Journal ArticleDOI
Acoustical consequences of lip, tongue, jaw, and larynx movement.
Björn Lindblom,Johan Sundberg +1 more
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TLDR
A quantitative model of the human vocal tract that has been constructed with a view towards finding a set of parameters that are physiologically “natural” and capable of generating most of the vowel qualities known to occur in the languages of the world is described.Abstract:
An articulatory model is presented. It defines a procedure for deriving a set of formant frequencies from information on the state of the lip muscles, the position of the jaw, the shape and position of the tongue body, and larynx height. The acoustic and auditory consequences of varying these parameters individually are reported. The introduction of the jaw as a separate parameter—a feature not used in previous articulatory models—makes it possible to explain why “openness” occurs as a universal phonetic feature of vowel production. According to the explanation proposed, the degree of opening of a vowel corresponds to a position of the jaw that is optimized in the sense that it cooperates with the tongue in producing the desired area function. Such cooperation prevents excessive tongue shape deformation. Our results suggest that, in order to reflect this principle of articulatory synergism, “tongue height,” although primary with respect to its acoustic consequences, should be represented as a derived feature characteristic of the final vocal‐tract configuration.read more
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Book ChapterDOI
Explaining Phonetic Variation: A Sketch of the H&H Theory
Björn Lindblom,Björn Lindblom +1 more
TL;DR: In the H&H program the quest for phonetic invariance is replaced by another research task: Explicating the notion of sufficient discriminability and defining the class of speech signals that meet that criterion.
Book ChapterDOI
1 On the Concept of Coordinative Structures as Dissipative Structures: I. Theoretical Lines of Convergence*
TL;DR: Evidence is provided suggesting that one classically-defined source of information for movement, namely proprioception, may not be dimension-specific in its contribution to coordination and control.
Journal ArticleDOI
Numerical Simulation of Vowel Quality Systems: The Role of Perceptual Contrast
Journal ArticleDOI
Brain organization for language from the perspective of electrical stimulation mapping
TL;DR: A model for the organization of language in the adult humans brain is derived from electrical stimulation mapping of several language-related functions: naming, reading, short-term verbal memory, mimicry of orofacial movements, and phoneme identification during neurosurgical operations under local anesthesia as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
358,534 nonwords: The ARC Nonword Database
TL;DR: A model of the phonotactic and orthographic constraints of Australian and Standard Southern British English monosyllables is presented, which is used as the basis for a web-based psycholinguistic resource, the ARC Nonword Database, which contains 358,534monosyllabic nonwords—48, 534 pseudohomophones and 310,000 non-pseudohomphonic nonwords.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Lip Positions in American English Vowels
TL;DR: In this article, three kinds of data were used in an attempt to determine the parameters of characteristic lip positions in a range of American English vowels: (1) standardized simultaneous frontal and lateral photographs; (2) lateral x-rays; (3) plaster casts of a subject's lips.
Journal ArticleDOI
An Electromyographic Study of the Tongue During Vowel Production
TL;DR: Surface electromyograms were recorded from 13 locations on the tongue of one subject during production of 17 different types of [p]-vowel-[p] monosyllables.
Journal ArticleDOI
Experimental Investigations of the Muscular Control of the Tongue in Speech
Timothy S. Smith,Minoru Hirano +1 more
TL;DR: Using thin-wire bipolar electrodes, electromyographic recordings have been obtained from selected extrinsic muscles of the tongue and suprahyoid muscles as discussed by the authors, and the relationship of the data to models of speech production has been discussed.