Journal ArticleDOI
Barley yellow dwarf viruses in, and aphids on, grasses (including cereals) in Tasmania
PL Guy,GR Johnstone,DI Morris +2 more
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TLDR
There was no difference in the level of infection between the native and introduced species that were represented, but the Arundinoideae and Panicoideae were predominantly infected with RPV types, while the Pooideae, with the exception of Dactylis glomerata and Poa pratensis, were mainly infected with PAV types.Abstract:
Samples of 2077 grasses and cereal plants representative of the Poaceae found in Tasmania were collected from a wide range of habitats throughout the State. Each sample was examined for infestation with aphids and then checked for infection with viruses causing barley yellow dwarf by both aphid transmission and serological tests. Aphid species found among the samples were Hyalopterus pruni, Rhopalosiphum maidis, R. padi and Sitobion fragariae. R. padi transmitted a vector non-specific type of barley yellow dwarf (PAV) and a vector specific type (RPV), either alone or together, while S. fragariae transmitted PAV alone and occasionally RPV when present in plants together with PAV. The other aphid species did not transmit. A total of 189 samples contained virus. Incidence was greatest in samples from the Bambusoideae subfamily (31%) and least in the Arundinoideae (4%). There was no difference in the level of infection between the native and introduced species that were represented. The Arundinoideae and Panicoideae were predominantly infected with RPV types, while the Pooideae, with the exception of Dactylis glomerata and Poa pratensis, were predominantly infected with PAV types. Many more infected plants contained both PAV and RPV (11.9%) than would have been expected had the two types of virus infected independently (2.5%). No infected plants were found among samples from 25 of the 56 species tested, and some of these may prove useful in breeding for resistance to barley yellow dwarf viruses.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Virus infection in remnant native bunchgrasses from invaded California grasslands.
TL;DR: The results suggest that apparent competition and other virus-mediated processes may influence interactions among native and exotic grasses and potentially contribute to shifts in grassland community composition.
Journal ArticleDOI
The expanding field of plant virus ecology: historical foundations, knowledge gaps, and research directions.
TL;DR: There is a broad need to integrate consideration of plant viruses into ecological research and theory, and to expand ecological perspectives in virology to include new methods and disciplines in ecology, such as ecosystem ecology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Barley yellow dwarf viruses (BYDVs) preserved in herbarium specimens illuminate historical disease ecology of invasive and native grasses
Carolyn M. Malmstrom,Ruijie Shu,Ruijie Shu,Eric W. Linton,Eric W. Linton,Linsey Newton,Meridith A. Cook +6 more
TL;DR: Herbarium evidence and phylogenetic analysis suggest that BYDVs were likely to have been present in wild grasses during the California grassland invasion and to have shared some functional characteristics with present-day isolates, supporting the disease facilitation hypothesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Virus infection and grazing exert counteracting influences on survivorship of native bunchgrass seedlings competing with invasive exotics.
TL;DR: The findings show that B/CYDVs can be potentially powerful elements influencing species interactions in natural grasslands, and demonstrate the potential significance of multitrophic interactions in virus ecology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Endophytic fungus decreases plant virus infections in meadow ryegrass (Lolium pratense).
TL;DR: Endophyte infection may protect meadow ryegrass from BYDV infections, which is transferred by aphids, which may be deterred by endophyte-origin alkaloids within the plant.
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