Journal ArticleDOI
Individual differences in perceptual information processing and their relation to automobile accident involvement.
TLDR
A perceptual-information-processing model of driver decision making was used as a framework to select and devise predictions of accident involvement that significantly related to accident involvement for 75 commercial drivers.Abstract:
A perceptual-information-processing model of driver decision making was used as a framework to select and devise predictions of accident involvement. The predictors of field dependence, selective attention, and complex reaction time significantly related to accident involvement for 75 commercial drivers. Initial, simple, and choice reaction time did not relate to accident rate. The visual measures of field dependence and the auditory measure of selective attention were related in the predicted direction with the field-independent drivers making fewer errors in selective perception. This finding lends support to the importance of the further development of an information-processing model of the driving task. Since evidence is accumulating that stable individual differences in information processing relate to accident involvement, consideration should be given to devising techniques to develop these skills. /Author/read more
Citations
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Journal Article
Visual attention problems as a predictor of vehicle crashes in older drivers.
TL;DR: The identification of a visual attention measure highly predictive of crash problems in the elderly is pointed to a way in which the suitability of licensure in the older adult population could be based on objective, performance-based criteria.
Journal ArticleDOI
Behavioral-correlates of individual-differences in road-traffic crash risk - an examination of methods and findings
TL;DR: Qualitative issues relevant to the study of differential crash involvement and the findings of research in this area are considered and the ways in which research in the area might usefully proceed are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Visual/cognitive correlates of vehicle accidents in older drivers.
TL;DR: The best predictor of accident frequency as recorded by the state was a model incorporating measures of early visual attention and mental status, which together accounted for 20% of the variance, a much stronger model than in earlier studies.
Journal ArticleDOI
The effect of cellular phone use upon driver attention
TL;DR: The authors conclude that older drivers might reduce their accident risk during attention-demanding traffic conditions by avoiding use of cellular phones and that other drivers might do so by refraining from calls involving intense conversation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Models of driving behavior: A review of their evolution
TL;DR: It is concluded that the hierarchical control structure and theories of automaticity and errors provide the potential tools for defining alternative criterion measures, such as safety margins, and developing testable theories of driving behavior and crash causation.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Psychological Differentiation: Studies of Development
Journal ArticleDOI
A portable rod-and-frame apparatus.
TL;DR: A portable rod-and-frame test is described and scores on the portable apparatus correlated with scores obtained on Witkin's original rod- and- frame test.
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