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Patent

Assessment of the condition of fruit and vegetables

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TLDR
In this paper, an assembly for measuring the condition of fruit and vegetables is disclosed which comprises an expandable resilient bellows arrangement (10) having a passive sensor (22) mounted therein.
Abstract
An assembly for measuring the condition of fruit and vegetable is disclosed which comprises an expandable resilient bellows arrangement (10) having a passive sensor (22) mounted therein. In use, the bellows (10) can be expanded so as to bring the passive sensor (22) into contact with, or adjacent to, an item of fruit or vegatable whereby the sensor can react to a property of the fruit or vegetable and produces a signal related to that property. The bellows (10) can then be contracted away from the fruit or vegetable. The sensor (22) can detect the properties of, for example, surface gas detection, chlorophyll fluorescence, visible and Near Infra Red spectrometry and charge transfer. An arrangement is also disclosed in which a plurality of bellows (10) are mounted on a rotatable mounting (510) whereby by rotation of the mounting (510), the bellows (10) can be brought sequentially into a position in contact with, or adjacent to, a respective fruit or vegetable.

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Citations
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Apparatus and method for measuring and correlating characteristics of fruit with visible/near infra-red spectrum

TL;DR: In this paper, the utilization of the spectrum from 250 nm to 1150 nm for measurement or prediction of one or more parameters, e.g., brix, firmness, acidity, density, pH, color and external and internal defects and disorders including, for example, surface and subsurface bruises, scarring, sun scald, punctures, including fruit, was discussed.
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Method and device for determining the hardness/elasticity and/or other properties of vegetables or fruit

TL;DR: In this article, a method for determining the hardness of a vegetable or a fruit is presented, wherein the fruit is rotated and an impactor element is brought into contact with the fruit or the vegetable a number of times, and the impact of the respective impactor elements is measured to determine the hardness over at least a portion of the surface thereof.
References
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Patent

Method and apparatus for automatically inspecting and classifying different objects

Kalman Peleg
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a conveying system for automated inspection and classification of a variety of natural or man made product classes, having various geometrical configurations, e.g. spheroidal, spherical, cylindrical, parallelepiped, disc and plate shaped objects.
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Olfactory sensor identification system and method

TL;DR: In this paper, an artificial olfactory system is used for rapidly identifying an object by its odour by using an array of gas sensors in a testing chamber, where the odour of the object is mixed with the air and then exposed to the array of sensors to produce a sensor pattern capable of being identified using pattern recognition techniques.
Journal ArticleDOI

Fruit ripeness determination by electronic sensing of aromatic volatiles

TL;DR: In this article, a sniffer for determining fruit ripeness based on electronic sensing of gas emissions was developed, which was tested on three muskmelon cultivars over two growing seasons.
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Non-destructive firmness measuring device

TL;DR: In this article, a firmness measuring device for non-destructive testing of compliant or soft objects, such as fruit, with rough surfaces is disclosed, consisting of a fluid supply means (25) with pressure regulating means (30) that define an impulsive air-jet generating unit (20); a means, including accumulator (35), solenoid valve (40) and nozzle (45), including accumulators, and a analyzer unit (120) with means to determine the amount of deformation of the surface caused by the fluid jet, as based on the change
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Gas sensor for detecting gases generated from food products

TL;DR: In this paper, a gas sensor for detecting a gas component from a food item includes a sensing layer having an electrical resistance value that varies in accordance with the concentration and type of the gas component generated from the food item to detect the component, first and second electrodes coupled across the sensing layer and connected to a power supply.