Journal ArticleDOI
An analysis of water flow in dry snow
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In this paper, the equations describing water movement in a dry snow cover are derived, and examples of flow through ripe, refrozen, and fresh snows are given, showing that the grain size of snow has a large effect on the timing of water discharge.Abstract:
The equations describing water movement in a dry snow cover are derived, and examples of flow through ripe, refrozen, and fresh snows are given. The grain size of snow has a large effect on the timing of water discharge. Water is retained by dry snow to raise its temperature and satisfy the irreducible water saturation. These requirements delay and reduce runoff following rain on dry snow.read more
Citations
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A theory for the scalar roughness and the scalar transfer coefficients over snow and sea ice
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a theoretical model that predicts neutral-stability values of CH and CE as functions of the wind speed and a surface roughness parameter, which is used to establish the interfacial sublayer profiles of the scalars, temperature and water vapor, over aerodynamically smooth and rough surfaces.
Journal ArticleDOI
Slower snowmelt in a warmer world
TL;DR: The authors showed that shallower snowpack melts earlier, and at lower rates, than deeper, later-lying snow cover, and that the fraction of meltwater volume produced at high snowmelt rates is greatly reduced in a warmer climate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Wetting front advance and freezing of meltwater within a snow cover: 1. Observations in the Canadian Arctic
Philip Marsh,Ming-ko Woo +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors showed that when the wetting front reached premelt stratigraphic horizons, water ponded at the interface and then flow fingers developed and penetrated the lower stratum.
Slower snowmelt in a warmer world
TL;DR: This paper showed that shallower snowpack melts earlier, and at lower rates, than deeper, later-lying snow cover, and that the fraction of meltwater volume produced at high snowmelt rates is greatly reduced in a warmer climate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Retention of Greenland runoff by refreezing: Implications for projected future sea level change
TL;DR: In this paper, a model is presented which describes in a simple way the transient process of infiltration, refreezing, and runoff in a future warming climate, applied to Greenland, for which predictions of runoff-induced sea level rise that do not consider the residual water content of the firn are as much as 5.0 cm too high over 150 years.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The transmission of water through snow
TL;DR: In this paper, an instrument which makes use of the difference in the dielectric constants of ice and water was constructed and used to detect small changes in the liquid water present in a snow pack.
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The capillary effects on water percolation in homogeneous snow
TL;DR: A theoretical basis for introducing capillary effects into the theory of water percolation through snow is given in this article, where a capillary pressure-liquid saturation relationship found in the laboratory is used together with the theory to make a quantitative examination of capillary effect.
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A theory for water flow through a layered snowpack
TL;DR: In this paper, a natural snowpack with ice layers is described in terms of an equivalent anisotropic porous medium, represented as a diagonalized matrix whose principal values can be calculated from a small amount of information about the prototype snowpack.
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The dynamics of liquid water in deep snow-packs
TL;DR: In this article, the hydromechanic and dynamic potentials which influence the retention and discharge of water by the snow-mantle have been studied and a solution of the snowmelt problem which will improve the forecasting of floods as well as forecasting of agricultural and industrial water-supplies is proposed.