Some view the spiritual path as a journey that involves coming to terms with the meaning of life and the universe. Others think of spirituality in terms of their relationship to the divine. This relationship is explored in many ways and involves unseen elements beyond our day-to-day reality such as: transcendent purpose, universal force, God, field of love or creative spirit. For others, wonder is central to their spirituality; First Nation’s People speak about “The Great Mystery.” Still others emphasize the emptiness of the concepts that are used to describe the transcendent; words and concepts are depicted as fingers pointing to the moon but not the moon itself. We are diverse in our spiritual orientations and some of us have a well-defined story about what spirituality is; some of us do not. Some receive guidance from a particular spiritual perspective and may be pretty clear about the importance of God or Jesus in their lives, and some of us are scared by these very words themselves. There is a structure to the course that will guide us as we explore and learn together. The first area of emphasis is called: Having the Conversation. Many people we work with find that spirituality is a great source of strength, hope, healing, inner peace and life wisdom. On the macro level, spirituality may be a primary force in the forging of community action or the development of services. As responsible social workers, we need to have the conversation with people about the role that spirituality may or may not be playing in their lives as well as the role that it could possibly play. This conversation is scary for many of us and we have probably received little preparation to engage in this way. Some of us are alienated from our parents’ spiritual traditions. This alienation perhaps stems from religious rituals that seemed empty. Some of us are deeply spiritual and religious and we are afraid of imposing our beliefs – so we keep our mouths shut about anything spiritual. Some of us are of a minority religious tradition and feel too ignorant or intimidated to engage with someone who, for example, may be Christian. Some of us may be comfortable and effective with the whole matter and those classmates can lead us.

A study of the Port of New York Authority

I. Course Description

PORT OF CALL OR PORT OF CONFLICT: THE EVOLUTION OF THE PORT OF NEW YORK AND NEW JERSEY, PORT-CITY RELATIONSHIPS, AND THE POTENTIAL FOR LAND USE CONFLICTS ON THE NEWARK BAY WATERFRONT by Colette Santasieri This dissertation, a case study of the Port of New York and New Jersey, covers three major research topics: 1) the evolution of the port spanning a period of over 200 years; 2) the relationship between the port (and the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey) and five municipalities on Newark Bay; and 3) the potential for land use conflicts between the commercial port operations and redeveloping waterfronts for non-industrial uses. Research about the historical evolution of the Port of New York and New Jersey centers exclusively on the waterfronts and facilities on the Hudson and East Rivers and Upper New York Bay. Sources of information include books, news articles, journal articles, government reports, maps and photographs. The contemporary port-city relationship is studied with respect to the port and the Port Authority, and the municipalities of Elizabeth, Newark, Kearny, Jersey City and Bayonne. Sources of information include news articles, government reports and interviews with local elected officials and staff and representatives from advocacy groups, state agencies, and businesses. Potential for land use conflicts in the Newark Bay area between the commercial port operations and redeveloping waterfronts for nonindustrial uses is explored using the same sources as topic 2, with the addition of journal articles and site observations. In this research, the Port-city Evolution Model by Hoyle is tested on the evolution of the Port of New York and New Jersey and is found to be too general and attends only to the relationship between one port and one city. The scale, scope and level of complexity of the Port of New York and New Jersey do not fit the model’s general framework. A new model, derived from this research, captures the evolution of the Port of New York and New Jersey, taking into account the complexity of this port, which has: multiple cargo handling terminals in multiple municipalities in two states; multiple and different port-city relationships that have several relational aspects; and multiple forces shaping the port’s evolution. Analysis of the relationship between the port (and the Port Authority) and five Newark Bay municipalities reveals dynamic, multifaceted associations characterized not only by spatial and functional aspects, but also by economic, political, and societal aspects. The final stage of Hoyle’s Port-city Evolution Model suggests that portcity associations are being renewed. One aspect of the contemporary portcity relationship is conflict between an operating port and redeveloping waterfronts. Research on the Newark Bay area reveals no observable or reported conflicts. However, the potential for conflict exists. Future conflicts could include daily friction from incompatible land uses and loss of waterfront property for commercial maritime use. These conflicts can be exacerbated by the multiplicity of stakeholders involved in waterfront development and port operations. The Port of New York and New Jersey Port-city Evolution Model, derived from this study, adds to the body of literature regarding not only how ports have grown and changed over time but also the causes and consequences of that growth and those changes. This dissertation extends Hoyle’s general and narrowly focused model. It is a comprehensive account of the evolution of the Port of New York and New Jersey that weaves together myriad political, economic, regulatory, commercial, global and societal events, issues and actions into a complex tale. The complexity of this tale mirrors the complexity of this port’s history and conditions in 2011. PORT OF CALL OR PORT OF CONFLICT: THE EVOLUTION OF THE PORT OF NEW YORK AND NEW JERSEY, PORT-CITY RELATIONSHIPS, AND THE POTENTIAL FOR LAND USE CONFLICTS ON THE NEWARK BAY WATERFRONT by Colette Santasieri A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of New Jersey Institute of Technology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey – Newark And The University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Urban Systems

background

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Port of call or port of conflict: the evolution of the port of New York and New Jersey, port-city relationships, and the potential for land use conflicts on the Newark bay waterfront

This point should particularly be kept in mind when people consider the possibility of charging existing governmental organizations that may have an excellent record in executing their existing tasks, with new tasks. Because of the peculiar nature of the organization itself, or of its environment, it may not respond well to such new tasks, especially if they are of a different nature from the existing ones. This may result in disappointing performance of the

A study of the Port of New York Authority

Citations

I. Course Description

Port of call or port of conflict: the evolution of the port of New York and New Jersey, port-city relationships, and the potential for land use conflicts on the Newark bay waterfront

The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey: An appraisal of the public-authority device in American State Government

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