Patent
High impedance fault analyzer in electric power distribution networks
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TLDR
In this paper, a system and method for detecting an abnormality in a network for distributing or transmitting electric power at a predetermined fundamental frequency is presented, which produces a signal representing the fundamental frequency and another signal representing a harmonic current occurring in the network.Abstract:
A system and method is disclosed for detecting an abnormality in a network for distributing or transmitting electric power at a predetermined fundamental frequency. The system produces a signal representing the fundamental frequency and another signal representing a harmonic current occurring in the network. The phasor relation between the fundamental voltage and harmonic current representing signal are compared. The system produces a signal indicating the occurrence of a high impedance fault in response to a predetermined change in the compared phasor relationship. Embodiments are disclosed utilizing expression of signals within the network in polar coordinates, as well as embodiments utilizing signals expressed in rectangular coordinates. Such embodiments include circuitry for detecting zero crossing phenomena, as well as circuitry for producing representation of signal products.read more
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Patent
Load analysis system for fault detection
Abstract: To prevent unnecessary power outages, and to remove feeder lines from service only when certain hazardous fault conditions occur, a load analysis system (10) including an apparatus and method, monitors the load level of a feeder line (12) and determines the presence of any arcing on the feeder line. In a two stage load pattern analysis, the presence of arcing and load current level changes are used to discriminate high impedance, low current conditions including a downed conductor, a broken and dangling conductor, a tree or object contact with the feeder line, overcurrent activities, and normal switching events such as recloser operation. The load analysis system (10) also provides output commands including wait, alarm, trip-ready, trip and normal, depending upon which status is diagnosed.
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References
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Patent
High impedance fault detection on power distribution circuits
TL;DR: In this paper, a technique for detecting high impedance faults on solidly grounded, wye connected distribution circuits is presented, based on the status of the third harmonic current component in each three-phase line current of the distribution circuit and specifically by the change in the phase of any one of the components during a period when the phases of the other third harmonic components remain unchanged.