Open Access
Design and wind tunnel tests of winglets on a DC-10 wing
TLDR
In this article, a wind tunnel test utilizing a 4.7 percent scale semi-span model in the Langley Research Center 8-foot transonic pressure wind tunnel was conducted to evaluate the performance of the DC-10 wide body transport aircraft.Abstract:
Results are presented of a wind tunnel test utilizing a 4.7 percent scale semi-span model in the Langley Research Center 8-foot transonic pressure wind tunnel to establish the cruise drag improvement potential of winglets as applied to the DC-10 wide body transport aircraft. Winglets were investigated on both the DC-10 Series 10 (domestic) and 30/40 (intercontinental) configurations and compared with the Series 30/40 configuration. The results of the investigation confirm that for the DC-10 winglets provide approximately twice the cruise drag reduction of wing-tip extensions for about the same increase in bending moment at the wing fuselage juncture. Furthermore, the winglet configurations achieved drag improvements which were in close agreement to analytical estimates. It was observed that relatively small changes in wing-winglet tailoring effected large improvements in drag and visual flow characteristics. All final winglet configurations exhibited visual flow characteristics on the wing and wingletsread more
Citations
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Natural laminar flow experiments on modern airplane surfaces
TL;DR: In this article, a series of flight and wind-tunnel natural laminar flow experiments have been conducted on various lifting and nonlifting surfaces of several airplanes at unit Reynolds numbers between 0.63 x 10 to the 6th power/ft and 3.08x 10 to 6th Power/ft, at Mach numbers from 0.1 to 0.7, and at lifting surface leading edge sweep angles from 0 deg to 63 deg.
Journal ArticleDOI
Observations and implications of natural laminar flow on practical airplane surfaces
Bruce J. Holmes,C. J. Obara +1 more
TL;DR: The results of natural laminar flow (NLF) experiments conducted by NASA to determine if modern aircraft structures can benefit from NLF as do sailplanes are presented in this article.
Patent
Split blended winglet
TL;DR: A split winglet as discussed by the authors is a winglet having a first generally upward projecting wing end and a second generally downward projected wing end, which may be integrally formed or separately attached onto an existing upwardly curved winglet.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of Winglets on Performance and Handling Qualities of General Aviation Aircraft
TL;DR: Flight and wind tunnel evaluations of winglets mounted on general aviation airplanes have shown improvements in cruise fuel efficiency, and climbing and turning performance, and some of these analyses have also uncovered various effects of winglet on airplane handling qualities.
Multidisciplinary design optimization of an active nonplanar polymorphing wing
TL;DR: In this article, multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) has been performed on the retrofitting of a morphing wing system to an existing conventionally designed commercial passenger jet to confirm initial findings using high-end, low-fidelity aero-structural analysis together with a full engine model and integrated operational performance algorithm.
References
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A design approach and selected wind tunnel results at high subsonic speeds for wing-tip mounted winglets
TL;DR: In this paper, a discussion of the considerations involved in the design of the winglets; measured effects of these surfaces on the aerodynamic forces, moments, and loads for a representative first generation, narrow body jet transport wing; and a comparison of these effects with those for a wing tip extension which results in approximately the same increase in bending moment at the wing-fuselage juncture as did the addition of winglets.
Simplified method for determination of critical height of distributed roughness particles for boundary-layer transition at Mach numbers from 0 to 5
Albert L Braslow,Eugene C Knox +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a simplified method was devised for the determination of the critical height of three-dimensional roughness particles required to promote premature transition of a laminar boundary layer on models of airplanes or airplane components.
The International System of Units: Physical Constants and Conversion Factors. Second Revision
TL;DR: In this paper, the physical constants, conversion factors, names, symbols, and definitions in the International System of Units are presented, covering the physical constant, conversion factor, and conversion factor.
A high subsonic speed wind tunnel investigation of winglets on a representative second-generation jet transport wing
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of winglets on the aerodynamic forces and moments, loads, and crossflow velocities behind the wing tip are discussed, and the results of the investigation indicate that winglets significantly reduce the drag coefficient at lifting conditions.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
A lifting surface theory for the analysis of nonplanar lifting systems
TL;DR: In this paper, a nonlinear, nonplanar lifting surface theory is presented, where the effects of wing thickness are neglected, but none of the usual small perturbation assumptions inherent in most other lifting surface theories are made.