant and to exhibit several characteristics of the insulin resistance syndrome that could increase postprandial triglyceridemia. Postprandial hypertriglyceridemia could increase coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. In this study, we assessed fasting and postprandial triglyceride levels in healthy, normolipidaemic, chronic smokers and a matched group of nonsmoking individuals. Methods and Materials: We evaluated 78 subjects with simple sampling in case-control study. 39 were smoker and 39 nonsmokers. All of them had normal lipid and glycemic profile and had BMI between 19 and 29.9. The subjects didn't have history of CAD or previously elevated fasting TG>150mg/dl, FBS>100mg/dl, age>60or<30, or alcoholic drinking. Then we give them 60 gm butter and triglyceride level was checked one and six hours postprandial. Between these times the subjects should not eat anything except water and smokers were allowed to smoke. All data analyzed with T-test and for repeated data ANOVA with SPSS software. Results: In our study was shown that TG levels among women and men had no significant difference (p=0.403). There was a significant difference among fasting TG, one hour postprandial and six hours postprandial in both groups(p<0.001). Also the changing rate of lipid from fasting state to one and six hours postprandial, among smokers and nonsmokers was significantly different (p<0.001). Conclusion: We concluded that smoking can change lipid profile in normolipemic subjects; and smokers with normal fasting triglyceride have more elevated levels of postprandial triglyceride in compared to nonsmokers. Postprandial hypertriglyceridemia has been an important factor for cardiovascular disease, then smoking can increase cardiovascular disease risk in this way. (ZJRMS, 12(1):14-19)

The Alterations of Serum Cortisol Level and Blood Count in Male Rats after a Short Term Exposure to Burned Radioactive Lantern Mantle Powder

Abstract: Background: Most lantern mantles contain low levels of radioactive thorium. Although radioactive lantern mantles present a minimal radiation health hazard, it is generally believed when inhaled or ingested, it can be dangerous. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of short term exposure to radioactive lantern mantle on serum cortisol level and blood count. Materials and Methods This experimental study was conducted in 2007-2009 in the school of medicine of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. Twenty eight rats were divided randomly into two groups of 14 animals each. The first group was exposed to 600 mg burned radioactive lantern mantle powder (activity of 800Bq) for 24 hours and inhaled radon released from mantles. The second group was exposed to non-radioactive lantern mantle powder at the same interval. Paired t-test was used to evaluate the difference in the means of cortisol and blood cell count in both groups. P<0.05 was considered as the significance level. Results: Short term exposure of animals to radioactive lantern mantle powder led to a statistically significant decreased cortisol level, while no statistically significant decrease was found in animals that were exposed to non-radioactive mantle powder. Furthermore, a significant reduction was shown in post-exposure counts of WBC in the case group. Conclusions: Despite alteration of serum cortisol level, this study could not show stimulatory effects in some blood counts.

Effect of Contemporary Exposure to Mixed Organic Solvents and Occupational Noise on Hearing Thresholds of Workers

Abstract: Background: Mixed organic solvent exposure, as well as noise, has a wide spread in different industries. In recent years it has been propounded that simultaneous exposure to mixed organic solvents and occupational noise can establish a hearing loss that is more severe than hearing loss due to exposure to each of them separately. Materials & Methods: A descriptive- analytic study was conducted during 2008 in an automobile industry on 441 employees in three different groups. First group were assembly workers that only exposed to noise. The second group included employees in new painting saloon that exposed not only to noise but also to permissible levels of mixed organic solvents and the third group were employees in old painting saloon that exposed to noise and mixed organic solvents in more than threshold limit value (TLV) level. The prevalence of hearing loss was compared between three groups on the basis of model 1 (mean hearing threshold in frequencies 0.5, 1 and 2 KHz more than 25dB) and model 2 (mean hearing threshold in frequencies 3, 4, 6 and 8 KHz more than 25dB). Results: a ccording to model 2, in workers exposed to noise in addition to mixed organic solvents, the rate of hearing loss, was significantly higher than workers exposed to noise alone (P<0.05), even after adjusting for confounding variables using logistic regression analysis (OR= 4.12 , P<0.001). Conclusion: In workers with simultaneous exposure to mixed organic solvents and noise, special attention must be paid to accurate accomplishment of hearing conservation programs including doing audiometric exams in shorter periods and take advantage of hearing protection devices with higher noise reduction rate (NRR).