Journal ArticleDOI
A comparison of three methods of extracting resonance information from predictor-coefficient coded speech
TLDR
In this paper, three methods of extracting resonance information from predictor-coefficient coded speech are compared: finding roots of the polynomial in the denominator of the transfer function using Newton iteration, picking peaks in the spectrum of the transferred function, and picking peaks on the negative of the second derivative of the spectrum.Abstract:
Three methods of extracting resonance information from predictor-coefficient coded speech are compared. The methods are finding roots of the polynomial in the denominator of the transfer function using Newton iteration, picking peaks in the spectrum of the transfer function, and picking peaks in the negative of the second derivative of the spectrum. A relationship was found between the bandwidth of a resonance and the magnitude of the second derivative peak. Data, accumulated from a total of about two minutes of running speech from both female and male talkers, are presented illustrating the relative effectiveness of each method in locating resonances. The second-derivative method was shown to locate about 98 percent of the significant resonances while the simple peak-picking method located about 85 percent.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Modeling the perception of concurrent vowels: Vowels with the same fundamental frequency
TL;DR: The hypothesis that the auditory system pays particular attention to the frequencies of spectral peaks, and possibly also of shoulders, when identifying vowels is supported, suggesting that the spectral peaks and shoulders can indicate thefrequency of formants when other aspects of spectral shape are obscured by competing sounds.
Journal ArticleDOI
Kalman-based autoregressive moving average modeling and inference for formant and antiformant tracking.
TL;DR: Extended Kalman (K) algorithms take advantage of a linearized mapping to infer formant and antiformant parameters from frame-based estimates of autoregressive moving average (ARMA) cepstral coefficients to provide both point estimates and associated uncertainties of center frequencies and bandwidths in a statistically principled state-space framework.
Journal ArticleDOI
Linear prediction in cascade form
Leland B. Jackson,S. Wood +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, an inverse digital filter in cascade form was proposed to estimate pole locations in the system model to be readily estimated and constrained, and the adaptive solution of the corresponding nonlinear normal equations was described.
Journal ArticleDOI
KARMA: Kalman-based autoregressive moving average modeling and inference for formant and antiformant tracking
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide both point estimates and associated uncertainties of center frequencies and bandwidths in a statistically principled state-space framework, which enables practitioners to recognize time-varying confidence in parameters of interest and adjust algorithm settings accordingly.
Journal ArticleDOI
Integrated speech training system for hearing impaired
TL;DR: In this article, a self-training program for hearing impaired persons has been developed to help them correct errors using a linear predictive analysis, vocal tract lateral shapes and log spectra are estimated.
References
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Book
Speech Analysis, Synthesis and Perception
TL;DR: A second edition was begun in 1970, the aim was to retain the original format, but to expand the content, especially in the areas of digital communications and com puter techniques for speech signal processing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Speech analysis and synthesis by linear prediction of the speech wave.
B. S. Atal,Suzanne L. Hanauer +1 more
TL;DR: Application of this method for efficient transmission and storage of speech signals as well as procedures for determining other speechcharacteristics, such as formant frequencies and bandwidths, the spectral envelope, and the autocorrelation function, are discussed.
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Cepstrum Pitch Determination
TL;DR: Algorithms were developed heuristically for picking those peaks corresponding to voiced‐speech segments and the vocal pitch periods, which were then used to derive the excitation for a computer‐simulated channel vocoder.
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A comparative performance study of several pitch detection algorithms
TL;DR: A comparative performance study of seven pitch detection algorithms was conducted, consisting of eight utterances spoken by three males, three females, and one child, to assess their relative performance as a function of recording condition, and pitch range of the various speakers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Average magnitude difference function pitch extractor
TL;DR: The implementation of the AMDF pitch extractor (nonreal-time simulation and real-time) is described and experimental results presented to illustrate its basic measurement properties.