El odio como delito

TLDR: The evolution of hate crime and its identification as a threat and especially as a harm poses a double risk: unlimited and selective application as discussed by the authors. But hate crime is not a homogeneus category.

Abstract: espanolEl "delito de odio" no es una categoria homogenea. Su nacimiento y evolucion ha estado determinada por tres factores: la presencia de una aversion discriminatoria, las necesidades preventivas de los colectivos vulnerables y la defensa de los valores de la comunidad puestos en cuestion. Estos factores han modificado progresivamente el concepto de odio a efectos penales y dado lugar a subgrupos de delitos de odio. De manera muy generica se puede distinguir tres: el odio como circunstancia agravante por discriminacion, como ratio de una anticipacion penal por la amenaza de dano que contiene y como lesion de la paz publica o de la moral social mayoritaria. La evolucion de los tipos de odio y su identificacion como amenaza y especialmente como lesion arroja un doble riesgo: de aplicacion ilimitada y selectiva. English"Hate crime" is not a homogeneus category. Its birth and evolution has been determined by three factors: an action that contains a discriminatory aversion, the protection of vulnerable groups and the defense of community values. These factors have progressively changed the concept of hatred and generated sub-groups of hate crimes: hatred as an aggravating circumstance (discrimination), as a reason for a previous criminal response because of the threat of harm it contains and as harm to public peace or to the majority social morality. This evolution of the hate crime and its identification as a threat and especially as a harm poses a double risk: unlimited and selective application.