Journal ArticleDOI
Control of blood pressure by carotid sinus baroreceptors in human beings
Giuseppe Mancia,Alberto U. Ferrari,Luisa Gregorini,Gianfranco Parati,M C Ferrari,Guido Pomidossi,Alberto Zanchetti +6 more
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TLDR
It was found that in human hypertension the carotid baroreflex mechanism controlling blood pressure undergoes a very marked resetting but shows no major reduction in sensitivity, implying that in severe hypertension the reflex shows an asymmetry opposite to that in normotensive subjects.Abstract:
Most techniques available for studying arterial baroreflexes in man are unsuitable for analysis of the primary function of these reflexes, that is, arterial pressure control. Such control can be evaluated during increases and decreases in carotid baroreceptor activity obtained with a variable pressure neck chamber. This study reviews some technical aspects of the technique and describes the influence the carotid baroreceptors exert on arterial pressure in normotensive subjects and in those with essential hypertension. Major differences can be found in the two populations. In normotensive subjects the change in blood pressure is greater with a decrease than with an increase in baroreceptor activity. The former response becomes progressively less and the latter progressively greater with increasingly high blood pressure, so that in severe hypertension the reflex shows an asymmetry opposite to that in normotensive subjects, the change in blood pressure being greater with an increase than with a decrease in baroreceptor activity. These results imply that in human hypertension the carotid baroreflex mechanism controlling blood pressure undergoes a very marked resetting but shows no major reduction in sensitivity. In hypertensive subjects cardiac output and peripheral resistance were also measured. It was found that the depressor response to an increase in carotid baroreceptor activity depends on both a reduction in cardiac output and a systemic vasodilatation. However, peripheral vasoconstriction is the only factor accounting for the pressor response to reduced baroreceptor activity.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Comparison of finger and intra-arterial blood pressure monitoring at rest and during laboratory testing.
TL;DR: Beat-to-beat blood pressure recording via FINAPRES provides an accurate estimate of means and variability of radial blood pressure in groups of subjects and represents in most cases an acceptable alternative to invasive blood pressure monitoring during laboratory studies.
OtherDOI
Arterial Baroreflexes in Humans
Giuseppe Mancia,Allyn L. Mark +1 more
TL;DR: The sections in this article are: Carotid Sinus Massage, Arterial Baroreceptor Control of Heart Rate, and Modification of Arteria Baroreflexes by Drugs.
OtherDOI
Interaction of Cardiovascular Reflexes in Circulatory Control
Francois M. Abboud,M. D. Thames +1 more
TL;DR: The sections in this article are: Determinants of Neurogenic Control, Clinical Implications, and Types of Interactions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Baroreflex sensitivity and cardiovascular mortality in patients with mild to moderate heart failure.
Karl Josef Osterziel,Dankward Hänlein,Roland Willenbrock,C. Eichhorn,Friedrich C. Luft,Rainer Dietz +5 more
TL;DR: Low vagal tone is correlated with a poor prognosis in patients with heart failure and only systolic blood pressure and plasma noradrenaline values predicted survival, according to a Cox proportional hazards regression method.
Journal ArticleDOI
The sympathetic system in hypertension. State-of-the-art review.
TL;DR: Increased renal afferent nerve activity may provoke an increase in sympathetic activity and provide a link between natriuretic factors and the sympathetic nervous system in hypertension.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of age and high blood pressure on baroreflex sensitivity in man.
TL;DR: Eight subjects who had normal blood pressure at the time of testing but whose pressure had been elevated in the past, had reflex sensitivities significantly less than expected in persons of the same age and mean arterial pressure.
Book ChapterDOI
Importance of adaptive changes in vascular design for establishment of primary hypertension, studied in man and in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Journal ArticleDOI
Baroceptor Function in Chronic Renal Hypertension
TL;DR: The results of these experiments indicate that the carotid and aortic baroceptor mechanisms are reset to the hypertensive pressure levels of animals with chronic perinephritic hypertension and are, presumably, an important component in the mechanism of chronic renal hypertension.