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Journal ArticleDOI

Die ungestörte knäueldimension von polyacrylnitril unter berücksichtigung des einflusses der polymerisationstemperatur

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TLDR
In this paper, the effect of polymerization temperature on the molecular conformation of polyacrylonitrile was investigated. But the results were not analyzed with aid of the recent viscosity theory of StOCKCMAYER and FIXMAN.
Abstract
Um den Einflus der Polymerisationstemperatur auf die Molekulformation des Polyacrylnitrils zu untersuchen, werden zwei Praparate bei zwei verschiedenen Temperaturen unter Verwendung eines Redoxsystems hergestellt. Die Molekulargewichte von sieben Fraktionen des bei −30°C hergestellten Polymerisates („T„-Reihe) und von sechs Fraktionen des bei +60°C gewonnenen („S„-Reihe) werden nach dem Ultrazentrifugen-Verfahren von ARCHIBALD bestimmt. Zwischen der Viskositatszahl in Dimethylformamid (DMF) und dem Molekulargewicht gelten folgende Beziehungen: Die Viskositatsgleichung fur die „S„-Reihe stimmt mit der von CLELAND und STOCKMAYER sehr gut uberein. Die Mesdaten werden mit Hilfe der neuen Viskositatstheorie von STOCKMAYER und FIXMAN analysiert, um die ungestorten Knaueldimensionen der beiden polymerhomologen Reihen miteinander zu vergleichen. Die dieser Theorie entsprechende Form der [η]-M-Beziehung lautet fur die „S„-Reihe: Es wird gefunden, das die ungestorte Knaueldimension der „S„-Reihe um etwa 10% kleiner ist als die der „T„-Reihe. Der sterische Faktor σ, der als Verhaltnis der ungestorten Knaueldimension zu der bei freier Drehbarkeit zu erwartenden definiert wird, liegt bei 2,10 fur die „S„-Reihe und bei 2,30 fur die „T„-Reihe. Dieser Tatsache wird entnommen, das der syndiotaktische Anteil des Polyacrylnitrils durch Erniedrigung der Polymerisationstemperatur vergrosert wird. In order to study the influences of polymerization temperature upon the molecular conformation of polyacrylonitrile, two types of samples are prepared at two different temperatures using a redox system. By employing the ARCHIBALD ultracentrifugal procedure the molecular weight determination is made for seven fractions from a sample polymerized at −30°C. (“T”-series) and for six ones from that obtained a t +60°C. (“S”-series). Between the intrinsic viscosity in dimethyl formamide (DMF) and the molecular weight the following relations are found: The viscosity equation for the “5”-series is in good agreement with that of CLELAND and STOCKMAYER. These results are analysed with aid of the recent viscosity theory of STOCKCMAYER and FIXMAN to evaluate the unperturbed dimension of these two homologous series. The [η]- M-relation for the “S”-series in the STOCKMAYER-FIXMAN form is: The unperturbed dimension of the „S”-series is found to be smaller than that of the “T”-series. The steric factor σ, defined as the ratio of unperturbed dimension to that corresponding to the free rotation, is about 2.10 and 2.30 for the “S”- and “T”-series, respectively. This leads to the conclusion that the syndiotactic part in the chain of polyacrylonitrile will be increased by a lowering of the temperature of polymerization.

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Factors affecting the nascent structure and morphology of polyethylene obtained by heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta catalysts: 1. Polymerization kinetics

TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of polymerization conditions on the morphology and macroconformation of nascent polyethylene obtained with a heterogeneous TiCl 3 Al (C 2 H 5 ) 3 Ziegler-Natta catalyst was investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI

Solution Properties of the Methyl Methacrylate-Acrylonitrile Copolymer

TL;DR: In this paper, the steric factor of a random copolymer composed of methyl methacrylate and acrylonitrile was derived from the relation between the limiting viscosity number and the molecular weight.
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Effects of Stereoregularity on Molecular Parameters of Polyacrylonitrile Polymerized by Gamma-Ray Irradiation

TL;DR: The effects of stereoregularity on molecular parameters of polyacrylonitrile polymerized by Gamma-Ray Irradiation have been studied in this article, showing that the steregularity of these parameters is positively correlated with molecular parameters.
Journal ArticleDOI

Aqueous Redox Polymerization of Acrylonitrile Initiated by Systems Based on Tervalent and Tetravalent Vanadium in Combination with N-Bromosuccinimide as the Oxidant

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the kinetics of polymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) initiated by the systems V(IV)/N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) and V(HI)/NBS.