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Patent

D flip-flop

Chi-Wah Kok, +1 more
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TLDR
In this paper, a D flip-flop with a half-static slave stage or a master stage with clock gating by the input and output is described. But the clock gated circuit, which may comprise an XNOR gate, reduces the frequency of switching events by permitting clock pulses to pass into the master or slave stage only when the inputs and outputs are at the same logical state.
Abstract
A D flip-flop with a reduced power product or reduced clock line capacitance is disclosed. The flip-flop includes a half-static slave stage or a master stage with clock gating by the input and output. The half-static slave stage an output inverter and a feedback element consisting of a single switching transistor having a gate connected to the output of the flip-flop and the input of the inverter as its load. The clock gating circuit, which may comprise an XNOR gate, reduces the frequency of switching events by permitting clock pulses to pass into the master or slave stage only when the input and output of the flip-flop are at the same logical state.

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References
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Patent

Multi-threshold mos circuits

TL;DR: A multi-threshold flip-flop (100a) includes a master latch (110), a slave latch (120), and at least one control switch as discussed by the authors, which can operate at high speed, has low leakage current, and can save the logic state when disabled.
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Reducing power and area consumption of gated clock enabled flip flops

TL;DR: In this paper, a master latch implemented to receive feedback from a slave latch on a different input terminal than a input terminal on which data bits are received is used to minimize the number of transistors/area and/or power consumption requirements in implementing a flip-flop.
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