Removing the requirement for cell culture has led to a substantial increase in the number of lineages of Entamoeba recognized as distinct. Surveying the range of potential host species for this parasite genus has barely been started and it is clear that additional sampling of the same host in different locations often identifies additional diversity. In this study, using small subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, we identify four new lineages of Entamoeba, including the first report of Entamoeba from an elephant, and extend the host range of some previously described lineages. In addition, examination of microbiome data from a number of host animals suggests that substantial Entamoeba diversity remains to be uncovered.

/pdf/expanding-the-entamoeba-universe-new-hosts-yield-novel-i1ryd36dmv.pdf

Entamoeba funambulae n.sp., from indian palm squirrel, funambulus palmarum.

Expanding the Entamoeba Universe: New Hosts Yield Novel Ribosomal Lineages.

Background: The number of valid of pathogen and non-pathogen species of Entamoeba has continuously increased in human and animals. This review is per-formed to provide an update list and some summarized information on Entamoeba species, which were identified up to the 2014. Methods: We evaluated the Entamoeba genus with a broad systematic review of the literature, books and electronic databases until February 2014. The synonyms, hosts, pathogenicity and geographical distribution of valid species were considered and recorded. Repeated and unrelated cases were excluded. Results: Totally 51 defined species of Entamoeba were found and arranged by the number of nuclei in mature cyst according to Levin's grouping. Seven of these spe-cies within the 4 nucleate mature cysts group and 1 species with one nucleate ma-ture cyst are pathogen. E. histolytica , E. invadence , E. rananrum and E. anatis causes lethal infection in human, reptiles, amphibians and brides respectively, four species causes non-lethal mild dysentery. The other species were non-pathogen and are important to differential diagnosis of amoebiasis. Conclusion: There are some unknown true species of Entamoeba that available information on the morphology, hosts, pathogenicity and distribution of them are still very limited and more considerable investigation will be needed in order to clarify the status of them.

/pdf/an-annotated-checklist-of-the-human-and-animal-entamoeba-2jdz3patio.pdf

Entamoeba funambulae n.sp., from indian palm squirrel, funambulus palmarum.

Citations

Expanding the Entamoeba Universe: New Hosts Yield Novel Ribosomal Lineages.

An annotated checklist of the human and animal Entamoeba (Amoebida: Endamoebidae) species - a review article.

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